3. International Seminar On Ecology, Human Habitat And Environmental Change In The Malay World Tahun 2014

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Strategy of Coastal Communities Development Based on Bono Tourism Development (Tidal Bore) in Pelalawan Regency
(2016-11-07) Hidir, Ahmad
This research has two objectives, they are: (a) to formulate suitable empowerment effort for local people around Bono tourism area as early step to advance and prepare them in facing tourism in their area and (b) to formulate anticipatory step towards the existence of resistance from local people as impact of their economic urgency. The location of the research is purposively chosen in sub district teluk Meranti in Pelalawan regency because the condition of this area which has already been main Bono tourism development (tidal bore). This research applies qualitative approach in order to understand individual phenomenon in searching, finding and describing people’s behavior in terms of their readiness in facing tourism development in their area. The collected data then analyzed with interactive model. The result of the study found that people were not fully ready with the development of bono tourism and there is cultural shock in the community. So it will be understandable that then there is resistance potential in the community. That is why community empowerment model become urgent to be formulated and need to be applied in order to make people ready and to anticipate constructive resistance towards bono tourism development.
Adaptive Reuse of Several Historical Buildings in Kuala Lumpur as Museums
(2016-11-07) Jamal, Daeng Haliza Daeng
Malaysia is a country rich with historical buildings, most of which are part of the national heritage. However, many of such buildings that are located across the country have been ignored in recent years. Realizing the importance and potential of such buildings towards the country's growth, these buildings have been renovated and adapted to be reused again for a wide range of functions, particularly in the vicinity of Kuala Lumpur. Generally, most of these restored historic buildings have been converted into museums, business premises, offices, restaurants, residential houses or even for public use. This paper aims to identify and focus on a few of the historical buildings in Kuala Lumpur which have been adapted to be converted into museums. Apart from being a source of reference and learning, the uniqueness of the Museum architecture serves as a symbol of the historical identity of Kuala Lumpur that could draw the attention of tourists. Furthermore, this paper aims to elevate the importance of historical buildings in developing the country’s potential in tourism through the promotion of heritage tourism
A Real Efforts to Avoid Smoke Claim to Indonesia From the Neighborhood Countries
(2016-11-07) Erdi
Its difficult to argue that the Province of West Kalimantan (WK) is one of the areas that exist in producing smoke in the event of drought. Combustion is not only done on the farm, but also in residential areas. Environmental clean-up activities done by the people in the dry season, is always followed by combustion activities, ranging from household waste burn to grass or bush burn. Thus simultanously, make smoke become a problem not only for the people of West Kalimantan, but also for people in neighboring countries. But then, the plantation and forestry sector is considered as the main culprit of the onset of the smoke and be prolonged paradox. Not only WK who became industrial smoke in the Southeast Asian region. There are still as many as 13 provinces were equally strong existence with WKr in producing smoke. There are NAD, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Riau, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung, Jambi, South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung, South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. Existence smog, was not only due to the absence of local regulations on the prohibition of burning, but also not touching the interests of farmers in developing palm oil that owned by the people. When the government issued prohibit burn policy, the industrial estates will obey that regulation, but not for the people. When the local regulation is not accommodating the interests of farmers, the burning activity is become a smart choice to reduce the production costs and this phenomenon will be occurs along time and never be ending. In the local level, it turns out there are people who do not apply the fires in their plantation activities. There is a custom concept successfully applied on an ongoing basis into the plantation business by a local group in West Kalimantan. Apparently, it could be put as the good practices of local communities, can be developed to initiate Indonesia without smog in the next drought.
Effect of Different Plant Spacing to Weed Composition and Lowland Rice Yield in Sobari and Conventional Irrigation Methods
(2016-11-07) ntralina, Merry A; Kantikowati, Endang; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Simarmata, Tualar
The research was aimed to assess the Effect of different plant spacing to weed composition and lowland rice yield in SOBARI and conventional irrigation methods . The experiment has been conducted in Farmers Groups Sadang Mukti, Sadang Sari Village, Bandung District, West Java at 668 m above sea level , from April 2013 to July 2013. It was arranged as split plot design, consist of two factors, : irrigation methods factor (M) was set up as main plot, irrigation methods in SOBARI (m1) and conventional (m2). Subplot is plant spacing factor (J), which consists of four levels of factors, namely: (30 x 35) cm, (30 x 25) cm, (35 x 35) cm, and (30 x 30) cm. The results showed that there was interaction between irrigation method and plant spacing on the value of the domination number of weeds, weed dry weight and yield of rice plants , dominant weeds in treatment SOBARI method of irrigation were more than conventional treatment , weed dry weight and yield of rice plants in treatment-SOBARI method of irrigation with spacing of 35 cm x 35 cm had greater than the other treatments.
Diplomacy Model of Riau Malay Kingdoms
(2016-11-07) Saeri, Muhammad
This paper is based on research which conducted in 2012. The research is a part of diplomacy study that focused on diplomacy history of Riau Malay Kingdoms. The main objective of this research is traced diplomacy model wich had been practiced in Riau Malay Kingdoms since 14th century until 19th century. The study area is Riau Province with sample locations are Pekanbaru City, Kampar, Pelalawan, and Siak Sri Inderapura. This research is based on documents and in-depth interviews on several key informants from the sample locations who are well versed about Riau Malay Kingdoms history. Result of this research shows that diplomacy model which developed in Riau Kingdoms are not based on treaty with other countries, but tend more to diplomatical contact based on political-security, ecconomic or trade, and cultural interest. This diplomatic model than push Riau Malay Kingdoms in to cooperative, accomodative, and conflict relationship with other countries surounding them.
The Cham Boat Habitat
(2016-11-07) Musa, Mohamad Zain; Samian, Abdul Latif
The Cham people now living in Cambodia are descendants of the once famous kingdom of Champa (192-1835). Champa is part of the present day Vietnam. In Cambodia the Cham dwell in many types of houses which are called the “One, two or three … roof houses”. The largest is the “Seven roof houses” usually built by and for the well to do families. Other types of the Cham houses are known as Sang Pet, Sang Ketang and Gaiy Sang. The objective of this paper, which is a series of my research writing on the Cham houses in Cambodia, is to give a brief description of the types of the houses mentioned above and the description of the Habitat of the so called “boat people”, people living in “gaiy sang, house boat” which differs from the “boat house” meant for housing racing boats. The focus will be on the living habitat of the families living all their lives on gaiy sang raising up their children and what will hold for the future of their offspring.
GAPKI Efforts in Facing Greenpeance Anti-Palm Oil Campaign in Indonesia
(2016-11-07) Jamaan, Ahmad; Sasmita, Dini Tiara
This research aim to see Indonesian Palm Oil Association (GAPKI) facing Greenpeace anti-palm oil campaign in Indonesia. From 2007 Greenpeace has campaigning againts Indonesian palm oil products that accused by Greenpeace has destroy peatland and rainforest, pushing orang-utans closer to the brink of extinction and accelerating climate change. Greenpeace has done many direct demontration in Indonesia in their effort to seek attention not only from Indonesian government but also from people around the world. They had try many ways to persuade multinational coorperation to stop buy Indonesian palm oil by released many publication that contain material about destruction of rainforest and peatlands conducted by Indonesian palm oil industryf. Greenpeace palm oil campaign has gave many impact to palm oil industries in Indonesia such as breaking contract of Indonesia palm oil purchased agreement by multinational coorperation by one side in 2010, appearance of EU Renewable Energy, new regulation in Europe who prohibit usage of palm oil in making of biofuel in 2012, additional cost in exporting palm oil to overseas, and worse is declining reputation of palm oil products as a good staple around the world. This research used Qualitative analysis. Theory used in this research is GOs are used by nations theory by McCormick and Kihl (1979). Greenpeace accusing development of Indonesian palm oil plantation harms environment and brings Indonesia become the third largest country who produce gas emission after US and China. Some people of Indonesia believe that Greenpeace were brings others interest. The writer used data which was collected from books, encyclopedia, journal, and website to analyze the research. Considering many negative impact that felt by palm oil farmer and enterpreneur of Indonesia, GAPKI choose to make more effort to face Greenpeace anti-palm oil campaign. This effort including manage Palm oil conference, advocate palm oil through Indonesian Embassy in overseas, formulating Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil, developing industry based on Crude Palm Oil and revitalitation program of palm oil plantation. This research is trying to see how GAPKI deal with Greenpeace campaign in their effort to save palm oil reputation around the world.
Thee Influence of Environmental Adaptation on Orang Seletar Cultures
(2016-11-07) Ahmad, Amir; Isa, Hamid Mohd
Environment strongly influences human life. Environment would determine the form of human cultureand has influenced the survival of human life. Orang Seletar, like other people of Orang Laut puts theirlife in ocean environment that formed a unique culture. Their lifestyle is really different from the peopleliving in mainland. From the ethnoarchaelogical fieldwork, it showed that Orang Seletar is a maritimecommunity based on their adaptation to their environment of mangroves, sea shore and sea. Thisadaptation has influenced their culture and could be seen in their settlement and economic pattern, typesof dietary and subsistence, material culture and their belief system. This article will discuss howenvironment has influenced the culture of Orang Seletar. The discussion consists of the environmentadaptation on the types of economic patterns, dietary and subsistence, material culture and their beliefsystem. The research was conducted through archeological surveys, ethnographic fieldwork and dataanalyses.
Local Government and Politics (Case Study in Gold Mining Without Permission Kuantan Singingi Years in District 2013-2014)
(2016-11-07) Auradian, Marta
The research is motivated by the increasing intensity of the Gold Mining exploration Without Permission (PETI) in Kuantan Singingi District Year 2013-2014. Increased mining activity has an impact on the destruction of ecosystems. The purpose of this study which is to identify and analyze the factors that led to the Gold Mining Without Permission (PETI) in Kuantan Singingi District can not be minimized. The method used by the minister to a qualitative approach to data collection techniques using in-depth interview techniques and study documentation. The results of this study indicate that increased activity of the Gold Mining Without Permission (PETI) in Kuantan Singingi District caused by the existing political system such as the system of legal, social, cultural and bureaucratic system is not running optimally and communities affected by the economic environment is still low and the social environment not function effectively.
Public Participation in the Implementation of Forest Fire Control Policy and Land in Rokan Hilir Distric The Province of Riau
(2016-11-07) Yuliani, Febri
Public participation in forest and land fire control starts from the planning phase of land and forest fire control, fire prevention stage, the stage of fire suppression and phase refresive handling. Participate in fire control and forest land, meaning co-reducing impact of fire on the people residing around the area, such as the presence of smoke that interferes with health and their daily activities as well as the loss of their livelihoods in the region. Further, communities can monitor and supervise the area in the village and in fire-prone forests in the quest for the prevention of forest fires and land at a time when that will come. Public participation as an important role in achieving the goals and objectives of a development program. Community participation is a means to obtain information about the conditions, needs and attitudes of local people, if they feel involved in the process of preparation and planning and democratic rights. Society has the power to inhibit the activity if they are not involved in the decision making process. Catastrophic forest fire is a serious problem that must be faced by Indonesia almost every year during the dry season. Forest fires are the cause of forest destruction disadvantage because in a short time can cause both a loss in economic, ecological, aesthetic, and political. Riau forests and lands have huge potential to develop the plantation sectors, agriculture, settlement and forestry. According to Regulation (No. 10 of 1994), about Spatial Riau province of Riau's forest area was 9.5 million hectares (ha). Covering an area of 1.9 million reserved as protected forest and 4.9 million hectares (ha) is planned as a non-forestry cultivation area and the remaining 2.7 million hectares (ha) is plotted as an area of forestry sector development. Based on the resource potential of forest and gardens Riau Province Year 2008-2009 of the Ministry of Forestry and Plantations (of the Ministry) Riau mainland territory has been divided into Forest Tenure (HPH), the number is 3,481,868 hectares (ha), timber estates (HTI ) 1,621,693 hectares (ha). With a total area of 9.456 million hectares Riau province (Ha), the remaining land in Riau just stay 3,035,837 hectares (ha). Utilization of peatlands and forests for coal development, land clearing for plantations and agriculture and logging activities (logging), identified as the activities of surface fires. Forest and land fires or not it can occur naturally, but can also be caused by the combustion procedure ignores that area fires become uncontrollable. Land and forest fires in Riau are often starts 1997 with widespread forest fires 26153.466 hectares (ha) to 2009, the total area of land and forest fires in Riau Province reached 121,051.55 acres. Forest fires, but can cause economic loss, damage soil surface and damage the health, also can reduce Indonesia's image in the eyes of the international community. Forests are one of the life support system, welfare, genetic resources, regulating water management, ecosystems, and habitats of flora and fauna. Forest damage caused by theft, natural disasters including forest fires (approximately 50,000 ha / year, 90% due to human activity). There are several reasons that an activity to include the community in environmental and resource management including control of land and forest fires, it is possible to: (1) formulate the problem more effectively, (2) obtain information and understanding of the world beyond the reach of science, (3) formulate alternative problem solving be socially acceptable, and (4) establish a plan and a sense of belonging to the settlement, so as to facilitate the application. Although this participatory approach may require more time in the early stages of planning, but the subsequent processing that this approach would minimize or avoid any conflict.
Sustainable Hunters and Gatherers in Belum-Temenggor Tropical Rainforest
(2016-11-07) Isa, Hamid Mohd; Saidin, Mokhtar
Belum-Temenggor tropical rainforest is located in the district of Upper Perak, state of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. Covering an area of 300,000 hectars which represent 5 % of forest and 50% of known species in the world and is home for 80% of primates in Peninsular Malaysia. This complex is a combination of four forest reserves namely Royal Belum Forest Reserve, Temenggor Forest Reserve, Gerik Forest Reserve and Banding Forest Reserve in which only Royal Belum State Park has been fully protected since 2007 [Figure 1]. The Belum-Temenggor rainforest also consists of man made lake known as Tasek Temenggor which is the result from hydroelectric dam project which covers an area of 22,672 acres and is home to at least 42 species of freshwater fish. This tropical rainforest is rich in its diversity of flora and fauna which become the source of subsistence, medicines, domestic and economic to semi-nomadic Jahai hunters and gatherers who live in this area. These negrito subgroupings adapt in the rainforest environment with majority of them built their huts at the lake shores and rivers. The lake and rivers act as a medium of communication and offers source of daily necessities with its abundance of fresh water fish. Apart from that, the sustainable adaptation was also contributed by the element of belief in spirits that inhabited the forest, these peoples ask protection from the spirits through rituals. The Jahai believed that this area is their country and they were the custody of the rainforest. Therefore it is their responsibility to protect and sustain the surrounding area. Based on ethnographic survey conducted in Jahai settlements in Belum-Temenggor rainforest, this paper aims to discuss shortly on how these communities survived and sustained their living pattern within the environment.
The Impact of Development on The Petalangan Habitat
(2016-11-07) Marzali, Amri
This article deals with the changes in the habitat of the Petalangan Malay in the Pelalawan District, Riau, Indonesia. This article will describe and analyze the changes in the Petalangan habitat which came about as a result of the implementation of development programs by the government of Indonesia and of the Riau Province. It focuses on the aspects of communication and transportation, settlement patterns, demography, and livelihood. In the contemporary socioeconomic context of Indonesia and Malaysia, the phrase “the continuous struggle of human beings in their quest of achieving better quality of life”, which is one of the objectives of this seminar, can be understood as “development.” Thusly, the title of this article is “The Impact of development on the Petalangan habitat.”
Horizontal Conflict and Social Relations of Rural Society
(2016-11-07) Tinov, M. Y. Tiyas; Handoko, Tito
This study aims to determine the model of land dispute resolution and to know the policy that relate directly to land dispute that integrates the public interest (local and host society) with the government. The usefulness of the starting point of the horizontal ownership of land resource conflicts between local and host society (society of transmigrants) are brought from various regions in Java since 1986, especially in the village of Transmigration Sungai Golang District of Kelayang Indragiri Hulu Region. Ownership of land resources conflict as a result of violation of territorial boundaries and the violation of the rights of local society (communal land) during the New Order government
Social Conflict Based on Palm Plantation Near to Riverside Area: Desa Dosan Siak Case, 2007-2012
(2016-11-07) Anwar, Khairul; Isril; Wan, Asrida
The focus of this research is to find out triggering factors of social conflict happening around riverside area in 2007-2012. Method of this research is to identify; (1) general and particular triggering factors. (2) actors involved in the conflict. (3) actors' interest about palm plantation policy. (4) conflict solving strategy that is to come and has already done. Result shows that the non-legal dominant factors of conflict in riverside area are: poverty and awareness of the economic factor of area.
Ratification of Regulation in Protecting the Indonesian Genetic Resources Under Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Government in 2013
(2016-11-07) Rani, Faisyal
This Study Describes the Policy Nagoya Indonesia ratified the protocol, this protocol governing access to genetic resources and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the balanced utilization on biodiversity convention, the Nagoya protocol is important for Indonesia because this protocol is an instrument to prevent the theft of genetic resources (biopiracy), Indonesia is an a country that has a wealth of genetic resources are very large. Because of the wealth of genetic resources, Indonesian dubbed “mega diversity”. Indonesia has ratified the Nagoya protocol by issuing Law No. 11 in 2013 on the ratification of the Nagoya protocol access to genetic resources and benefit sharing fair ang balanced arising from utilizati
Plantation Without Burning: The Application of Business Concept and Common to the Oil Palm Plantation in West Kalimantan
(2016-11-07) Hardilina; Haryaningsih, Sri
Its difficult to argue that the Province of West Kalimantan (WK) is one of the areas that exist in producing smoke in the event of drought. Combustion is not only done on the farm, but also in residential areas. Environmental clean-up activities done by the people in the dry season, is always followed by combustion activities, ranging from household waste burn to grass or bush burn. Thus simultanously, make smoke become a problem not only for the people of West Kalimantan, but also for people in neighboring countries. But then, the plantation and forestry sector is considered as the main culprit of the onset of the smoke and be prolonged paradox. Not only WK who became industrial smoke in the Southeast Asian region. There are still as many as 13 provinces were equally strong existence with WKr in producing smoke. There are NAD, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Riau, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung, Jambi, South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung, South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. Existence smog, was not only due to the absence of local regulations on the prohibition of burning, but also not touching the interests of farmers in developing palm oil that owned by the people. When the government issued prohibit burn policy, the industrial estates will obey that regulation, but not for the people. When the local regulation is not accommodating the interests of farmers, the burning activity is become a smart choice to reduce the production costs and this phenomenon will be occurs along time and never be ending. In the local level, it turns out there are people who do not apply the fires in their plantation activities. There is a custom concept successfully applied on an ongoing basis into the plantation business by a local group in West Kalimantan. Apparently, it could be put as the good practices of local communities, can be developed to initiate Indonesia without smog in the next drought.
Analysis of Pottery Shards From New Archaeological Survey in South Region of Sistan, Iran
(2016-11-07) Dadian, Hossein Sarhaddi; Ramli, Zuliskandar; Rahman, Nik Hassan Shuhaimi Nik Abdul; Mehrafarin, Reza
The aim of this study is to determine whether pottery shards from new archaeological survey in south region of Sistan, Iran were locally made or imported from other regions. Sistan, since the Bronze Age (4000BC) until now, has had an effective and salient role in the creation of human culture and civilization in Iran. New archaeological survey in the south region of Sistan also revealed new potential archaeological sites beside the well known sites such as Burnt City, Dahaneye Ghalaman and Kuhe Khawaja. Archaeologists have divided the chronology of Sistan’s history into three periods which are the prehistoric period, historical period and Islamic Period. Within these periods, many artefacts especially pottery shards have been found during the archaeological survey. These pottery shards are buff, grey, black, and red in colour which are mostly shards from broken jars, bowls, beakers and dishes. Two glaze shards from the Islamic Period decorated with floral motif have also been analyzed. In order to determine whether the glaze shards from the Islamic Period and the pottery shards from the prehistoric and historical period were locally made or otherwise,, a scientific analysis was carried out to determine the chemical composition of the shards. The technique involved the application of the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) equipment to determine the major and trace elements and also the mineral content of the pottery shards. The results shows that most of the pottery shards taken from the archaeological survey in Sistan, Iran were locally made. Two of the samples from the Islamic Period, namely ZR332/3 and ZR369/8 show different chemical composition content compared to other shards and it can be suggested that these two samples did not originated from Sistan, Iran. A shard from the prehistoric period which is ZR028/1 also shows differences in chemical composition, suggesting that it did not originated from Sistan, Iran. The analysis of the pottery shards from Sistan shows that since the prehistoric period, there had been trade activities in Sistan and the activities continued until the Islamic Period. Results of the analysis also show that local communities in Sistan, Iran were very skilful and knowledgeable in making the pottery
Indonesian Legislative Assembly of Riau Archipelago Regency in Indonesian’s Pra Reformation and Post Reformation
(2016-11-07) Yusri, Ali
The reformation that happens in Indonesian started in 1998 causes the change of government’s structure and function in national and local level with autoritative character changes to be more democratic. One of reformation result is implementation of Region Autonomy based on the Law Nr. 22 Year 1999 and becomes the Law Nr. 32 year 2004 that gives space more free for democratic institutions in region as the change of Law Nr. 5 Year 1974 that wants the control of central on region. This study tries to see how the one-sidedness attitude change of Region Indonesian Legislative Assembly in Riau Archipelago Regency is against society before reformation that is signed the central control on Riau Archipelago Regency through Batam’s autority concept and post reformation with autonomy concept that gives space more free for Region Indonesian Legislative Assembly to struggle for society interest in region. This study uses qualitative approach by using deep interview, examining literature and document and then analyzed in qualitative descriptive. The research finding shows that in certain level has happened institution atttitude change of Region Indonesian Legislative Assembly of Riau Archipelago Regency that sides with society in reformation era than pra reformation, hence based on a part of society’s sidedness is still minimum or far from it should be.
The Cooperation of Malaysia and United State to Reach Malaysian Vision 2020
(2016-11-07) Afrizal; Harto, Sapri
Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia that has arapidrate of economic progress. Since the late 1980s until the2000s the rate of growth of Malaysia's economy nearlytripled. This achievement did not escape capacity charismatic leader of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohammad who is has launched a program of Malaysia Vision 2020. Malaysian Vision 2020 is a policy that contains a variety of economic development strategies concepts in a systematic and planned figures declared by the founder (founding father) as a condition of rational and systematic Malaysia can bring progress toward better national development. This study used descriptive equalitative methodology, in which the collected data is non-numeric. While data collection techniques used are library research. Then the theory is used to answer the formulation / identification problem is constructivism theory elaborated by policy-making capacity which is then associated with the development of the state theory. The international cooperation theory, foreign policy are realized through cooperation with the United States government. Efforts / policies implemented by the Malaysian government in realizing the agenda of Malaysia Vision2020' in collaboration with the U.S. government through the equation of understanding the vision of leaders of both countries are realized through the visit and tour of the state, is realized through the development of cooperation in the economic, political, social and cultural.
The Alteration of Pekanbaru Public Opinion on Execution of Pekanbaru Election Commission’s Task and Authority on Re-balloting of 2011 Pekanbaru Regional Leader Election
(2016-11-07) Adlin
As the executor of Election and Regional Election in the independent region, Pekanbaru Regional Election Commission is required to optimally execute task and authority to increase the democracy quality in regional level. On the first round balloting of 2011 Pekanbaru Regional Leader Election, half of the citizen assess the Regional Election Comission (KPUD) of Pekanbaru take sides to one of the candidates, this stimulates the Constitutional Court (MK) decide to execute the Re-Balloting (PSU) to elect the 2011 Pekanbaru Mayor and Vice Mayor. Furthermore the execution of PSU by Pekanbaru KPUD, obtained protest from half of the Pekanbaru citizen. This research aims to know the alteration of public opion towards Pekanbaru KPUD after the elected candidates defined by MK. This research uses the quantitative method with random sampling multistage technique toward 120 respondents in 6 districts of Pekanbaru town. Data is taken through enclosed questionnaire which further analysed and presented in the frequency table. Research findings show majority assess that Pekanbaru KPUD has worked well on the task and authority of PSU execution

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