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Item ISOLASI BAKTERI PATOGEN Ralstonia solanacearum DARI TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens) DI PERTANIAN CABAI TANAH MERAH(Elfitra, 2023-06) Utami, Metri Laksita; Fibriarti, Bernadeta LeniRalstonia solanacearum is one of the bacteria that attacks chili plants which causes wilt disease. Chili plants attacked by R. solanacearum will be difficult to be recovered. R. solanacearum is a pathogenic bacterium which is transmitted through the soil. This bacteria is also one of the factors reducing chili yield in Indonesia. Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens) in Tanah Merah chili farming is often attacked by wilt disease, so R. solanacearum isolation was carried out to identify bacterial wilt in chili farming in Tanah Merah and to obtain a collection culture so that further testing could be performed. R. solanacearum in this study was isolated from stems of the chili plant. Isolation of this bacteria using casamino acid peptone glucose medium. Then it was identified by observing the macroscopic and microscopic morphological characters. The results of this study obtained bacterial isolates with characteristics of R. solanacearum.Item UJI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI LOKAL RIAU DALAM MENDEGRADASI KANTONG PLASTIK HITAM(Elfitra, 2023-06) Siregar, Elsa Novita Br; Fibriarti, Bernadeta LeniOne of the most commonly found organic waste is plastic bags. Plastic is an inorganic waste that has constituent components that are difficult to decompose in nature. The use of microorganisms such as bacteria and the use of enzymes is an effective and environmentally friendly way. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Riau local isolate bacteria in degrading black High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic bags. Rejuvenation of bacterial isolates is carried out to ensure the isolates used are appropriate. The biodegradation test was based on the percentage weight reduction of HDPE plastic sheets on the medium for 60 days. The results showed that the isolates had HDPE biodegradation activity that was able to degrade black plastic within 60 days incubation time. The percentage of weight reduction of the test plastic was by LSSB 2.3 isolate of (0.35%).Item ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT PENGHASIL EKSOPOLISAKARIDA DARI NIRA TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.)(Elfitra, 2023-06) Ain, Ecce Azzahra; Fibriarti, Bernadeta LeniLactic acid bacteria (LAB) are bacteria that are safe for human consumption. Some types of LAB are able to produce secondary metabolites including exopolysaccharides (EPS). EPS-producing LAB has been isolated from various ingredients that contain high sugar sources so that it can be found in sugarcane sap (Saccharum officinarum L.). This study aimed to isolate and characterize EPS-producing LAB from sugarcane sap. The isolates of LAB were obtained using the dilution method on MRSA medium (deMan Rogosa and Sharpe Agar) containing CaCO3, then characterized macroscopic, microscopic, biochemical and physiological properties. The results of the study obtained NT2 isolates that have gram-positive, the form of cocci cells, cannot produce indole, are able to ferment glucose and sucrose, negative catalase and non-motile.Item MOTILITAS SPERMATOZOA SAPI BALI DIKRIOPRESERVASI DALAM PENGENCER TRIS-KUNING TELUR DENGAN EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera)(Elfitra, 2023-05) Altilingsy, Yandira Tike Suci; Yusfiati, YusfiatiBali cattle is one of the potential germplasm to be developed, one of which is by cryopreservation process. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of giving moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera) into tris-egg yolk diluent on the motility of spermatozoa in bali cattle with various of freezing time (0, 2, and 8 days). Examination of spermatozoa motility was carried out using the Computerized Assisted Sperm Analyzed (CASA) system. The stages of the research were extracting moringa leaves, making diluent, giving moringa leaf extract to tris-yolk diluent, storing semen, examining fresh semen, diluting and preparing frozen semen, as well as examining spermatozoa motility after cryopreservation. Data were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and Duncan's test using SPSS 17.0 program. Result of study showed that the addition of moringa leaf extract to diluent had a significant effect (p<0.05) on spermatozoa motility of bali cattle without freezing treatment. Additional of 0.03 g moringa leaf extract showed the best results on motility values compared to controls and other doses.Item TEKNIK BUDIDAYA MICROGREENS DARI BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L. var. Callina) MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA KOMPOS(Elfitra, 2023-05) Wulandari, Retno Ayu; Sujarwati, SujarwatiMicrogreens contain higher level of micronutrients and bioactive compounds compared to mature plants. Papaya fruit is widely consumed, as a result a lot of papaya seed waste is not utilized. Papaya seeds have a complex nutritional content, therefore they are suitable to be cultivated as microgreens. This study aimed to cultivate microgreens from papaya seeds of Callina cultivar under compost media. This study involved preparation of planting media, seed preparation, seedling, maintenance and harvesting of papaya seed microgreens. Data were analyzed with a qualitative descriptive method. Results showed that papaya seed microgreens could grow well on compost media, although some parts of seedlings were contaminated by fungi. In addition, growth of microgreens were not at uniform rate. However, these problem could be overcome immediately. This study suggested that it is necessary to carry out further research with several combinations of planting media to find the best response from the growth of microgreens.Item PERBANDINGAN MORFOLOGI DUA VARIETAS KAMBOJA (P. rubra var. acutifolia dan P. rubra ‘Pink Sunrise’) DI UNIVERSITAS RIAU(Elfitra, 2023-05) Syasvika, Raihanah Putri; Sofiyanti, NeryPlumeria species pose high variations in morphological characters. These characters are important for plant identification and classification. Objective of this study was to compare varieties of P. rubra grown in University Riau (UNRI) area. Plumeria speciements were collected from UNRI area. Morphological characterization was carried out on stems, leaves and flowers. Result od the study found two variations in Plumeria species namely P. rubra 'Pink Sunrise' and P. rubra var. acutifolia that can be distinguished based on flower morphology.Item KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI DAUN TIGA JENIS TUMBUHAN SUBFAMILI CAESALPINOIDEAE DI UNIVERSITAS RIAU(Elfitra, 2023-05) Bella, Neysia Alice; Sofiyanti, NeryRiau University is one of areas for Caesalpinoideae subfamily population. The purpose of this study was to characterize morphological characteristics of Caesalpinoideae leaves in this campus area. Sampling in the field was carried out by using exploratory method. A total of three Caesalpinoideae species are recorded in this study i.e. Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Delonix regia and Senna siamea. The leaf morphology of all these species are characterized and described in detail. Their leaf characteristics show variation on size, color and shape.Item PROFIL PITA DNA TOTAL LOPANG(Elfitra, 2023-05) Siahaan, Citra Winarni; Herman, HermanLopang are annual herbaceous plants that have been cultivated in Riau. Lopang plants are dominantly grown in open areas of farming fields. This plant is consumed as a vegetable and is believed to be an herbal medicine for certain diseases by local people. This study aimed to extract total genomic DNA of Lopang plants. Research methods include total DNA isolation and total DNA electrophoresis. The results showed that total DNA was thin with a length of more than 10,000 bp.Item Keanekaragaman Zooplankton Di Dua Danau Kawasan Perkotaan Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor(Elfitra, 2023-04) Setiyaningsih, Sulis; Yulminarti, Yulminarti; Toruan, Reliana LumbanZooplankton are widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems. Their community structure and distribution are influenced by both abiotic factors such as temperature, pH, DO, depth, and chlorophyll-a. Zooplankton are sensitive to environmental changes, therefor they are widely used as bioindicator for water quality and ecosystem health. The study of zooplankton biodiversity and its relationship with environmental conditions in several lakes in urban area of Cibinong, Bogor Regency in West Java – Indonesia, has been conducted. Zooplankton samples were collected form five urban lakes by filtering twenty liters of water using a 53 μm plankton net. Prior to analysis, samples were preserved in lugol. Identification and enumeration of zooplankton were performed under a compound microscope using a Sedgewick rafter counting chamber. A total of three groups of zooplankton have been identified from all observed lakes, which include rotifers, cladocerans, and copepods, for a total of 3.492, 136, and 1.632 ind/L, respectively.Item KEANEKARAGAMAN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera Linn.) BERDASARKAN KARAKTER AGRONOMI DAN ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATANNYA DI KECAMATAN BANDAR LAKSAMANA, KABUPATEN BENGKALIS(Elfitra, 2023-04) Apriliany, Resky Darfira; Fitmawati, FitmawatiCoconut belongs to the Palmae family which is a versatile plant and has high economic value. Bandar Laksamana Sub-district, Bengkalis Regency is one of the largest potential coconut producing districts in Riau. Coconut diversity based on agronomic characters has not been supported by scientific data. The purpose of this study was to characterize the diversity of coconut based on agronomic characters in Bandar Laksamana District, Bengkalis Regency and analyze their kinship relationships. This research was conducted using the exploration method. Kinship relationships of coconut species were analyzed using the NTSys pc 2.02 application. Data obtained were presented in tables, figures, and analyzed descriptively. Results of this study obtained 12 variations of coconut which are classified into 10 types of coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. macrocorpu), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. viridis), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. eburnea), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. nana), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. pumila), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. pretiosa), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. saccharina), (Cocos nucifera Linn. "Hybrid"), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. regia), (Cocos nucifera Linn. var. alba). Based on 28 agronomic characters, coconuts were divided into two main groups with similarity coefficient values of 0.03-0.50.Item KARAKTERISTIK MIKROBIOLOGIS MINUMAN FERMENTASI BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) MENGGUNAKAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT LOKAL RIAU(Elfitra, 2023-04) Astari, Rachmi Yunisa; Fibriarti, Bernadeta LeniProbiotic drinks that are often found in the market are probiotic drinks made from milk, so it is necessary to use other alternative materials such as vegetable materials as raw materials for making probiotic drinks such as Rosella flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) to obtain probiotic drinks that are more affordable for the community and multifunctional. The purpose of this study was to produce fermented beverages from Rosella flowers fermented using Riau local lactic acid bacteria (LAB) JN2 and JN6. The microbiological characteristics test of Rosella extract fermented beverage included pH measurement parameters, total lactic acid, antioxidant activity with DPPH method, total lactic acid bacteria and detection test of pathogenic bacteria Salmonella sp. and Escherchia coli. The results obtained the best microbiological characteristics were P2 (Rosella extract + LAB JN6) with pH ranging from 1.40 ± 0.10 - 2.30 ± 0.43, the highest total lactic acid of 0.100 ± 0.00%, antioxidant activity of 12.5%, total lactic acid bacteria of 72 x 102 CFU/mL, and the absence of pathogenic bacteria Salmonella and Escherchia coli in Rosella extract fermented beverages. Making fermented beverages of dried Rosella flower extracts using Riau local lactic acid bacteria JN2 and JN6 cannot be utilized as probiotic bacteria for Rosella extract fermented beverages because the pH of the beverage is very acidic which makes LAB JN2 and JN6 difficult to grow.Item ISOLASI BAKTERI DAN JAMUR ENDOFIT DARI TANAMAN MANGGA LIAR MACANG (Mangifera foetida Lour)(Elfitra, 2023-04) Yannizur, R. Annisa; Roza, Rodesia MustikaMacang (Mangifera foetida Lour) belongs to the Anacadiaceae family which contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponoins, alkaloids and steroids which act as antibacterials. In general, the compound content in M. foetida is in line with the content produced by endophytic microbes in its plant tissues. This study aimed to isolate endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi from the leaves and bark of the mango macang (M. foetida) plant. The study was conducted using the direct method. The results showed that 11 isolates of endophytic microbes were successfully obtained ie., five isolates of endophytic bacteria and six endophytic fungi isolateItem ISOLASI DARI DNA DAUN TUMBUHAN PANDAN ASAL KUBANG MENGGUNAKAN GENOMIC DNA MINI KIT (PLANT) GENEAID(Elfitra, 2023-04) Sofhya, Putri Tri; Roslim, Dewi IndriyaniPandan plant from Kubang is a plant of the Pandanaceae family. Morphologically, pandan from Kubang is similar to Benstonea sp from Pelalawan, so it is necessary to analyze molecularly. The first step in molecular analysis is isolation of genomic DNA. This study aimed to isolate total DNA of pandan from Kubang. Research method include total DNA isolation and electrophoresis. Result of total DNA extraction showed a thick and single band with length of more than 10,000 bp.Item KARAKTERISASI TUMBUHAN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens Jack.) ASAL TIGA LOKASI DI PROVINSI BERDASARKAN METODE LC-MS(Elfitra, 2023-04) Azizah, Nur; Fitmawati, FitmawatiSungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) belongs to the Lamiaceae family which has various active compounds function as antipyretic to antioxidant so it is widely used as medicine. Sungkai samples were taken from three locations in Riau Province, namely Kuantan Singingi, Pekanbaru and Siak. The purpose of this study was to characterize and determine the types of phytochemical compounds contained in sungkai plants and to differentiate sungkai from three locations in Riau Province using the LC-MS method. Sampling was carried out using a survey method. Samples were analyzed using the LC-MS system. Chromatogram was analyzed using the MassLynx program to obtain the compounds contained in the sample. Determination of compound names was based on the Chemspider database and compound groups based on PubChem. Grouping of the three origins of Sungkai was carried out using the NTSYSpc2.02 program. There were 296 metabolite compounds which were used for grouping sungkai from trhee regions. Results showed that ekstract leaf sungkai from three locations contain compounds belonging to the class of flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, amino acids, aromatic compounds, sesquiterpenoids, carboxylic acids, essential oils, medium-chain fatty acids and nucleic acid. Three sungkai from three locations were divided into two groups with similarity coefficient values ranging from 31% -48. Group I is from Kuantan Singingi and group II is from Pekanbaru and Siak. The metabolites found in this study are expected to be useful as basic data in the field of phytopharmaca and medicine.Item KARAKTERISASI MORFOLOGI DUA VARIASI PISANG (Pisang Serendah DAN Pisang Lidi) DARI JENIS Musa acuminata Colla DI KECAMATAN SUNGAI SEMBILAN, KOTA DUMAI, PROVINSI RIAU(Elfitra, 2023-04) Norfadila, Norfadila; Fitmawati, FitmawatiBanana is a member of the Musa genus of the Musaceae family that is widely cultivated in Indonesia, one of which is in Sungai Sembilan District, Dumai City. The purpose of this study was to identify the morphological characterization of two banana variations found in Sungai Sembilan District, namely Pisang Serendah and Pisang Lidi. This research was conducted from October to December 2022. The results showed that there are differences in the morphological characters of Pisang Serendah and Pisang Lidi, namely color of the pseudo-stem, shape of the base of the leaf blade, shape of the petiole canal, shape of the bractea, shape of the fruit, and free tepal.Item OPTIMASI WAKTU PRODUKSI METABOLIT SEKUNDER AKTINOMISETES ASAL TANAH KEBUN SAYUR DI KOTA PEKANBARU: UJI DAYA HAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus(Elfitra, 2023-04) Nofriani, Nisa; Roza, Rodesia MustikaActinomycetes is a gram-positive bacteria that produce various secondary metabolites such as antibiotics. Secondary metabolites can use to control microbial pathogen such as Staphylococcus aureus. Actinomycetes isolates had been isolated from Vegetable Garden Soil of Pekanbaru city namely isolates M1.T1, M1.T3, M1.T4 and M1.T5. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal secondary metabolite time used by actinomycetes isolate from Vegetable Garden Soil to inhibit the grows of Staphylococcus aureus. Optimization of secondary metabolites production time was done by incubation until 14 days. The test method used to examine antibacterial activity was disc diffusion method. The optimum incubation period in producing secondary metabolite in isolate actinomycetes against Staphylococcus aureus is on the M1.T1 isolated the 3rd day incubation with inhibiton of 18,8±0,1 mm, on the M1.T3 isolated the 8th day incubation with inhibition of 12,3±0,2 mm, on the M1.T4 and M1.T5 isolated the 9th day incubation with each inhibition of 10,6±0,2 and 18,8±0,1 mm. The diameter of the inhibition zone formed was compared with the tetracylcline and produced antibacterial activity criteria of actinomycetes isolates that were resistant, intermediate and sensitive.Item UJI TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TIGA JENIS GULMA POTENSIAL SEBAGAI TUMBUHAN OBAT DENGAN METODE BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) DAN DPPH (2,2-difenil-1- pikrilhidrazil)(Elfitra, 2023-04) Anisa, Fara; Fitmawati, FitmawatiThe three potential weeds, Asystasia gangetica, Artemisia vulgaris and Ruellia tuberosa, tend to be ignored because they are considered as plants that live in unwanted or disturbing places. Weed plants contain antioxidant compounds as such useful for environment change adapt. However, phytochemical characterization data as basic data in the development of this plant as a medicinal material is not yet available. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on toxicity tests and antioxidant activity on three weeds using methanol solvent. The study was conducted in vivo with BSLT method using Artemia salina larvae to obtain half-maximal lethality concentration (LC50) and with DPPH method using microplate reader to obtain Inhibition concentration (IC50). The results showed that the leaf and stem extracts of Artemisia vulgaris showed the character of cytotoxic ability with LC50 values of 0.0342 ppm respectively and the leaf and stem extracts of Ruellia tuberosa LC50 values of 0.0584 ppm while extracts of leaves and stems of mixed Asystasia gangetica showed low toxic and non-toxic character 336.584 ppm. The results of testing the antioxidant activity of the three weeds Asystasia gangetica are 110.9 ppm, IC50 values in mixed leaf and stem extracts of Artemisia vulgaris are 148 ppm. The IC50 values of leaf and stem extracts of Ruellia tuberosa are 17 ppm, indicating that the three weeds no potential as antioxidant activity.Item POLA AKTIVITAS HARIAN LEBAH KELULUT (Tetrigona apicalis) DALAM PEMELIHARAAN DI DESA TANJUNG SARI, KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MERANTI(Elfitra, 2023-03) Anggraini, Novia; Muhammad, AhmadThe productivity of stingless bees (kelulut) can be indicated from the high activity carried out by kelulut bees (Tetrigona apicalis). In carrying out flying activities, it is suspected that kelulut bees are influenced by environmental factors, one of which is the microclimatic conditions (air temperature and humidity). This research was carried out in Tanjung Sari Village, which is in the Meranti Islands Regency, Riau Province. Observations were made on 18 colonies which were divided into three categories of colonies namely "Productive," "Less productive," and "Not productive" for three consecutive days every hour from 06.00 am to 18.00 pm. The results showed the activity of the kelulut bees was recorded to increase in the temperature range of 24-30 ℃ and the humidity range of 80-95% but at temperatures above 30 ℃ and the humidity below 80% the activity of the kelulut bees decreased, this indicates that the activity of the kelulut bees is influenced by environmental conditions, especially air temperature and air humidity.Item PENGARUH FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MANGROVE DI DESA API-API KECAMATAN BANDAR LAKSAMANA KABUPATEN BENGKALIS(Elfitra, 2023-02) Khumaira, Siti; Yahya, Vanda JulitaMangroves are an important ecosystem for the coastal area at Api-Api Village due to their ability to withstand coastal abrasion. Composition and structure of the mangrove vegetation on the shoreline at Api-Api Village is threatened, caused by natural and human factors. This study aimed to determine the effect of environmental factors on the structure of the mangrove community in Api-Api Village using a purposive sampling method with three observation transects. The data collected included temperature, salinity, water pH, humidity, light intensity, canopy cover, tides, and rainfall. Result of this study showed that environmental factors fall into the normal category and are suitable for the growth of the mangrove community structure in Api-Api Village.Item PENYEBARAN STRATA POHON MANGROVE DI DESA API-API, KECAMATAN BANDAR LAKSAMANA, KABUPATEN BENGKALIS(Elfitra, 2023-02) Triafani, Riska; Khairijon, KhairijonMangroves are very productive forests, have high diversity and play an important role in the ecosystem. This study aimed to determine the distribution of mangrove tree strata in Api-Api Village, Bengkalis Regency. This study used survey method. Experimental plots were determined by purposive sampling with a plot size of 10 m x 10 m. Results of the study found eight families. The study also analyzed secondary data such as type of substrate, salinity, pH, temperature and light intensity. Those environmental factors influence the distribution of mangrove tree strata in Api-Api Village, Bengkalis Regency. R. apiculata species were distributed throughout the zone, E. agallocha was grown in the middle and back zones, while the species N. fructicans was only found in the back zone.