SINTESIS KATALIS K2O/CaO YANG DI HIDRASI DAN DEHIDRASI SERTA APLIKASINYA PADA TRANSESTERIFIKASI CPO DENGAN VARIASI SUHU REAKSI
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Date
2023-01
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Elfitra
Abstract
CaO catalyst is a heterogeneous base catalyst which has been widely used in biodiesel
synthesis. Hydration-dehydration is one of the newest methods in the synthesis of CaO
catalysts which is considered quite efficient in increasing biodiesel yield. The purpose of this
research is to synthesize K2O/CaO catalyst using KOH-impregnated hydration-dehydration
method in biodiesel production and to characterize the catalyst using XRD (X-Ray
Diffraction) to determine the type of mineral and crystal size as well as the crystanillity of
the catalyst. Transesterification is a reaction between oil and methanol to produce FAME
(Fatty Acid Metil Ester). The catalyst was tested in biodiesel synthesis with variations in
reaction temperature (50, 55, 60, 65oC). As for the optimum conditions produced, the
maximum yield of biodiesel is 83.03% using a catalyst K2O/CaO (3%K) with a purity of
96.95% obtained under the condition of a mole:oil ratio of 1:6, catalyst weight of 3% (w/w),
reaction time of 3 hours, stirring speed of 500 rpm, and reaction temperature of 60oC. The
characteristics of biodiesel produced in this study are water content of 0,05% (%v/v),
specific gravity of 870,9 kg/m3, viscosity of 3,2 mm2/s, carbon residue of 0,28%, acid
number of 0,49 mg KOH g-1 and lathering number of 217,398 mg KOH g-1. In general, the
characteristics of biodiesel have occupy SNI 04-7182-2015 except carbon residues. Based on
the results of the study, it shows that K2O/CaO is a good catalyst used in the
transesterification process for biodiesel production.
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Keywords
biodiesel, K2O/CaO catalyst, transesterification
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