Browsing by Author "Rionaldo, Hari"
Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Analisis Konfigurasi Sistem Produksi Hidrogen dari Etanol Produk Fermentasi yang Melibatkan Unit Membran(2013-05-08) Legawati, Lisa; Rionaldo, Hari; ZulfansyahEthanol from fermentation process must be purified to 99% to meet the requirements as a fuel. Ethanol and water are azeotrope mixture, so that the separation requires larger investment and greater energy. Produce hydrogen from ethanol reforming is one solution to get another energy source in the form of environmentally friendly hydrogen gas. H2 production from ethanol has advantages when compared with other H2 production techniques. Nowdays, hydrogen is one of alternative energy source that is currently widely studied and developed as a fuel for fuel cells to generated electricity. Membrane integration of hydrogen production system by ethanol reforming can produce hydrogen gas with high purity and suitable for use as a fuel for fuel cells. There are three type of configurations involving a palladium based membrane is simulated to obtain the best type of configuration, viewed from the conversion and yield of the product. Ethanol reforming membrane reactor is the best configuration type, because it produces the best result viewed from the yield generated, amounting to 21,4%. However, it should be noted that the merger of the membrane unit with the reaction can reduce the hydrogen permeability.Item Optimasi Pembuatan Pulp Semi-Mekanis Tandan Kosong Sawit: dengan Metode RSM-CCD(2014-02-04) Satria, Rendy; Maulvi Sani, Ikmal; Holy, Valiant; Rionaldo, Hari; Zulfansyah; Amraini, Said ZulPercobaan pembuatan pulp TKS dengan proses semi mekanis dipelajari pada reaktor batch skala laboratorium. Rancangan percobaan RSM-CCD digunakan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH 16, 18 dan 20%, nisbah padatan terhadap cairan 118, 1/10 dan 1112, dan waktu pemasakan 30, 45 dan 60 menit terhadap kualitas pulp. TKS (yield dan kadar lignin). Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh yield pulp 32 - 52% dengan kadar lignin 8 - 23%. Analisis Respone Surface dan Multi-optimisasi untuk mendapatkan kondisi operasi optimum, yang menghasilkan yield pulp maksimum dan. kadar lignin minimum, dilakukan menggunakan bantuan software Minitab (Trial Version). Hasil analisis RSM memperlihatkan bahwa nisbah padatan terhadap cairan memiliki pengaruh yang paling dominan terhadap kualitas pulp, diikuti dengan waktu pemasakan dan konsentrasi NaOH. Kualitas pulp optimum, yaituyield 38% dan kadar lignin 14% . dicapai pada kondisi operasi konsentrasi NaOH 18%, nisbah padatan terbadap cairan 118,0765 dan waktu pemasakan 28,456 menit.Item Pembuatan Pulp Dari Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum Purpureum) Dengan Menggunakan Pelarut Organik Asam Formiat(wahyu sari yeni, 2019-01-09) Syahputra, Dede; Helwani, Zuchra; Rionaldo, Hari; Zulfansyah, ZulfansyahElephant grass is lignocellulosic material that has the potential as raw material in pulping process. The objective of this research is to study effect of operational condition on the characteristic of pulp. Effect of the process condition were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD). Pulping Experiment were carried out at the boiling temperature of cooking liquorat atmospheric pressure with 40 gram of elephent grass with a concentration of formic acid were 60%, 70%, and 80%, cooking time were 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 180 minutes, solid to liquor ratio were 10/1, 15/1, and 20/1, and catalyst HCl was 0,1%. The result showed that pulp of the elephant grass have yield pulp of 53,6% - 73,7%, lignin content of 11% - 19,5%, with burst index of 2,38 – 4,24 kPa.m2/g, tear index of 2,57 – 21,95 mN m2/g, and tensile index of 47,93 – 205,491 Nm/g.Item Pembuatan Pulp Sabut Sawit dengan Proses Acetosolv(2014-02-04) Amraini, Said Zul; Zulfansyah; Rionaldo, Hari; Mukhtar, AkmalSabut sawit yang merupakan produk samping pabrik CPO yang belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik. Selama ini sabut sawit digunakan sebagai bahan bakar boiler yang menghasilkan emisi gas dan dapat menyebabkan pemanasan global. Percobaan pembuatan pulp sabut sawit dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji kemungkinan pemanfaatan sabut sawit sebagai bahan baku produk pulp. Percobaaan pembuatan pulp sabut sawit dilakukan secara batch pada skala Iaboratorium. Variabel percobaan yang dipelajari, yaitu konsentrasi asamklorida 0,10; 0,15; 0,2%-berat, waktu reaksi IS, 30; 60, 90, 120, 150 menit dan nisbah cairan-padatan lOll; 12/1; 14/1, pada konsentrasi asam asetat 85%. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa sabut sawit dapat dijadikan pulp dengan proses acetosolv dan menghasilkan yield 75,1-85,3% dan kadar lignin pulp 26-43%, yang bervariasi menurut kondisi proses. Seluruh variabel proses berpengaruhnya terhadap yield dan kadar lignin, dan kualitas pulp yang dihasilkan masih rendah.Item Pengaruh Kondisi Proses Terhadap Karakteristik Pulp Pada Fraksionasi Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum Purpureum) Menggunakan Asam Formiat(wahyu sari yeni, 2019-01-09) Dizikri, Dizikri; Helwani, Zuchra; Rionaldo, Hari; Zulfansyah, ZulfansyahElephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) is a lignocellulosic biomass which has not been utilized optimally. Fractination of elephant grass can be converted into valuable products, such as pulp. The objectives on this research is to study the effect of the process condition on pulp yield, cellulose and lignin contetnt in pulp. The effect of process condition were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Central Composite Design (CCD). Fractionation of elephant grass performed on a normal boiling point of the solution with a concentration of formic acid (60%, 70% and 80%), the reaction time of 60-180 minutes, solid to liquid ratio of 10/1 to 20/1, 40 grams elephant grass, HCl catalyst 0.1% wt. The result shows that fractionation of elephant grass have yield pulp of 53.6% to 73.7%, cellulose pulp of 84.03% to 93.97% and lignin pulp of 11% to 19.5%. the concentration of formic acid and reaction time influence each response significantlyItem Penyelesaian Numerik Metode Distilasi Biner McCabe-Thiele(2013-05-07) Vhiwendro, Guntur; Savitri, Kesni; Satria, Rendy; Rionaldo, Hari; ZulfansyahThe Graphical McCabe-Thiele is a method to calculate the theoretical stage of biner distillation. Generally, that’s still used to analyze the biner distillation because a simple formulation and mostly used in chemical engineering course. The equilibrium curve, operation line and equilibrium stages are constructed, sothatthe number of theoretical stages can be calculated. Furthermore, drawing an equilibrium curve, operation line, and equilibrium stages must be accurate. It will be complicated to observe the impact of input difference, because the curve should be re-constructed and need more time. This article use matlab for solving the distillation biner’s equation (ethanol and water). The numerical calculation for R = 3 acquired the ideal stage = 11,5313, actual stage = 16,6682 and overall efficiency = 0,6918. Furthermore, the calculation with R = 2 get the ideal stage = 16,7885, actual stage = 24,6271and overall efficiency = 0,6817. Numerical method can solve this problem without change the equilibrium curve, operation line and equilibrium stages.Item Performa Kompor Gasifikasi Champion Stove(wahyu sari yeni, 2019-01-09) Julita, Retna; Rionaldo, Hari; Andrio, David; Zulfansyah, ZulfansyahEnergy requirements for houshold cooking needs still depend on LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas). However, the lack of LPG supply and poor distribution are still obstacles in the community. Biomass waste is one of the alternative fuels for society so that cooking energy needs can be met. The objective of research is to study the effect of type of biomass and biomass size on the performance of gasification stoves by using a water boiling test (WBT) analysis. The experiments were carried out in batches with two WBT phases, namely cold start and hot start. The first stage was a cold start, where the tester uses a stove at room temperature an a number of fuels to boil 2.5 liters of water in a standard pan. The second stage was called the hot start test, where water is boiled with a hot stove with the aim of identifying the difference in the stove’s power when it’s cold and when it’s hot. In addition, the flame temperature and stove operating time are the performance parameters of the stove champion gasification stove. Water content for each biomass used is between 10-13%. The thermal efficiency of gasification stove was in the range of 19-36%. The result showed that combustion rate was in the range of 12-23 gr/minutes and fire power of 3-7 kWth. The maximum flame temperature produced by the stove is 806 oC using mahogany wood. The longest operating time using acacia wood was 38.22 minutes.Item Produksi Ester Metil Sulfonat dari Ester Metil : 2. Evaluasi Ekonomi dan Analisa Sensitifitas(2013-05-07) Haryu Lestari, Ariesti; Ardy, Aisyah; Legawati, Lisa; Rionaldo, Hari; ZulfansyahIn view of environmental contamination caused by raw materials based on the petroleum, numerous studies have been conducted on alternative processes to obtain substitute raw materials from renewable resources. MES is kind of surfactant that based on crude palm oil. The production of these surfactant use methyl ester as downstream product of CPO. Methyl ester sulfonates can produce by using oleum-H2SO4 or SO3. After reviewing the use of both of the processes, the sulphonation process by using sulfur trioxide is the best one. Gas behavior, economical feasibility, production capacity, and the mode of process that apply for MES production being an magnificent reason for the chosen of sulfur trioxide. A promising prospect of this industry by theory will make sure in this paper using economical feasibilities. The calculation of economical feasibilities shown that the value of ROI (before tax) 44,42%, ROI (after tax) 28,88%, PBP 2,46 years. The sensitivity analysis also deserve to see the effect of the factor that influence the economical viability, and provide more information for the optimization of MES production.Item REVIEW TEKNOLOGI PROSES PENGOLAHAN KAKAO(2014-02-06) Amraini, Said Zul; Rionaldo, Hari; Hermanto; Kurniawan, Nyoman; ZulfansyahIndonesia merupakan negara pemasok kakao terbesar ke-3 di dunia dengan persentasi 13,6% setelah Pantai Gading (38,3%) dan Ghana (17,6%). Namun, produk kakao Indonesia yang diekspor dalam bentuk biji kakao (cocoa beans) memiliki kualitas yang masih rendah karen a pengolahannya masih tradisional, sehingga harganya pun dikenai potongan sebesar 10-15% dari harga biji kakao di dunia. Kakao adalah salah satu produk unggulan pertanian Indonesia yang masuk ke dalam program jangka panjang pemerintah dalam usaha hilirisasi industri pertanian guna meningkatkan nilai tambah hasil pertanian. Sayangnya di Indonesia, hingga saat ini, teknologi pengolahan kakao menjadi produk hilirnya seperti, cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, dan cocoa powder masih sangat minim. Review teknologi pengolahan kakao mengulas berbagai aspek pengolahan kakao. Dimulai dari pengolahan hulu, yaitu teknik pengolahan untuk mendapatkan kualitas biji yang baik hingga tahapan proses hilir yang meliputi, cleaning, roasting, winnowing dan breaking, alkalisation, drying, grinding, crushing dan pulverising. Berbagai infonnasi yang dipaparkan dalatn artikel ini diharapkan dapat membantu perkembangan teknologi pengolahan kakoa hingga menjadi produk hilirnya.