Chemical Engineering

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Browsing Chemical Engineering by Author "Ahmad Adrianto"

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    Efisiensi Penyisihan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Limbah Cair Pabrik Sagu Menggunakan Bioreaktor Hibrid Anaerob Pada Kondisi Tunak Dengan Variabel Laju Pembebanan Organik
    (2012-10-23) kusuma, Yatri lestyana; Ahmad Adrianto; Yelmida
    Meranti Islands producing sago 450.000 tons / year. In producing one ton of sago need 20.000 liters of water, so the water can be estimated in need 9 million kl of water / year, of which 94% of the water would be liquid waste, so the wastewater generated in the production of sago approximately 8.46 million kl of water / year or 23.000 kl of water / day. Liquid waste has a high concentration of COD, this causes the dissolved oxygen content in the water is low. One way to lower the COD concentration by using hybrid anaerobic bioreactor. The purpose of this research is to set aside a COD removal efficiency of COD and determine optimal treatment of sago wastewater on the conditions of steady state.Volume hybrid bioreactor used in this study is equal to 10 L with dimensions of length 40 cm, width 26 cm, height 24 cm. Do variations in organic loading rate is 12.5 kgCOD/m3day a flow rate of 2.5 L / day; 16.7 kgCOD/m3 day a flow rate of 3.3 L / day, 25 kgCOD/m3day a flow rate of 5 L / day; 50 kgCOD/m3day with a flow rate of 10 L / day. Each organic loading rate operated until steady state is obtained based on the data of COD. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency obtained at the operation site organic loading rate of 12.5 kgCOD/m3day by 90%. Thus, the design of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor system mediated stones can be realized to create a technology that is used to treat waste effectively and efficiently.
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    EFISIENSI PENYISIHAN KANDUNGAN PADATAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK SAGU MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR HIBRID ANAEROB DENGAN VARIABEL LAJU ALIR
    (2013-02-09) Iqbal, Muhammad; Ahmad Adrianto; HS Irdoni
    Increased production of sago starch production increases causing waste in the form of solid waste and liquid waste. Sago starch processing waste liquid 94% -97% and directly channeled into the waters surrounding the treatment process. Sago effluent average yield of dissolved organic compounds, solids and waste acidic concentration through the standard. Solids is one of the parameters to measure water pollution. The concentration of dissolved solids sago factory effluent was 3.76 g/L, while the concentration of the raw quality is 0.1 g/L. This study aims to reduce the solids content in the effluent using sago starch factory wastewater as substrate performed anaerobically using anaerobic hybrid bioreactor mediated by stones. Hybrid anaerobic bioreactor is a combination between the suspended growth and attached growth system using a stone as a medium of cell immobilization. Working volume was 10 L reactor with a variation of the feed flow rate is 2.5 L/day, 3.3 L/day, 5L/day and 10 L/day. Parameters observed in this research is TS, TSS, TVS and VSS were analyzed by gravimetric methods. The results of this study indicate that the efficiency of TSS at a flow rate of 2.5 L / day is 46.87%, 3.3 L /day is 62.49%, 5 L/day is 59.04% and 10 L /day is 44.89%. Optimum flow rate for the provision of wastewater solids sago plant is the flow rate 5 L/hr. These results indicate that the hybrid anaerobic bioreactor mediated by stones can reduce the solids content of sago wastewater plant but did not reach the quality standards specified value.
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    KAJIAN AKLIMATISASI PROSES PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK SAGU SECARA ANAEROB
    (2012-12-03) Priyono, Agus; Ahmad Adrianto; Bahruddin
    Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti known as one of Indonesia's largest producer of sago. Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti produce 202,181 tonnes of sago starch year. In producing sago will produce 40,000 liters of wastewater effluent sago/ton starch, so it can be expected to produce Kabupaten Kepulaun Meranti sago wastewater 22,156 kLiters/day. Sago effluent composition of organic matter (carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils) are high, so that if discharged to water, it will cause water pollution and contaminate the surrounding environment. Efforts can be made to the anaerobic treatment. Anaerobic treatment is basically the help of bacteria. Bacteria need to do the breeding and acclimatization prior to anaerobic digestion. This study aims to determine the effect of acclimation time on biogas production, pH and biomass concentration (VSS), determine the optimal timing of the acclimatization process, and determine the kinetics of growth. The study was conducted using an anaerobic bioreactor with a volume of 20 L at room temperature operating conditions. The results showed that the acclimatization process lasts for 11 days, and the average pH of 6.8 to 7.2. Average biomass concentration during acclimatization of 0.212 g / L. Biogas produced an average of 1895 mL, while the specific growth rate (μ) of 0.0905. Thus, anaerobic bacteria used in wastewater treatment processes sago.
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    KESTABILAN BIOREAKTOR HIBRID ANAEROB BERMEDIA BATU PADA KONDISI START-UP DALAM PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK SAGU
    (2013-02-08) Gharaufi, Hadzalie; Ahmad Adrianto; Bahruddin
    Meranti Islands is known as sago-producing districts in Riau Province. Developments in the field of agriculture and agricultural industry often result in increased agricultural wastes most of which contain organic compounds. Liquid waste containing organic compounds in biological systems can be processed by aerobic or anaerobic systems. The way of handling the problem of wastewater treatment can be done by using a hybrid anaerobic bioreactor. The stability of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor treating wastewater in sago indicated by the ratio of the concentration of volatile acids and alkalinity levels. This study uses as a sago factory wastewater using bioreactors susbtrat rock hybrid of media. . The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor mediated cubes in starch processing wastewater at start-up and also to determine the optimum start-up time. Volume of work hybrid bioreactor used in this study was 10 L with a hydraulic residence time (WTH), which is 5 days during conditions of start-up parameters observed in this study is the concentration of volatile acidity and alkalinity, and look at the ratio of TAV / alkalinity in the bioreactor with rock media. Observations were made at an interval of 2 days to reach steady state. The results of this study indicate the stability of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor mediated rocks at start-up conditions is 0,006 on day 54. These results indicate that the hybrid anaerobic bioreactor has a high level of stability.
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    KOMBINASI PENGOLAHAN ANAEROB DAN MEMBRAN ULTRAFILTRASI BERBAHAN DASAR POLISULFON UNTUK PROSES PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR KELAPA SAWIT
    (2013-03-20) Shadily, Maulana; Syarfi; Ahmad Adrianto
    Palm oil wastewater is very dangerous if flowing directly to the environment because they have highly pH content, total suspended solid (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). One of the treatment is combination of anaerob and membrane. The aim of this research are to learn of decreasing pH, COD and TSS in anaerob bioreactor and to learn about the influence of membrane pressure with flux, rejection, pH and TSS at ultrafiltration membrane. Methode of this research consist of microorganism seeding, aclimatitation, start-up and bioreactor operasional, then separation with polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane with pressure variation of 1, 1,2, 1,4 bar. The results of this research showing that for the pressure of 1 bar resulting pH and TSS value are 8,1 and 30 mg/L. For the pressure of 1,2 bar resulting pH and TSS value are 8,1 and 30 mg/L. For the pressure of 1,4 bar resulting pH and TSS value are 8,2 and 0 mg/L. This results showing that the most optimum membrane pressure is 1,2 bar with TSS efficiency 98,01%.
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    Kombinasi Pengolahan Anaerob dan Membran Ultrafiltrasi Berbahan Polipropilen Untuk Proses Pengolahan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit
    (2013-03-21) Talis, Salmiati; Daud Syarfi; Ahmad Adrianto
    Palm oil wastewater of PTPN V potentially contaminating environment if we can’t handle correctly. The result of analysis showed that acidic pH’s value 4.0, the value of COD is 30,000 mg/L and TSS value is 8635 mg/L. This value is not in accordance with the decree of minister Environment number 51 of 1995 for pH values were in the range 6-9, for a COD value is 500 mg/L and TSS value is 300 mg/L. Research was done to reduce the value of that parameters to fit the provisions of the Government of Indonesia. Process carried out is anaerobic process. Problems that arise in this process is the washout of biomass so that was developed by combining anaerobic digestion process with membrane ultrafiltration. Anaerobic process carried out several stages, the seeding stage, acclimatization, startup and operational. pH values obtained in the final stage anaerobic process that is equal to 8.7, COD is 5000 mg/L with an efficiency of COD is 66.67% and TSS is 1510 mg/L. The results of the anaerobic process is passed through a membrane with pressure variation is 1.6 bar , 1.8 bar, and 2.0 bar. The best pressure is 1.8 bar with a pH value is 8.5, the value of COD is 2000 mg/L with an efficiency COD is 60% and TSS is 20 mg/L with an efficiency of TSS is 98.67%
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    Pengaruh Konsentrasi Starter PadaPembuatanKompos Dari Limbah Serat Buah Sawit dengan Teknologi Biofertilizer
    (2012-10-29) Shahila, Nila; Ahmad Adrianto; Wisrayetti
    Solid waste that is produced by palm industry in Indonesia has reached 15.20 million ton waste/year. One of them is waste of fibre palm fruit. It will pollute the invironment if it is not carried out preferable. Managing the waste into compost manure is one of the solutions. The purpose of this researce is to identify the influence of starter concentration in composting process an to get the ratio of C/N optimum in making compost by using biofertilizer technology. Biofertilizer is one of technology that uses microorganism to increase the fertility of soil in the process of composting by using the content of microorganism in the form of nutrition. This research consist of 4 steps. First step is preparing the starter. Second step is preparing the substrate in the form of solid waste of fibre palm fruit in 2 cm size. Third step is preparing bioreactor by using 5 bioreactors. Fourth step is composting process with variation starter concentration. During the composting process, measuring pH, temperature, moisture and aeration are done in each bioreactor performed every 3 days. Composting is done with aerobic process. The results showed that the concentration of nitrogen starter 0% of 0.94 is obtained, 10% at 1.09, 20% of 1.31, 30% 0f 0.83 and 40% 0f 1.07. Based on the results, the optimum value for nitrogen in the composting process requirements contained in the starter 20% concentration can accelerate the activity of microorganism to the value of the ratio C/N at 10.45 on day 60 with a 20% concentration of starter. Thus, the value of the ratio C/N is obtained in accordance with the standards of quality compost SNI 19730-2004.
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    Pengaruh Laju Alir Umpan Terhadap pH dan Alkalinitas Limbah Cair Sagu dalam Bioreaktor Hibrid Anaerob Bermedia Batu pada Kondisi Tunak
    (2012-10-23) Lestari, Yuliza Fuji; Ahmad Adrianto; Chairul
    In producing sago flour takes 20,000 liters of water per ton of starch, where 94% of the water would be liquid waste, so about 19,000 liters of wastewater generated sago starch per ton When directly discharged into the water on a continuous basis it could lead to pollution of the waters. The way of handling the problem of wastewater treatment can be done by using a hybrid anaerobic bioreactor mediated stones. One of the factors that influence of the anaerobic process success is pH and alkalinity. The purpose of this research to determine the effect of feed flow rate on pH and alkalinity in anaerobic hybrid bioreactor at steady state by looking at the pH and alkalinity parameters and determine the optimum conditions for anaerobic processes. Process variables measured were feed flow rate of 2.5 L / day, 3.3 L / day, 5 L / day, and 10 L / day operating conditions at room temperature and the bioreactor working volume 10 L. The results showed that the optimum feed flow rate obtained on 2.5 L / day with an average pH of 6.8 and alkalinity of 2280 mg / L.
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    Pengaruh Laju Pembebanan Organik terhadap pH dan Asam Asetat dalam Bioreaktor Hibrid Anaerob pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pabrik Sagu
    (2012-10-24) Wimin, Dewi; Ahmad Adrianto; Chairul
    Sago demand continues to rise along with the development of processing industries that use raw sago starch. Today’s national sago production reached 400,000 tons / year. In the production of starch required 20,000 liters of water per ton of sago, so it can be expected that the processing of sago require 21 000 kilolitres of water per day, of which 94% of the water will be liquid waste. Sago wastewater has high organic matter composition, when thrown into water it will degrade water quality and contaminate the environment. One of sago waste water treatment is by using hybrid anaerobic bioreaktor. Acetic acid content and pH is one factor affecting the performance of bioreactor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of organic loading rate on pH and the concentration of acetic acid by seeing the parameters of pH and acetic acid as well as determining the optimum loading rate on the formation of acetic acid. The research was conducted by using a hybrid anaerobic bioreaktor mediated the stone as a medium growth of microorganisms. Volume of work used in this study amounted to 10 L by varying the organic loading rate is 12.5: 16.7, 25 and 50 kg COD/m3 day. These results indicate that the optimum organic loading rate of 50 kg COD/m3 days with acetic acid concentration of 76,8 mg / L and pH of 6.13. Thus a hybrid anaerobic bioreaktor with the media of stone is capable to treat sago waste water that contains high organic.
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    PENGARUH LAJU PEMBEBANAN ORGANIK TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH CAIR SAGU MENGGUNAKAN BIOREAKTOR HIBRID ANAEROB
    (2012-10-23) Yunitamel, Lusy; Ahmad Adrianto; Zahrina Ida
    Nowaday, production sago in Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti reaches 450,000 tons per year. Increased production of sago starch is followed by an increase of sago wastewater. In producing sago starch needs 20,000 liters of water per ton of sago which 94% water will be wastewater. The wastewater has a high COD levels and potention to converted be biogas. One of treatment for sago wastewater to be biogas uses hybrid anaerobic bioreactor which combines the suspended growth systems and attached growth system. The object of this research is to determine the optimum of organic loading rate with highest biogas production. The research uses hybrid anaerobic bioreactor with volume 10 liters and media stones. The variation of the organic loading rate is 12,5: 16,7, 25 and 50 kgCOD/m3day and conditioned at room temperature. The results showed that the organic loading rate has influence in producing biogas. The biogas production optimum at the organic loading rate 25 kgCOD/m3day and steady state on 14th days with production of biogas is 41,600 ml.
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    Penyisihan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Limbah Cair Pabrik Sagu Menggunakan Bioreaktor Hibrid Anaerob Pada Kondisi Start Up
    (2012-10-23) Lestari, Azian; Ahmad Adrianto; Zahrina Ida
    Industrial development was followed by an increase of sago starch sago wastewater generated. In producing sago starch takes 20,000 liters of water per ton of starch, which is 94% water would be liquid waste sago. Sago effluent has COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) to 100,000 mg / l. These conditions will have a negative impact on the environment if not managed properly. One way to lower the COD content by using hybrid anaerobic bioreactor. Conditions Start up is one of the important conditions in wastewater using hybrid anaerobic bioreactor, because this happens to reach the steady proliferation of microorganisms. This study aims to review the condition of the start-up of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor COD parameter and observing the resulting biogas. The research was carried out with a flow rate of 2 l / day at room temperature. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency of the largest obtained 90,45% with pH 6.2 as well as the operation of the biogas production of 14 982 ml / day. The results of this study indicate that the start-up of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor lasts for 59 days.
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    PENYISIHAN KANDUNGAN PADATAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK SAGU DENGAN BIOREAKTOR HIBRID ANAEROB PADA KONDISI START-UP
    (2012-10-31) Fadhli, Taufiq Ul; Ahmad Adrianto; Yelmida
    Sago Liquid waste increased with the development of sago industry in Indonesia. Sago liquid waste is acidic, foul-smelling and has a high concentration of solids. Solids is one of the parameters in the identification of a wastewater pollution levels. Sago mill waste water solids can be organic and inorganic solids. Organic solids can generally be degraded by microorganisms, while inorganic solids difficult degraded by microorganisms. Therefore, it is necessary sago wastewater treatment before discharge into water bodies or water. Handling of solid sago mill waste water can be done using the anaerobic bioreactor of media anaerobic hybrid rocks. The success of this bioreactor in treating wastewater depends on the strategy of start-up bioreactor. This study aimed to isolate and get the reduced rate of sago wastewater solids content at start-up conditions. The results showed that the start-up of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor lasts for 58 days with WTH 2 L / day, operating conditions at room temperature and pH of 6.2 to 7.1 average. TS removal efficiency by 63,87%, TVS by 43,75%, TSS by 60,63% and 61,76% VSS. This shows that the hybrid anaerobic bioreactor mediated in both rock solid content aside sago mill waste water