4. International Seminar of Fisheries and Marine (2ndISFM 2013)
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Item Effect of ovaprim and prostaglandine F2α on semen volume and sperm quality in Sepat siam (Trichogaster pectoralis Regan)(2016-04-02) Sukendi, Sukendi; Putra, Ridwan Manda; Heltonika, BennyThe effects of ovaprim and prostaglandine F2α (PG F2α) on semen volume and sperm quality in sepat siam (Trichogaster pectoralis Regan) were observed. Eighteen wild cought male fishes were injected with three combinations of ovaprim and prostaglandine F2α (0,250 ml ovaprim + 1250 μg PG F2α/kg body weight, P1), 0,375 ml ovaprim + 625 μg PGF2α /kg body weight, P2), 0,125 ml ovaprim + 1875 μg PG F2α/kg body weight, P3), and two other individual hormones, ovaprim ( 0,50 ml ovaprim/kg body weight, P4) and PG F2α (2500 μg PG F2α/kg body weight, P5), and control (1 ml NaCl 0.9%, P6). The best result was presented by the combination of 0.250 ml ovaprim + 1250 μg prostaglandine F2α per kg body weight (P1), which the semen volume, spermatozoa concentration, spermatozoa viability and spermatozoa motility were 0.163 ml, 18.167 x 109/ml, 81.50% and 79.833 % respectively.Item Histological Structure of Gill, Kidney and Liver of Ompok hypopthalmus Captured in The Upstream and downstream of The Siak River, Riau(2016-04-02) Windarti; Putra, Ridwan Manda; Ardiansyah, MuhammadOmpok hypopthalmus (Siluridae) is commonly inhabit the Siak River. This river is relatively polluted as there are human activities present in the riverside along the river and the pollutant produced flown to the river. Due to pullutant accumulation, water quality in the downstream of the river may be worse than that of the upstream. As water quality affects the health status of fish, the health condition of fish living in the upstream and downstream of the river might be different and it may be reflected in the histological structure of main organs of the fish. To understand the difference of histological structure of the gill, kidney and liver of O. hypopthalmus, a study has been conducted. Fish samples were captured from the upstream and downstream of the river. Gill, kidney and liver tissue was processed for histological study (formalin fixed, alcohol series processed and HE stained). Results indicate that the histological structure of the fish from both sampling areas showing abnormality symptoms. In the gill tissue of fish from both areas, most of secondary lamella are fused and abnormality symptoms such as hyperplasia, hypertrophy and necrosis are present. In the kidney and liver tissues, there are hemorrhage, mineralization and cell degeneration. The kidney and liver of fish from the downstream shown more mineralization spots than that of the upstream. These data suggested that the fish living in the upstream and downstream of the Siak River have been exposed to relatively polluted water that negatively affects their health in generalItem Economic Analysis of Mangrove Forest Over Land Functions Into Plantation in Damas Beach Trenggalek Regency(2016-04-02) Purwanti, Pudji; Susilo, Edi; Indrayani, ErlindaExtensive coastal mangrove forests in diminishing Damas in a span of over 10 years due to the function of mangrove land into plantations. The purpose of this study is to assess the economic benefits of mangrove forests surrounding community as well as analyze the plantations of the mangrove land has shifted function. In economics, mangrove forests still have economic value that can be enjoyed by the community. Direct use value can be identified from the catch of white shrimp, crab and green shells. And indirect use values of mangrove forests can be calculated on the basis of biological functions, retaining intrusion and coastal protection. Transfer of benefits mangrove forests into plantations conflict. Moreover, management of mangrove ecosystems has not been done in a professional manner. Institutional governing mangrove forest in the Coast Damas experiencing good growth in personal and systems, and the latter is part of the Community Cluster Monitor. Yet still the violation is harvesting plants and conversion of land for agriculture. The decline in mangrove area and is caused by the opening of coconut plantations and agriculture, which is conducted by a group of people who in the name of the group PHBM (Pengelola Hutan Bersama Masyarakat). From the results of research is recommended to explore the local rule-making in the form of village rules that govern the organization of society to the mangrove deforestation could be reducedItem Fishing Ground and Fish Estimation of Fish Potency of Bengkalis Waters Riau Province(2016-04-02) Rengi, Pareng; Tang, Usman; Siregar, Yusni IkhwanA study on fishing ground and estimation of maximum sustainable yield of fish from Bengkalis waters were conducted during October - November 2012. Environmental condition of the fishing ground were examined and analyzed in-situ as well as exsitu, for physical and chemical properties. The hydroacoustic method (Mitson, 1983) were performed to estimate the presence of fish biomass including pelagic and demersal fish. The fish composition of fish catch were described from fish catch. The proportion of pelagic and demersal fish in coastal waters of Bengkalis approximately 50%-50%. Based on consideration that fishing and natural mortality of 50%, the stock of pelagic fish and demersal revealed 2,1 and 89 tons, respectively. It was suggested that allowed fish catch of pelagic should not exceed 10 pounds/month, providing that fishing period of 12 months. Likewise, the demersal fish should not exceed the amount of 38 pounds/monthItem The Current Speed, Depth and Catch Per Unit Effort of Bottom Gill Net in Southern Bulukumba Coast, South Sulawesi(2016-04-02) Musbir; SudirmanThe objective of this study was to analyses catch per unit effort of bottom gill net related to current speed and water depth in southern Bulukumba coast, South Sulawesi. The study was conducted from April 2010 to November 2011. Fish catches were monitored to describe the predominant species caught. The length of gill net was 500 m and depth 5 m. Mesh size was 6 cm and shortening 45 %. Total catch was decrease with increase current speed. The highest catch was occurred in current speed 0.08 msec-1. In contras, the lowest catch was occurred in current speed 0.31 msec-1. Altogether 13 species were identified from 4 fishing efforts of bottom gill net. The average catch per unit effort per day in fishing ground with less than 20 m in depth was 21.2 kg. On the other hand, in more than 40 m in depth was 30.2 kg. Total catch was strongly related to water depth.Item An Improvement of Carcass Quality of Harvested Cage Cultured Catfish (Mystus nemurus) by Increasing Protein Level in the Diets(2016-03-31) Hasan, Bustari; Suharman, Indra; Desmelati; Iriani, DianTwo diets containing 40% protein, P/E ratio 1.30 g/kcal (high protein) and 34% protein, P/E 1.07 g/kcal (low protein), which produced the best growth at our previous experiment, were fed to Mystus catfish to determine their carcass quality. The fish ranging from 40.14 g to 42.64 g in size was grown in commercial fish cages (4x4x1.5 m) at a density of 50 fish per m3 for 90 days. The fish were fed the experimental diets at libitum twice daily, at 9.00 and 16.00. The harvested fish was evaluated for carcass quality characteristics and growth performance. Edible flash, dressing percentage and water holding capacity of harvested fish were higher for the fish fed higher protein diet than that for lower protein diet (P<0.05); but carcass waste was higher for the fish fed lower protein diet than that for higher protein diet (P<0.05). There was no significant different in hematosomatic index between the two fish groups (P>0.05). Proximate composition of the harvested fish was significantly different between fish fed higher and lower protein diet, except moisture. Protein and ash composition was higher for fish fed higher protein diet than that fed lower protein diet (P<0.05), however, fat composition was higher for the fish fed lower protein diet than for that fed higher protein diet (P<0.05). The fish fed higher protein diet consumed less feed but more protein (P<0.05); however, feed and protein efficiency as well as protein retention were not different between the two fish groups (P>0.05). Weight gain was higher for fish fed lower protein diet but protein gain was higher for fish fed higher protein diet (P>0.05).Item Sound Characteristics by Individual Terapon jorbua: The Basic of Bioacoustic Identification for Conservation Purposes(2016-03-31) Amron; Kumoro; Hanafi; Hestirianoto; JuterzenkaTerapon jorbua which is an endogenous species in Indonesia had a serious threat due to water temperature increases as the impact of global climate change. Conservation as an effort to minimize this impact requires comprehensive information regarding various aspects of fish, including biacoustic. Passive acoustic method that using hydrophone has had been used to identify the sound characteristics of three individual fishes (total length 6, 9, and 12 cm) in aquaria at the laboratory conditions. Individual Terapon jorbua was detected produced sound at frequency in a few kilohertz with a short duration, and spectral peak above -50 dB. These characteristics are as the initial information in a series of bioacoustic identification for conservation purposes.Item The Role of Women on Economic Activities and Their Contribution to Household Income of The Traditional Fisheries in West Sumatra(2016-03-31) Zein, AlfianThe objective of this study is to analyze the role of women on the household economy of the traditional fisheries in West Sumatra. The study was conducted in mid year of 2012 to the-90 respondents of women; consisting of fish products processors, traders and women workers for each 30 respondents in the 2 (two) locations of Padang Municipality and Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatra. Analyses were performed by using descriptive, qualitative and GAP analysis.The results of study indicated that women (wife of fishermen) working in the traditional fishery spent most of their time for about 5.80 hours per-day (or of about 139 hours/months). They were able to give contribution to household income on average 27.33% of the total. There are several factors that effects on the contribution to household income, namely; level education of women and working time allocation. To increase the household economic activities of the traditional fisheries in the coastal line areas, endorsement from the government and private sectors in terms of employment and other business opportunities are very important, both fishery sector and other sectors.Item Separability of Mangrove Landcover by Using RapidEye Satellite Imagery(2016-03-31) Oktorini; Jhonnerie; MiswadiRapidEye satellite imagery was used to classify two schemes of coastal landcover in Liong River, Bengkalis Island. Transformed divergence were used due to separability analysis and accuracy of convergence matrices was used kappa’s test. Two landcover classification schemes were used. The first scheme consist of 8 classes and 26 band combination of RapidEye classification result were not promised, especially when mangrove class paired with the forest and rubber plantation classes. The other scheme shownthe better solution since it has three classes (mangrove, waters body and others).Item Marine Resources Degradation on the Eastern Part of Rupat Strait based on the Sedimentological Aspects Poin of View(2016-03-31) Rifardi; Wau, Visius Uracha S; Tumpal; Girsang, Edy JThe main purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between degradation of merine resources and sedimentary enviroments based on sediment characteristics and oceangraphic. The obtained data are all based on analysis results of grab, acumulated and core samples taken from the Eastern Part of Rupat Strait in East Coast of Somatera Island. Bottom sediment samples were collected at 30 stations in the strait using grab sampler, 3 stations using sediment trap and 9 stations by gravity corer in June 2013. The samples were used for mechanical grain size analysis, ignition loss method, and grain-sand composition analysis. In addition, concentration of total suspended sediment from the 30 stations are also analized. The Eastern Part of Rupat Strait can be subdivided into three areas based on the general trend of sediment characteristics and oeanographic obersevation as following: 1) the area along coast of Sumatera Island from west to east in the strait is characterized by fine-grained sediments, the highest total suspended sediments, and dominantly terrigeneous sediments under influence of rather weak longshore currents and poorly sorted and high content organic matter sediments discharged by rivers, 2) the middle area of the strait from west to east characterized by rahther fine-grained sediments, high total suspended sediments, and high biogeneous sediments. The area may correspond to the boundary between the waters masses derived from Rupat Island and of from east coast of Sumatera Island, and 3) the area along coast of Rupat Island from west to east in the strait is characterized by coarse-grained sediments, low contents of total suspended sediments, and rather high biogeneous sediments eventhought low content of organic matter sediments, under influence of strong longshore currents. Judging from the distribution pattern of sedimentological aspects and of oceanographic characteristics, marine resources of the Eastern Part of Rupat Strait tend to be degraded namely the area along coast of Sumatera Island showing high degradation, the middle area of the strait is rather high, and the area along coast of Rupat Island indicated low degradation.Item Utilization of Freshwater Snail Meal in Paste Feed as a Protein Source for Growth and Survival Rate of Baung (Hemibagrus nemurus) Larvae(2016-03-31) Aryani, Netti; Suharman, Indra; Adelina; Sari, Mira RahmitaA research was conducted from Januaryt until March 2013 at Fish Hatchery and Breeding Laboratory, Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty Riau University. Its aim was to evaluate replacement of protein source from fish meal (FM) to freshwater snail meal (FSM) on Baung larval rearing. Combination of the diet used in this study were: P0 (0% FSM, 100% FM), P1 (25% FSM, 75% FM), P3 (50% FSM, 50% FM), P4 (75% FSM, 25%FM), and P5 (100%FSM, 0% FM). The larvae were reared in 15 litre aquarium for 40 days at stocking density 2 larvae/l. Feeding was given 3 times/day. Freshwater snail flour can be replaced fish meal as a protein source paste feed in fish larvae rearing of Baung. Replacement of freshwater snail meal to fish meal can be done up to 50-100% resulting weight growth 0.89 to 1.16 g, length growth rate 3.7 to 4.0 cm, specific growth rate 9.52 to 10.19% and survival rate 69-75%.A 100% freshwater snail meal was the the most efficient paste feed to produce 40 days green catfish larvae.Item The Characteristic of Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase 1 Gene of Kryptopterus apogon (Bleeker, 1851)(2016-03-31) Elvyra; DuryadiA study on sequence in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene of Kryptopterus apogon from Indragiri River of Riau Province In Indonesia has been conducted. This is a preliminary research on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase 1 gene as molecular marker to obtain species diversity and and phylogenetic relationship on Kryptopterus from Indragiri River. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) technique was applied to amplify cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene of 655 bp. The partial sequence of cytochrome c oxydase 1 gene was put on multiple alligment with other fishes in Siluriformes and Kryptopterus apogon from GenBank. Multiple alignment and analyzed using MEGA program version 3.0. Genetic distance based on nucleotide of cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene among Kryptopterus apogon (Indragiri river) and Kryptopterus apogon (GenBank) was 0.076. Their nucleotide substitutions consist of 42 nucleotide transitions and five nucleotide transversions. The phylogenetic relationship using Neighbor Joining method based on the sequence of nucleotide cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene among Kryptopterus apogon (Indragiri river) and Kryptopterus apogon (GenBank) form one phylogeny cluster with high bootstrap value.Item Environmental Implication of Dumping Waste on Marine Ecosystem(2016-03-31) Dhahiyat, YayatBased on law and government regulation of Republic of Indonesia dumping waste is prohibited. Law No. 32/2009 on the Protection and Management of Environment stated that any person prohibited from dumping deliberate wastes and/or materials to the environment without permission. However some activities on mining and exploration and production of petroleum as well as dredging of port pond activities at Indonesian marine ecosystem still conducted with permission from the Ministry of Environment. There are some potential impact of dumping wastes on marine ecosystem such as physical disturbance to sea bed, physical and chemical disturbance to water column, organism-level effects for example acute/or chronic toxicity, effects on growth and reproduction, ecological/ecosytem level responses, and human resources use for example aesthetic effects.This paper will explain the activities of mining and exploration and production of petroleum at the Indonesian sea and potential effects on marine ecosystem such as sensitive area (coral reef, sea grass bed, mangrove ecosystem), migration of mammal sea, the area of capture fisheries, and transportation lane in the sea. The specific activities of mining is tailing wastes from gold mining, while exploration and production petroleum activites is dumping of drilling cutting, drilling fluid and drilling mud on the sea.Item Optimalization of Water for Nursery and Rearing of Catfish (Mystus nemurus C.V)(2016-03-31) Mulyadi; Pamukas, Niken AyuThe study on the effect of resirculation system using various filter materials and aquaponic toward water quality has been carried out. Several filter materials used were carried out into four kinds. namely aquarium using aerators (control). aquarium using silt, gravels and palm fiber (resirculation), aquarium using mustard greens (aquaponic system), aquarium using spons (resirculation). The results of the study showed that different filter materials were significantly affecting nitrate and nitrite concentration in the catfish culture media. It was invented that treatment of resirculation system combining with aquaponic system could increased water quality parameters such as CO2 (7.99 - 11.98 mg/L), NH3 (0.02 - 0.07 mg/L), NO2 (2.43 - 0.02 mg/L), NO3 (4.32 - 0.04mg/L) respectively, but the other water quality parameters were not differ significantly. The best results were achieved at the same treatment namely absolute growth (4.01 grams), daily growth rates (1.96 %) and survival rates (91.11 %) respectively.Item Wave Surface Simulation on Optimized Fishing Vessel Hullform(2016-03-31) Hutauruk, Ronald Mangasi; Rengi, ParengThis reseach discuss wave surface simulation on vessel from the optimization hullform. Principal dimension of vessel is LBP 14,0 m; B 2,8 m; H 2,4 m and T 1 m. Optimization method’s use software aplication namely Solver as provided by Microsoft Excel. The objective function is to minimize its resistant after mother vessel is modified . Hullform is formed by measure its dimension in longitudinal, tranverse and horizontal position. After the smallest resistant is found, motion of the vessel in sea water as hydrodynamics performance is made in numerical simulation by using Hullspeed. All the wave contour will be presented as a response of the vessels in facing the wave.Item Species Composition and Its Abundance of Mudskipper Fish from Dumai Coast, Riau, Indonesia(2016-03-31) Samiaji, Joko; Efriyeldi; Christina, RenyThe study to observe the species composition and its abundance on mudskipper fish was conducted in June-September 2013 in Dumai coastal waters of Riau Province, Indonesia. The study was carried out in providing the lack information on the biological aspects of the mudskipper from Indonesian seas in general, and of Riau's coasts in particular. The study used a survey method by selecting 3 different stations as the sampling sites. Fish samples were collected during the low tide. The quadrants were used in the field in facilitating the survey in fish abundance, whilst the identification was commenced in the Laboratory of Marine Biology of University of Riau. The results showed that a number of three species of mudskipper were successfully recorded, i.e. Baleophthalmus boddarti (Pall), Periopthalmodon schlosseri dan Periopthalmus variabilis (Eggert). In terms of abundance, the highest, 16 individuals /m2 was recorded in station I and the lowest, 9 individuals/m2, was found in station III. Based on the diversity index (H'), it was reported that the the Dumai coast had moderate diversity of the mudskipper. None of the fish was dominating the population since the dominance index (C) was very close to null from each station. It can be concluded that the habitats of mudskipper in Dumai coasts were in the state of unstable due to its E value in which also close to null.Item Election and Characteristics of Probiotic Bacteria Indonesia Original of Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Based on Sequens 16S rDNA Technique(2016-03-31) Feliatra; Yoswaty, Dessy; Lukystyowaty, IsyeThis research was conducted from January to July 2011 and aims to selected the species of probiotic bacteria and molecular characteristics along with to observe phylogenetic from bacteria identified based on sequens 16S rDNA technique. The bacteria were isolated from intestine of the Tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) to got from fishfond at BBPBAP Jepara. Isolate of bacteria and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) aplicated in the integrated Fish Health and Enviromental Laboratory at BBPBAP Jepara. The purified and sequenced of DNA were done in Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, Jakarta. The analized result of 16S rDNA shown that 3 bacterial species may be potential as probiotic. There were A Isolate was Bacillus bataviensis strain FNS09, B Isolate was Bacillus bataviensis strain FNS09. Two this isolate out of analized BLAST had homology 97% with Bacillus bataviensis strain CCGE2059 bacteria according to analyses phylogenetic the three bacteria to shown genetic relationship. C Isolate was very likely a new species Caulobacter sp with strain FNS09 and according to phylogenetic to own ancestors with Chromobacterium violaceum bacteria. These bacteria grow well at pH 2 and this indicates one of probiotic bacteria characteristic.Item Using Daphnia carinata KING on Toxicity Test Pre and Post Phytoremediation of Oily Sludge(2016-03-31) Rossiana, NiaThe performance of a bioremediation of oily sludge process can be determined by measuring the reduction of contaminant concentrations and by assessing the treatment's ability to lower toxicity. Land treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soil from oily sludge. Acute toxicity, as measured by the Daphnia survival assay, testing bioremediation medium is very necessary for the health of the soil and water from the pollutants. Bioremediation of oily sludge using bacteria (pre) and post phytoremediation decline in levels of TPH. Although toxic levels decreased, urgent toxicity tests on organisms to determine of bioremediation are safe for the environment. The aim of this research is to observe acute toxicity level LC50-48 hours medium of oily sludge composted by bacteria, post phytoremediation and influence to reproduction of Daphnia carinata King. To get LC50-48 hours value, used static bioassay according to standard of APHA (1995) counted with Minitab Probit Analysis. For chronic toxicity test medium of oily sludge prae and post phytoremediation to reproduction of D. carinata King, counted the total of neonates D. carinata King during 21 days. The result showed that LC50-48 hour’s value of medium of oily sludge prae phytoremediation is amount 1043,69 ppm and post phytoremediation is amount 4728, 7 ppm. For chronic toxicity test, total of neonates Daphnia carinata King in medium of oily sludge pre phytoremediation is amount 34 neonates with frequency of brood 4-6 times and the size 0,75 mm. While post phytoremediation is amount 37 neonates of brood are 5-7 times and the size 0,77 mmItem Factors Influencing the Distribution of Bivalve at Intertidal Zone of The Sungai Nipah, The Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatera(2016-03-30) Elizal; Tanjung, AfrizalThis study has been done in March 2013. It aimed to find out the factors that have influenced on the distribution of bivalves in the intertidal zone of Sungai Nipah bay. The purposive sampling method was used to choose three stations at the intertidal zones of the bay.The occurrences of bivalves and the frequencies of disturbanceswere recorded. Other parameters on the sites were also measured either in the field or in the lab. As a result, there were 21 species found in the area understudy. Other findings were: 1) the further the sites from the coast line, the more abundance the animals were, 2) opposite to the organic content in the sandy substrate, the increase of both current speed and disturbances, had shown influence on the decrease of abundance; although there was no different distribution pattern between the stations observed. Other parameters on the habitats showed there were no influence on the abundance and the distribution pattern