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Item SINTESIS SENYAWA 4-(1-(4-FLUOROFENIL)-5-(3-METOKSIFENIL)- 4,5-DIHIDRO-1H-PIRAZOL-3-IL) FENOL(Elfitra, 2024-01) Kurniati, Maya; Jasril, JasrilPyrazoline has two nitrogen atoms adjacent to each other in its ring and possess only one endocyclic double bond. The pyrazoline compound 4-(1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-(3- Methoxyphenyl)-4,5-Dihydro-1H-Pirazol-3-yl) phenol and named as P3OME-4OH-4F has been successfully synthesized through three stages reaction. The first stage is the formation of the chalcone compound through the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction with a yield of 54%, the second stage is the formation of the hydrazine compound through diazotation and reduction reactions with a yield of 84% and the final stage is the formation of the P3OME-4OH-4F compound through a cyclization reaction with a yield obtained of 52%. The purity of the compound was tested by measuring the melting point, TLC and HPLC analysis. The structure of the P3OME-4OH-4F compound was confirmed by characterization using UV spectroscopy and FTIR.Item SINTESIS SENYAWA PIRAZOLIN 4-(5-(3-METOKSIFENIL)- 1-(4-NITROFENIL)-4,5-DIHIDRO-1H-PIRAZOL-3-IL)FENOL(Elfitra, 2024-01) Pratiwi, Dwi Panji; Jasril, JasrilPyrazolin is a five-loop heterocyclic compound that has two nitrogen atoms in its ring and contains one endocyclic double bond. Pyrazoline compound 4-(5-(3- methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-3-yl)phenol (P3OME-4OH -4NTR) had been synthesized in three-step of reaction process. The first step of formation of chalcone compounds uses the microwave irradiation method with a yield of 54%. The second step of formation of the compound (4-nitrophenyl)hydrazine uses the heating stirrer method with a yield of 84%. The last stage of formation of P3OME- 4OH-4NTR compound using the heating stirrer method with a yield of 77%. The purity of the compound P3OME-4OH-4NTR was tested by measuring melting point, TLC and HPLC analysis and compound structure was confirmed using UV and FTIR spectroscopic characterization.Item SINTESIS SENYAWA PIRAZOLIN 4-(5-(3-METOKSIFENIL)- 1-(4-NITROFENIL)-4,5-DIHIDRO-1H-PIRAZOL-3-IL)FENOL(Elfitra, 2024-01) Pratiwi, Dwi Panji; Jasril, JasrilPyrazolin is a five-loop heterocyclic compound that has two nitrogen atoms in its ring and contains one endocyclic double bond. Pyrazoline compound 4-(5-(3- methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-3-yl)phenol (P3OME-4OH -4NTR) had been synthesized in three-step of reaction process. The first step of formation of chalcone compounds uses the microwave irradiation method with a yield of 54%. The second step of formation of the compound (4-nitrophenyl)hydrazine uses the heating stirrer method with a yield of 84%. The last stage of formation of P3OME- 4OH-4NTR compound using the heating stirrer method with a yield of 77%. The purity of the compound P3OME-4OH-4NTR was tested by measuring melting point, TLC and HPLC analysis and compound structure was confirmed using UV and FTIR spectroscopic characterization.Item PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU HIDROTERMAL PADA SINTESIS ZEOLIT DARI LEMPUNG MAREDAN(Elfitra, 2023-12) Rahayu, Sri; Sophia, Halida; Sholeha, Novia AmaliaMaredan clay from the western part of Maredan Village, Siak Regency, Riau Province can be used as raw material for zeolite synthesis. This study aims to determine the characteristics of zeolite synthesized with variations in hydrothermal time. Zeolite synthesis was carried out using the hydrothermal method with time variations of 5, 6, 20, 24, 36 and 48 hours. Data from the characterization of Maredan clay using XRF proved that Maredan clay has an Al2O3 content of 32.513% and SiO2 47.751%. XRD analysis showed that the synthesis of zeolite in samples with different time variations showed peaks of sodalite type zeolite appearing around 2θ = 14.16˚, 24, 65˚, 31.99˚ and 43.39˚, in addition to sodalite appeared zeolite A (LTA) in the area 2θ = 27.11˚, 32.54˚, 34.18˚, 42.85˚ and several peaks of zeolite Y around 2θ = 18.644˚. The zeolite synthesis product in this study is an impure type of zeolite because it contains several zeolite phases consisting of sodalite and zeolite Y. The crystallinity and crystal size of sodalite are 21.21; 27.45; 17.32; 16.92; 21.48; 126.81 % and 56.35; 42.28; 59.43; 25.35; 42.28; 126.82 nm. The crystallinity and crystal size of zeolite A (LTA) are 7.42; 9.99; 15.18; 11.54; 10.93; 5.70 % and 52.09; 43.59; 107.27; 18.6; 52.28; 52.29 nm.Item SINTESIS BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaO-SiO2 (3%) DARI CANGKANG KERANG DARAH DAN ABU SABUT PINANG KALSINASI 800ºC(Elfitra, 2023-12) Permatasari, Silvia Eka; Nurhayati, NurhayatiBiodiesel is an alternative fuel that is produced conventionally through the transesterification reaction of triglycerides or oil with short-chain alcohols and a catalyst. This research aims to increase the catalytic ability of the catalyst by modifying the CaO catalyst from blood cockle shells with SiO2 derived from areca palm ash through the impregnation method for use in the biodiesel production process. SiO2 impregnated with ratios of 3% w/w to the weight of CaO. The resulting catalyst was applied for biodiesel production with yield optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Box Behnken Design (BBD) design. Analysis using BET shows that the surface area of CaOSiO2 3% has increased. XRF analysis of the 3% CaO-SiO2 catalyst obtained a CaO composition of 97.44%. At the optimum condition highest biodiesel yield was 95.95%Item SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS CaO-SiO2 DARI CANGKANG KERANG DARAH DAN SABUT PINANG UNTUK PRODUKSI BIODIESEL(Elfitra, 2023-12) Marlinda, RirinCalcium oxide (CaO) is a catalyst that is widely used for biodiesel synthesis reactions because it has relatively high base strength, but the CaO catalyst has the weakness of a low surface area. Therefore, to increase biodiesel yield the CaO catalyst needs to be modified using silica to increase the surface area of the catalyst and its catalytic activity. The aim of this research is to synthesize and characterize the CaO catalyst modified by SiO2 areca palm ash using the impregnation method with the SiO2 ratio of 3% w/w to the weight of CaO. The resulting catalyst was applied for biodiesel production with yield optimization using a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) design. Analysis using BET shows that the surface area of CaO-SiO2 has increased. XRF analysis for the 3% CaO-SiO2 catalyst obtained a SiO2 composition of 0.66 and a CaO composition of 97.496%. Based on the optimum results, the highest biodiesel yield was 94.29%.Item SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN JABON PUTIH (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.)(Elfitra, 2023-12) Nainggolan, Rezky YoshuaBiosynthesis is one of the synthesis methods that used plants as reductor. The secondary metabolite compund in plants can be used as bioreductor fo synthesize silver nanoparticles. The purpose of this research was to synthesize silver nanoparticles using jabon putih leaf extract (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) using biosynthesis method. The extract was obtained from maseration method by mixing 5 g jabon putih leaves with 250 mL Aqua demineralized. After that, silver nanoparticles was synthesized with biosynthesis method that accompanied with variation of pH and AgNO3 solution’s concetration. The pH was variated in 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 and AgNO3 solution’s concetration was variated in 0.1 mM, 1 mM, and 10 mM. the formed silver nanoparticles were analyzed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). The result of this research are showed in UV-Vis and FTIR’s Spectra. UV-Vis spectra analysis showed the existence of an optimum stable absorbance peak at wavelength of 431 nm with the absorbance of 1.331. This result was further supported by FTIR spectra, which shows the presence of the O-H group, a functional group that reduce Ag+ ions into Ag0. The best conditions to synthesize silver nanoparticles in this research were found to be at pH 3 with a concentration of AgNO3 solution of 1 mM.Item AKTIVITAS ANTIDEPRESAN EKSTRAK n-HEKSANA BIJI PINANG TUA DENGAN METODA FORCED SWIM TEST PADA MENCIT JANTAN (Mus musculus)(Elfitra, 2023-12) RahayuDepression is a mental health disorder characterized by unstable mood and frequent emotional changes. Antidepressant drugs can be used as initial pharmacological therapy for depressive disorders. The Forced Swim Test (FST) method is a method used to see antidepressant activity. This study aims to determine the antidepressant activity of n-hexane extract of mature areca nut seeds using the FST method acutely. FST was used because it is one of the most widely used in vivo methods for detecting antidepressant drugs in test animals. The injection into mice was carried out intraperitoneally 1 hour before FST at a dose of 10 mg/kg and the control group was only injected with 0.9% saline. N-hexane extract of old areca nut seeds at a dose of 10 mg/kg was not effective as an antidepressant because there was no significant reduction in immobility time compared to controls.Item SINTESIS KOMPOSIT MnOx/ABU CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT UNTUK DEGRADASI METILEN BIRU: VARIASI SUHU KALSINASI(Elfitra, 2024-12) Sibarani, Panji Haratua; Awaluddin, AmirManganese oxide is an important compound in nature for the transformation of various compounds into simpler compounds. Synthesis of manganese oxide can be carried out using the sol-gel method. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of calcination temperature on the characteristics and catalytic activity of MnOx/ACKS composites. The synthesis of the MnOx/ACKS composite was carried out by mixing KMnO4, glucose and activated ACKS. The MnOx/ACKS composite was characterized using XRay Diffraction (XRD). The XRD characterization results show that the MnOx/ACKS composite consists of a quartz phase and a mixed phase of manganese oxide such as managanosite, cryptomelane, hausmanite and binnerssite. Degradation of methylene blue at a concentration of 12.5 ppm, a volume of 5 mL of H2O2 and a composite mass of 25 mg was able to degrade methylene blue by 86.67% within 120 minutes.Item SINTESIS KOMPOSIT MnOx/ABU CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN VARIASI WAKTU KALSINASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS KATALITIK UNTUK DEGRADASI METILEN BIRU(Elfitra, 2023-12) Ambarita, Lidia Sartika Br; Awaluddin, AmirThe chemical industry is growing rapidly along with the increase in world population. The waste produced by this industry is the main cause of environmental pollution. One of the dyes that is difficult to degrade which has an aromatic compound group is methylene blue dye. One method that can be used to degrade methylene blue using a catalyst is the Fenton-like method. This research aims to synthesize the MnOx/ACKS composite using a one-step sol gel method, the synthesis is carried out by reacting KMnO4, glucose, and ACKS. The MnOx/ACKS composite was characterized using X-Ray Diffaraction (XRD). The XRD characterization results show that the MnO2 type in the MnOx/ACKS 1 Hour composite contains a mixed phase of cryptomelane, manganosite, birnessite and hausmanite. Degradation of methylene blue at a concentration of 5 mL H2O2, 25 mg composite, and 12.5 ppm methylene blue, was able to degrade methylene blue by 77.71% within 120 minutes.Item SINTESIS SENYAWA 3-(2-(2-MORPHOLINETOXY)PHENYL)-1- (NAPTHALEN-1-YL)PROP-2-EN-1-ONE(Elfitra, 2023-12) Salsabila, Lavana; JasrilChalcone is a compound consisting of two aromatic rings connected by three carbon atoms in a unsaturated α, β carbonyl system. The compound 3-(2-(2- morpholinetoxy)phenyl)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (CLN-1NFT-2OM) was successfully synthesized through 2 reaction steps. The first step was the formation of chalcone (3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one) by microwave irradiation method for 75 second with a yield of 91,5%. The second step was the formation of CLN-1NFT-2OM compound by strirring method at 60-70oC for 6 hours with a yield of 75,8%. The purity of each compound was analyzed through TLC, measuring the melting points, and HPLC analysis. The structure of the compound was confirmed through UV, FTIR, and LC-MS spectroscopy characterization.Item PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EDTA DAN SDS TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ENZIM LAKASE B Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1(Elfitra, 2023-12) Wati, Laras; Dahliaty, Andi; Nugroho, Titania TjLaccase enzyme is an extracellular enzyme that is catalyzing lignin degradation process. This study aims to analyze the effect of the addition of EDTA and SDS compounds on laccase enzyme activity with concentration variations of 1 mM and 10 mM. Laccase enzyme from Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1 had been partially purified by 0-80% ammonium sulfate fractionation and gel filtration chromatography where the results of this partial purification produced two kinds of laccase, namely laccase A and laccase B. This study used laccase B enzyme. The activity of laccase B enzyme was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotomoter at 420 nm wavelength using ABTS (2,2'-Azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6- sulfonate) as substrate. The activity of laccase B enzyme was 144.02±2.71 U/L. Addition by 1 mM EDTA was not significantly different (p>0.05) with relative activity of (100.47±6.47)% control. A significant decrease in laccase activity (p≤0.05) occurred in the addition by EDTA 10 mM, SDS 1 mM and SDS 10 mM with relative activities of (76.58±2.6)%, (38.81±3.59)%, (8.98±1.35)% of the control, respectively.Item SINTESIS KOMPOSIT MnOx/ABU CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT MELALUI METODE SOL GEL UNTUK DEGRADASI METILEN BIRU : VARIASI MASSA ABU CANGKANG(Elfitra, 2023-12) Irfan; Awaluddin, AmirThe manganese oxide mineral is an oxidizer which plays an important role in the transformation of various compounds into simpler compounds. This mineral is generally mixed with manganese oxide which has a different structure and other metal oxides. Synthesis of manganese oxide can be carried out using the sol gel method. The ratio of reactants and concentrations as well as the presence of other compounds during the reaction greatly influence the structure of the manga oxide produced. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of shell ash mass on the characteristics of the MnOx/ACKS composite by mixing KMnO4 and glucose to form a gel, followed by the addition of ACKS. The structure of MnOx in the composite was determined by XRD. The results of XRD show the presence of cryptomelane, hausmanite, manganosite, birnessite phases. The relegation result is 74,13%.Item IDENTIFIKASI PENGARUH APLIKASI SUPERNATAN BEBAS SEL Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454 TERHADAP PERUBAHAN NILAI pH FILLET AYAM BROILER(Elfitra, 2023-12) Khoirunisa, Eliza; Haryani, YuliBroiler chicken is a commonly consumed food item in daily life, but it has a short shelf life due to the presence of highly nutritious components that facilitate bacterial growth. Lactococcus lactis ATCC11454 is a specific strain of lactic acid bacteria (BAL) frequently utilized in the food industry for its efficient production of nisin, a peptide known for its biopreservative properties in food products. The objective of this research is to evaluate the application of Cell-Free Supernatant (CFS) from Lactococcus lactis ATCC11454 on broiler chicken fillets concerning changes in pH values. Chicken fillets were coated with and without CFS from L. lactis ATCC11454, and then stored at two different temperatures. The percentage increase in pH values of fillets without CFS coating was higher compared to fillets with CFS coating.Item SINTESIS PIRAZOLIN 5- (2-BROMOFENIL)-3-(1- HIDROKSINAFTALEN-2-IL)-1- FENIL-4,5-DIHIDRO-1H-PIRAZOL(Elfitra, 2023-12) Syafitri, Bella; JasrilPyrazoline is five ring heterocyclic compounds with two adjacent nitrogen atoms which is known to have diverse biological activities such as antioxidant, antitumor and anticancer agent. The synthesis of pyrazoline (5-(2- bromophenyl)-3-(1- hydroxynaphthalene-2-yl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole begins with the formation of chalcone by reacting 1-hydroxy-2-acetyl naphthalene with 2-bromobenzaldehide using microwave irradiation method. The next step was reacted chalcone with phenyl hydrazine to produce target compound used sodium hydroxide catalyst with a monowave for 3 hours at a temperature of 80℃ and the resulting yield was 72%. The purity of the target compound was determined using TLC, melting point and HPLC. Analysis and confirming structure based on spectroscopic data of UV and FTIR.Item STUDI ANTAGONISTIK Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1 DAN Penicillium sp. LBKURCC34(Elfitra, 2023-12) Nasution, Ariq Fadhil Shidiqi; Nurulita, Yuana; Rafi, MohamadTrichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1 and Penicillium sp. LBKURCC34 are a fungi isolated from plantation soil and peat soil in Riau Province. This study aims to examine the antagonistic activity between local isolates of Riau fungi; LBKURCC1 and LBKURCC34. The aim of the antagonistic test is to measure and determine the ability of antagonistic fungi to suppress the growth and development of pathogenic fungi or fungi tested in close proximity to the laboratory scale co-culture method. Antagonistic tests can be carried out in vitro using the dual culture method. Antagonistic tests are carried out for 14 days and observations are made in control and test petris. In the antagonistic test, the LBKURCC1 fungus showed stronger antagonistic inhibition than the LBKURCC34 fungus.Item PENGARUH PERLAKUAN AGING PADA PREPARASI ZEOLIT BERBAHAN DASAR LEMPUNG MAREDAN TERAKTIVASI ALKALI(Elfitra, 2023-12) Khasanah, Arbiyanti; Sophia, Halida; Sholeha, Novia AmaliaMaredan clay is a natural material that has potential as a base material for zeolite synthesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the character of zeolite as a result of synthesis with aging treatment by using variations in hydrothermal time. This synthesis of zeolite uses the alkaline hydrothermal fusion method with variations hydrothermal times of 12, 18, 20, 24, 36 and 48 hours at a temperature of 100°C. XRD analysis showed of zeolite that there was dominant highest peak, namely zeolite sodalite and the presence of a peak Y. Crystallinity and sodalite crytal size was 20.17; 19.24; 23.45; 19.18; 25.04; 14.83% and 97.30; 69.68; 97.30; 69.68; 53.95; 69.68 nm. The crystallinity and crystal size of zeolite Y was 4.72; 4.39; 4.01; 3.51; 3.02; 2.64 % and 49.72; 71.17; 62.21; 71.17; 41.49; 41.48 nm. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Maredan clay has potential to be used as based material for zeolite.Item EFEK WAKTU IRRADIASI MICROWAVE PADA SINTESIS KARBON AKTIF PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT(Elfitra, 2023-12) Aulia, Anggi Dyang; MuhdarinaThe oil palm fronds contribute the highest biomass compared to other parts of the oil palm. The biomass of oil palm fronds were transformed into activated carbon through a carbonization process (at a temperature of 600°C for 60 minutes), resulting as charcoal, namely APS. Subsequently, the APS was chemically activated with KOH (APS : KOH ratio of 1:1 [w/w]) and physically activated under microwave irradiation (at times of 1, 3, and 5 minutes) at a power of 300 W, yielding activated carbons denoted as A1D300, A3D300, and A5D300. The moisture and ash content, as well as the iodine adsorption capacity of both oil palm charcoal and activated carbon were determined in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No. 06-3730-1995. Similarly, their respective yields were also assessed. The research results were found that yields, moisture content, and iodine adsorption capacity decrease with increasing irradiation time, whereas ash content tends to increase. The yield for each activated carbon was significantly greater than that of APS charcoal. In contrast to APS charcoal, all activated carbons meet the moisture, ash, and iodine adsorption capacity standards specified in the referenced SNI. Among them, A1D300 stands out as the most effective activated carbon from oil palm fronds, exhibiting a yield of 85%, ash and moisture content of 0.9% and 7.6% respectively, and an iodine adsorption capacity of 809.2 mg g -1 .Item KARAKTERISTIK BIOCHAR PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT PRODUK PIROLISIS PADA SUHU BERVARIASI(Elfitra, 2023-12) Ulfa, Amelia; MuhdarinaThe potential utilization of oil palm fronds as a raw material for biochar production is attributed to their composition of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. This research is investigated the impact of pyrolysis temperature on the characteristics of the resulting biochar, adhering to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-3730-1995, encompassing parameters such as moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon. Oil palm fronds were subjected to pyrolysis at varying temperatures of 500°C, 600°C, and 700°C for 60 minutes in a nitrogen gas stream. The research results was demonstrated that the pyrolysis temperature of oil palm fronds significantly influences the characteristics of moisture content, ash content, volatile matter and fixed carbon. The values were obtained exhibit an increasing trend with the elevation of temperature. The most optimal biochar identified in this study is designated as BPS500, featuring a moisture content of 0.76%, ash content of 6.85%, volatile matter content of 9.66%, and fixed carbon content of 82.71%, respectively. All these values align with the specifications outlined in the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-3730-1995.Item OPTIMASI WAKTU KONTAK DAN KONSENTRASI ADSORBAT PADA PENJERAPAN TIMBAL(II) OLEH LEMPUNG ALAM MAREDAN(Elfitra, 2023-12) Nazila, Alma; MukhlisThe application of Maredan natural clay as an adsorbent has several advantages, such as lower cost, abundant availability and good adsorption efficiency. In this research, Maredan natural clay was used to adsorb lead in water. The purpose of this research was determine the optimum contact time and optimum concentration of adsorbate, the adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics model of the adsorbent in lead adsorption process using Maredan natural clay. The adsorption used batch method with contact time variations of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes and variations in adsorbate concentration of 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm. The concentration of adsorbate adsorbed was determined using AAS. Characterization of the adsorbent before and after adsorption process was carried out using a FTIR instrument to determine the bond vibrations and functional groups of Maredan natural clay. The optimum contact time and adsorbate concentration of this research was obtained at 20 minutes and adsorbate concentration of 40 ppm, with adsorption efficiency of 77,02%. The adsorption isotherm for lead adsorption using Maredan natural clay was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm with R2 coefficient of 0,9314. The kinetic model of this research followed a second pseudo order kinetic model with and R2 coefficient of 0,9992.