Abstract:
White jabon bark (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) has a high chemical content of
cellulose and lignin so it has the potential to be used as an adsorbent to adsorb lead(II)
metal ions. This research aims to determine the efficiency and adsorption capacity of
white Jabon bark activated charcoal in adsorbing lead(II) metal ions, determine the
kinetic model and adsorption isotherm. White jabon bark charcoal is made using a
carbonization process at a temperature of 800℃ for 90 minutes and activated with a
NaOH solution with varying ratios of charcoal and activator 1:1 ;1:2 ;1:3; 1:4 and 1:5
(w/ b). Characterization of activated charcoal refers to SNI 06-3730-1995. The
functional groups of activated charcoal were analyzed using FTIR, the morphology of
activated charcoal and the elemental composition of activated charcoal were analyzed
using SEM-EDS. The concentration of lead(II) metal ions was analyzed using AAS.
The charcoal yield obtained was 15.7247%. The results of the activated charcoal
characterization showed that the water content was 1.23%, the ash content was 4.29%,
the iodine adsorption capacity was 647,5453 mg/g and the methylene blue adsorption
capacity was 24.3776 mg/g with a surface area of 90.3853 m2g. FTIR results show that
the functional groups of white jabon bark activated charcoal are aromatic C=C, C=C
stretching, C-H stretching aliphatic, C≡C, N-H and O-Pb. The best adsorption
conditions were obtained at pH 6, contact time 40 minutes and adsorbate concentration
140 mg/L with an efficiency of 99.872% and an adsorption capacity of 6.623 mg/g.
Based on the SEM-EDS test results, it is known that activated charcoal contains the
elements C, O, Ca and P.
