8.International Conference on Oleo and Petrochemical Engineering 2015

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Synthesis of Copper Oxide Thin Film Via Sol-Gel Dip-Coating Route For Spectrally Selective Absorber Material
(2016-04-22) Amri, Amun; Herman, Syamsu
Copper oxide thin film coatings have been successfully coated on reflective aluminium substrates via facile sol–gel dip-coating route for spectrally selective absorber (SSA) application. For quantitatively analysis, the reflectance spectra obtained from UV-Vis-NIR and FTIR equiped with the integration spheres were used to measure the absorptance and emitance values, respectively. To optimize the performance, relevant parameters such as the concentration of sol precursor and the dip-drying cycle were investigated. The increase of the concentration of copper sol precursor in range of 0.1 - 0.3 M increased the absorptance value, likewise with the increase of the dip-drying cycles. The maximum absorptance of =72% with a spectrally selective absorber profile was achieved by a SSA material synthesized using 0.3 M copper nitrate, 0.3 M propionic acid, and 8 times dip-drying cycles. The emitance value of =6.63% for this coating was recorded. Good optical performance of spectrally selective absorber and the operational simplicity of the synthesis process make this coating have high prospect as spectrally selective absorber material
Synthesis Cellulose Acetate Membranes for Water Treatment in the Coastal Region
(2016-04-22) Pinem, Jhon Armedi; Silvia, Vany
Indonesia especially Riau Province have several coastal areas. Availability of fresh water in coastal areas Riau very minimal so that the necessary technology that can process water at the coast into clean water. Suitable technology used is cellulose acetate membrane technology. In this research is made of cellulose acetate membranes using phase inversion technique by precipitation by immersion. Ethanol is used as a coagulant ( non - solvent ) with the composition of the casting solution consists of cellulose acetate 17 % w/w , acetone 56 % w/w , and formamide 56 % w/w . Advantages of cellulose acetate as the membrane material is hydrophilic and have durability resistance of fouling, especially protein and fat. Cellulose acetate membranes also possess high flux, a combination that is rare in other membrane materials. Cellulose acetate membranes are relatively easy to manufacture and raw materials are renewable resources. Selection of acetone because acetone capable of dissolving cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate and formamide are not mutually dissolve (having different polarity characteristics) so it is necessary to dissolve the cellulose acetate phase using acetone. The purpose of the addition of formamide is additive to improve the properties of the membrane surface. With the additives may affect the morphology and structure of membrane performance. The third raw material is capable of producing a white sheet-shaped membrane. To maintain the quality of the cellulose acetate membrane, the membrane is kept in a solution of sodium azide 0.1%.
Esterification Of Renewable Levulinic Acid To Ethyl Levulinate Over Modified HY Zeolite Catalyst
(2016-04-22) Ramli, Nur Aainaa Syahirah; Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina
The depleting primary energy sources and increasing greenhouse gas emissions have driven initiatives to develop clean technologies for chemical transformations from renewable feedstocks. Currently, extensive studies are being carried out to investigate the conversion of renewable biomass into biofuels and other chemical feedstocks. In particular, levulinic acid (LA) derived from biomass has been recognized as a versatile building block for the production of various platform chemicals. Esterification of LA with alcohols produce levulinate esters which have extensive application either in the flavoring and fragrance industries or fuel additives. Till date, the catalyst employed in the reported literatures for LA esterification suffered from either poor catalytic activity or lack of reusability properties. Herein, the esterification of LA with ethanol for ethyl levulinate (EL) production was conducted using iron modified HY zeolite (Fe/HY) at reflux condition. The effect of reaction time (1 – 7 h) , Fe/HY loading (10 – 35% Fe/HY to LA), and molar ratio of LA to ethanol (1:4 – 1:24), on LA conversion and EL yield were investigated. The experimental results revealed the optimum LA conversion and EL yield were obtained from LA esterification conducted at reflux condition for 6 h, 10% Fe/HY loading, and 1:16 of LA to ethanol molar ratio. The reusability of Fe/HY for EL production was also examined. In addition, Fe/HY catalyst was employed in the esterification of LA with methanol and butanol for methyl levulinate (ML) and butyl levulinate (BL) productions, respectively, with good performance. This study demonstrated the potential of Fe/HY catalyst for esterification of LA to levulinate esters at mild process conditions
Modeling Kinetic Growth Rate at Effect of Palm Oil Fronds and Zeolite (NaHCO3) Utility in Palm Oil Mill Effluent Process Treatment
(2016-04-22) Bowo, Ari; Amri, Idral; Ahmad, Andrianto
This study aims to analyze and examine the effect of the use of palm fronds, and Zeolite (NaHCO3), the processing of palm oil mill effluent, which aims to reduce levels of COD palm oil mill effluent, to comply with quality standards issued by the Ministry of Environmental Living No. Kep-51 / MENLH / 10/95, where‘s final COD waste can be discharged into the environment is 350 mg / L, in this study also determine a suitable model, the cell growth curve modeling the microorganism used in the processing of oil mill effluent oil, as well as the impact of the use of agents thixotropic to process the COD reduction of waste. Results of the study showed, that the use of palm frond at 100 grams, is able to gain COD removal efficiency of 90.6%, whereas without the use of palm fronds only 33.3%, with a duration of 8 days diving sewage treatment, whereas the addition of thixotropic agent, can improve COD reduction of waste by 320 mg / L for 10 days, it is within their premises Ministry of Environment standards, while a suitable model to model microorganism cell growth curve is Contoins model
Catalytic Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid Using Zeolite Immobilized Ionic Liquid as Catalyst
(2016-04-22) Zarin, Muhammad Anif Abu
Concerns towards diminishing fossil resources compel the chemical industry to explore alternatives for basic chemical productions. Carbohydrates derived biomass are promising alternatives for sustainable supply of fuels and valuable chemicals due to their abundant and relatively inexpensive properties. Carbohydrate such as glucose is a compound from which various bio-based chemicals can be derived. Among those chemicals, levulinic acid (LA) has received significant attention as platform chemicals for synthesizing a broad range of bio-based fuels. The conversion of carbohydrates to LA have been conducted in water in the presence of various catalysts, including homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. In this study, a new zeolite immobilized ionic liquid (HY-IL) catalyst has been explored for catalytic conversion of glucose to LA. The catalyst was prepared by immobilizing an acidic ionic liquid; 1,4 methylsulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroaluminate ([MSIM][AlCl4]) into HY zeolite with weight ratio 1:2 of ionic liquid to zeolite. The synthesized [MSIM][AlCl4] was characterized using CHNS elemental analysis to validate the prepared [MSIM][AlCl4]. Meanwhile, the parents HY zeolite and HY-IL were characterized using N2 physisorption and temperature desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) to determine their surface area and acidity, respectively. From the characterization results, the prepared [MSIM][AlCl4] was validated, the surface area of HY-IL was decreased, while the acidity of HY-IL was increased compared to the parent HY zeolite. The catalytic testing were conducted at 160 °C for 5 h using 0.4 g of catalyst and 0.4 g of glucose. HY-IL gave the highest LA yield (21%) compared to parent catalysts; [MSIM][AlCl4] (23%) and HY zeolite (traces). The high catalytic performance of HY-IL was due to its high concentration of active acid sites compared to HY zeolite. This study demonstrated the potential of zeolite immobilized ionic liquid as a catalyst for biomass transformation to platform chemicals under mild process condition
Preliminary Study Of Processing Manganese Ore From Pringsewu District Of Lampung Province
(2016-04-22) Isnugroho, Kusno; Hendronursito, Yusup; Birawidha, David C
Manganese ore coming from Pringsewu district of Lampung province belongs to manganiferous ore. Containing approximately 32.27% Mn and 14.87% Fe, this Pringsewu manganese ore is classified into low grade manganese ore (Mn<40%). Processing by hydrometallurgy technique has some shortcomings, and one of them is expensive additional cost for reprocessing used chemical materials. The objective of this research was to process low grade manganese ore by using composite pellets followed with pyrometallurgy process. The first process was started by milling, sieving, stirring, and composite pellet making. The next process was composite pellet reduction by using hot blast cupola and induction furnace into pig iron with manganese containing, and this was usually called as spiegeleisen. Reduction process by using hot blast cupola produced spiegeleisen with the following compositions: 16.98% Mn; 5.02% C; 75.64% Fe; 0.87% Si; 0.072% P; 0.028% S; while reduction process by using induction furnace produced spiegeleisen with the following compositions: 9.36% Mn; 4.85% C; 86.03% Fe; 0.21% Si; 0.01% P; 0.02% S
Adsorption of Humic Acid From Aqueous Solution Onto Fe3o4 Coated Carbon: Effect of Temperature
(2016-04-22) Zulfikar, Muhammad Ali; Suri, Fraulein Intan
The sorption of humic acid from aqueous solution onto Fe3O4 coated carbon under the influence of temperature has been investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out using humic acid (HA) as an adsorbate. It was observed that the amount of humic acid adsorbed increase with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters data indicated that the humic acid adsorption was non-spontaneous and endothermic under the experimental conditions, with the enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) of +29,44 J mol-1 and +74.96 J mol-1, respectively.
Analyses Of Stress And Deformed Shape Of Hammer Mill Hammers (HMHs) By Using Autodesk Inventor
(2016-04-22) Isnugroho, Kusno; Hendronursito, Yusup; Birawidha, David C; Yunus, Muhammad
Analyses on stress and deformed shape of Hammer Mill Hammers (HMHs) by using Autodesk Inventor software had been conducted. The simulation by using impact of 21.396 N and moment force of 1.326 Nmm resulted maximum result of Von Mises stress 153.5 Mpa and maximum displacement of 0.1695 mm with stress impact concentrated at one point (middle part) of the HMHs surface. If direction of impact load worked at the middle point and was distributed evenly at the periphery part of HMHs surface, the maximum Von Mises stress value was 204.4 Mpa and maximum displacement was 0.2819 mm. Seeing from obtained maximum Von Mises value, HMHs would not undergo failure because maximum of Von Mises value was lower than yield strength of used material; the manganese steel, with yield strength of 360 Mpa. Minimum values of safety factor or both directions of impact load were 1.761 and 2.345 respectively, and they excessed required values for a design (safety factor > 1).
Experiences Of Downhole Scale Squeeze Treatment To Solve Problem Of Caco3 Scale In Zamrud Field, Indonesia
(2016-04-22) Suhadi, Annur; Norahmansyah; Hayatullah, M Salman; Satria, Andi; Wiryawan, M. Doddy; Putranto, Prayudi; Bukian, Nyoman
Operational problem of CaCO3 scale has been experienced for many oil-wells in Zamrud field. Some CaCO3 scales encountered in tubing and other in artificial lift. This problem increased operating cost of work over job to pull out the artificial lifts which were stuck by CaCO3 scale. In order to clean up the perforation zone with high skin effect contributed by CaCO3 scale, acidizing using 15% HCl was conducted, but the production time was very short and the oil-wells were needed to be re-acidized. In order to get longer production life of treatment, the growth of CaCO3 scale is needed to be inhibited after acidizing job. Downhole scale squeeze treatment (DSST) has good performance with step of crystal growth retardation, crystal nucleation inhibition, and crystal dispersion. Scale inhibitor which was pumped is 10% Gyptron IT-256, with active content of bishexamethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) tested using dynamic scale loop to determine minimum inhibitor concentration, which is necessary step in the evaluation process. For many oil-wells, DSST show a good performance indicated by longer production with almost constant watercut. Good understanding of type of scale inhibitor which was used and the characteristic of content of positive and negative ion in formation water as well as mineralogy of perforated zone in oil wells enables of remedy other oil wells in different fields with variety of mineralogy and bottom-hole temperature
Biodiesel Production from Crude Palm Oil off-grade Over a ZnO Catalyst Presipitant Zinc Carbonate
(2016-04-22) Sahan, Yusnimar; Heliyanti, Sri; Alamsyah, M. Antoni
Crude Palm Oil off-grade (CPO off-grade), a CPO product contains high free fatty acid‘s content (FFA > 5%). This oil is produced from Palm fruit off-grade which have categorized includes abnormal size, immature, pass to mature, and decay. In the refinery industries, this oil is rejected because it can be generate a low quality of cooking oil. Generally, this oil has been used to produce a biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) over a catalysts. In this research, this oil is converted to a crude biodiesel over Zinc oxide (ZnO) as a heterogeneous catalyst. This catalyst was prepared from zinc carbonate precipitant by a hydrothermal method. The ZnO catalyst can be made easily and the raw materials is cheap. The goal of this research is to increase CPO off-grade added value and determine the catalytic activity of the ZnO catalyst. The activity catalytic of ZnO is evaluated by regenerating the spent catalyst and it is reused several times in the transesterification reaction cycles. Results, yield of crude biodiesel is obtained maximally 96%. The catalytic activity of ZnO catalyst is high, and it cam be re-used determined by regenerating the spent catalyst, then it was regenerated and r-used four times in the transesterification reaction cycles. The catalytic activity of ZnO catalyst till retain in the 4th. reaction cycle giving the yield of crude biodiesel in the range of 96 – 71%. Overall, conversion CPO off-grade to crude biodiesel over ZnO catalyst was significant high. This ZnO catalyst is potential as a catalyst in the biodisel production
Gold Separation of Computer Circuit Board scraps (CCBs) By Sodium Metabisulphite as a Precipitant
(2016-04-22) Drastinawati; Sahan, Yusnimar
In the electronic and telecommunication industries, gold has been applied for sinyal strength than other metals such as copper. Gold recovered on electronic scraps namely computer circuit main board, printed circuit board, handphone printed circuit board. Based on characterization results, computer circuit board scraps (CCBs) contains gold and other metals such as copper, lead, alumunium, ferous, nickel, zinc, and silver. It is essential to separate the precious metal of CCBs. Generally, gold separation has been done by cyanide and amalgamation methods. Separation by these methods produce a high gold‘s purity (>80%) and it can be done in a simple way. Yet, mercury and cyanide are very toxic for living things, causes death for them. In this research, gold separation of computer circuit boards (CCBs) has been done by leaching and precipitation methods. In general, recovery gold of electronic scraps has been done by pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy methods The method was applied in gold separation processes from modificated methods already existence. This paper reports a promosing method to separate gold of CCBs. Aqua regia and HNO3 solutions lwere used in the leaching processes, and sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) was applied in the precipitation process. Silver, Copper, ferous, alumunium, lead etc. are relatively instable ions and dissolved in HNO3, but gold is stable as a solid residue in HNO3 solution. Gold separation of solid residue by leaching with aqua regia. Gold formed a brown solid with the amount precipitated is 0.089g in the 5g CCBs samples was treated, also gold found high purity 98.9% .
Particulate Emission Distribution Prediction from Rsud Arifin Ahmad Pekanbaru Incenerator Using Screenview
(2016-04-22) Sasmita, Aryo; Yenie, Elvi
Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru Public hospital is one of the largest hospital in Pekanbaru with medical waste generated an average of 320 Kg / day. Unperfect waste burning conditions instead become a new problem as a source of air pollutants. It‘s necessary to analyze the distribution of particulate matter from combustion products from Arifin Ahmad incinerator to know the quality of the surrounding air. This research begins with a review of literature related. Then do the primary and secondary data collection including a location map research, waste generated data, data about the incinerator, the data of wind speed and direction, as well as other necessary data. The collected data is processed to be input ScreenView program. Outpun gained from the program ScreenView obtain the distribution pattern of particulate matter from Arifin Ahmad Hospital incinerator. From this research it is known that the distribution of particulate tends toward the south and southeast with a maximum value of 12 ug / m3 at a distance of 200 m from the source of emission.
Interlayer-Free Hybrid Organo-Silica Membranes Based Teos and Tevs For Water Desalination
(2016-04-22) Elma, Muthia; Wang, David K; Yacou, Christelle; Costa, João C. Diniz da
This work investigates hybrid silica membranes by mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and triethoxy vinyl silane (TEVS) by employing K2S2O8 (KPS) as initiator. KPS aims to provide radical polymerization to create C - C bonds linkage as a secondary network and then generates more spaces in silica network. Then free radical polymerization formed by KPS affects the oriented growth of particles. In order to avoid the decomposition of C - C groups within the silica matrices, it was found that the calcination temperature of xerogels recommends up to 350°C. Densification was formed when TEVS composition ratio is greater than TEOS composition. Therefore, the TEVS:TEOS molar ratio was set as 10:90 whilst microporosity was attained. This indicates that pure TEVS is not suitable to produce amorphous silica due to the functional groups formed block pores. The water fluxes found (< 2 kg m-2 h-1), however, the water fluxes for the hybrid organo-silica membranes reduced slightly only as a function of the salt content in the saline water, contrary to pure silica. This strongly suggests that the salt concentration polarisation was greatly reduced by having carbon moieties embedded into silica matrices. The water fluxes increased significantly from 4 to 21-24 kg m-2 h-1 as the temperature was raised from 40 to 60 °C whilst maintaining salt rejections in excess of 99%. This was mainly attributed to the linear organic C-C chains embedded in the silica matrices. In conclusion, the incorporation between organic-inorganic network enhance the hydrophobic properties of silica matrices.
Study of Performance of the Electric Generator Portable With NaCl Concentration Variation
(2016-04-22) Amri, Idral; Sahan, Yusnimar; Martina; Sari, Jenita Maya
In Indonesia, the consumption of fossil oil as an energy resource will be reduced from 52% in 2015 to 20% in 2025. Galvani cell is one of many energies alternative, and it can be used as an electric resources. In this research, the portable electric generator was designed and builds to generate electric. This generator consists of magnesium AZ91 as an anode, the metal cell MAB5A as a cathode, and NaCl solution as an electrolyte. The objective of this research is determine the performance of this generator by using NaCl concentration variation 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10% and amount of the electrodes pair. The performance of this equipment was measured with a multi tester and Light Emitting Diode (LED) bulb. Results, LED bulb was light on for 31 hours by using NaCl 10% and 10 electrodes pair, this generator unit produced the electric voltage 15.47 volt.
A Characteristic of CO and CO2 gases production during a combustion process of In Situ Combustion (ISC) Method on Upgrading of Crude Oil
(2016-04-22) Bahri, Syaiful; Muhdarina; R Hughes
This work is aimed to study a characteristic of gas production during thermal and catalytic processing on combustion of heavy oil. Oil/sand sample was subjected to a linear heating program 5oC/min from room temperature to a set point temperature 400oC under continuous flowing of air 250 ml/min on a low pressure 3 bar. Combustion gases produced were allowed to flow to a condenser and further were flowed through a drierite bed prior to measure by a GC continuously. Combustion gases produced and oxygen consumption profiles were confirmed that the combustion process has been successfully conducted during experiments. A lighter oil of 23.3oAPI was produced from the catalytic run compared with oil of 19.3oAPI resulted from the non-catalytic run.
Influence of The Calcination Temperature And Ratio Of Cao/Hno3 On The Synthesis Of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate From Cockle Shell (Anadara Granosa)
(2016-04-22) Purba, Paul Destin; Octavianty, Dhini; Amri, Amun; Zultiniar; Yelmida
The aim of this research is to synthesis the Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) from Anadara granosa cockle-sheell via carbonation method. The tested variables were the calcination temperatures (700oC, 800oC, and 900oC) and the ratios of between calcium oxide and nitric acid (14:300, 17:300, and 20:300 gr/m)l. The formed nitric calcium was then added by ammonia to pH 12 to start the synthesis of calcium hydroxide followed by flowing it with the carbon dioxide to form white precipitate (PCC). Based on the analysed, the best yield of PCC (84.88%) was obtained at calcination temperature of 900oC with the ratio of 14 gr:300 ml. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) characterizations revealed that the type of crystals formed was vaterit and the shape of crystals were round (sphere-like) with a relatively uniform in size, respectively.
Home–Based Industry Operating Cost Reduction As Replacement Impact Of The Traditional Stove
(2016-04-22) Helianty, Sri
Crispy-fried onions is a popular garnish and flavour enhancing produced by deep frying. Home based industries producing crispy-fried onions use a traditional conventional stoves for heating oil. Since conventional stoves fuel by biomass, such as woods, deep frying process releases toxic fumes that compraises small particles, carbon monoxide, and other noxious fumes. Therefore, replacement the conventional stove stove in crispy-fried onions home-based industries by the gasifier stove is necessary because the gasifier is healthier than the traditional stove. Home-based industries adopt the healthy stove technology for the traditional stove replacement as long as the stove is low-priced fuel intake, easily operated and simply constructed. This study is aim to evaluate energy cost for red onions frying in a home based industry that is production cost component. At the beginning of frying process, initial amount of woods was placed in gasifier stove, than certain amount of wood was added into the gasifier stove periodically for 1 hour. The result shows the gasifier stove requires 0,6 kg of woods / 1 kg fried onions / hour only while the traditional stove requires 1 kg of woods / 1 kg fried onions / hour. These numbers means the energy cost of the healthy stove is lower than the the traditional that effect on variable cost reduction from Rp. 655.000,- to Rp 462.000,-.
Growth Kinetics of Microorganisms On Fiber Solid Waste Composting Of Palm Oil Plant
(2016-04-22) Firdha, Irena; Ahmad, Adrianto; Amri, Idral
Solid waste of palm oil has increased along palm oil industry development in Indonesia. Solid waste palm oil mill is organic pollutants. One of it is fiber waste, if it not managed properly will pollute the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of mixed cultures on process of aerobic composting of palm fiber with windrow method. This research is treating three windrows with size 6 x 1 x 0.5 m3 each one without the addition of a starter, with the addition of starter and addition of starter and POME. The C/N ratio result of the research showed that 19,91 on composting without starter at days 34, 19,73 on composting with starter addition at days 32, and 16,93 at days 30 on composting with addition of starter and POME. Optimum composting is windrow with additing starter and POME. At this composting kinetic parameters are maximum growth rate (μmaks), máximum substrat consumption constanta (Ks), and yield coeficient (Y), continuously 0,73 day-1, 49,1 g/L, and 0,030.
Characterization Of Solid Products From Ozonolysis Pretreatment Of Oil Palm Fronds
(2016-04-22) Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini Wan; Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina
This present work focused on the characterization of treated oil palm frond (OPF) from ozonolysis pretreatment. The ozonolysis pretreatment was performed in a conventional semi-batch reactor at ambient condition. The effectiveness of ozonolysis pretreatment was validated by investigating the degradation of lignin and composition of solid product from pretreatment (treated OPF). In addition, crystallinity, surface area, pore structure, and morphology of untreated and treated OPF, as well as functional groups present were examined accordingly to study the effect of ozonolysis pretreatment on physical properties of OPF. The ozonolysis pretreatment on OPF was found to degrade the lignin structure, and exerted only a slight effect on the hemicellulose structure. Meanwhile, the cellulose yield was increased. As comparison to the untreated OPF, the crystallinity index OPF was increased while the surface area, pore volume, and mean pore diameter for the treated was decreased. This observation explained that the ozonolysis reaction has degraded the C=C bond of acid insoluble lignin into acid soluble lignin. Thus, the lignin could be removed easily by washing with water. Removing the amorphous component would lead to higher crystallinity index. Meanwhile, the pore properties of treated OPF would collapse during washing and drying process. Results of the present study indicated ozonolysis pretreatment as an effective method for OPF pretreatment to produce a washed clean substrate rich in cellulose and xylan. In addition, the physical properties of OPF were improved and ready for subsequent downstream bioconversion process such as acid hydrolysis for glucose production.
Fabrication And Characterization Of Hydroxyapatite Nanopowder From Geloina Coaxans
(2016-04-22) Yanti, Pepi Helza; Maylinda
Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite from Geloina coaxans and H3PO4 as precursors have been done. The main of chemical composition from Geloina coaxans shell was CaCO3, this material can be used as calcium source on fabrication of hydroxyapatite. Calcium oxide was obtained by calcination CaCO3 at 900oC for 12 hour. Synthesis of HAp was done with molar ratio of precursor 1,67 and pH of solution was adjusted at 11 with different stirring times (4 and 6) hours. Hydroxyapatite synthesized was characterized using XRD instrument, and the result proved that HAp nanopowder can be obtained successfully with stirring time for 4 hour with specific peak at 2θ = 31.7. Using Schererr equation, particle size of HAp powder was 26.42 nm. FTIR analysis was also done to determine functional group of HAp. The FTIR spectra of HAp powder obtained show there were characteristics band exhibited in sample spectra. Thermal analysis and particle size analysis were also investigated with TG-DTA and PSA instruments respectively. Analysis morphology by SEM revealed nearly uniform spherical morphology

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