PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SUBSTRAT DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI PADA PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT NENAS (ANANAS COMOSUS L.MERR) UNTUK PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE
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Date
2013-01-09
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Abstract
Pineapple’s skin is a fairly large agricultural wastes in Indonesia. Potential
cellulose in a large pineapple’s skin can be used as a substrate in the production of
cellulases that can add economic value to the pineapple’s skin. The purpose of this
research was to produced cellulase enzyme and determine the effect of
fermentation time and substrate concentration on enzyme production. The method
in this research used solid fermentation system. The research did by fixed
variables such as nutrient in the media (urea 30 mg, MgSO4.7H2O 5 mg, 2.3 mg
KH2PO4), the beginning pH fermentation used pH 5, fermentation temperature
used room temperature. The change variables used substrate concentration 0.5 g /
ml, 1 g / ml, 1.5 g / ml, 2 g / ml and a variable fermentation time 2 days, 3 days, 4
days, 5 days, 6 days. Fermentation’s result was extracted and centrifuged to obtain
a crude extract of cellulose enzyme. Then the crude extract of cellulase enzyme
activity was tested by adding cotton and glucose hydrolysis yield was determined
using DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid). The experimental results showed that the
substrate pineapple’s skin can be used to produce the enzyme cellulase by
Aspergillus niger with the highest enzyme activity were seen from the highest
glucose 3.57 gr glucose/liter. Optimum enzyme activity obtained at substrate
concentration 1 gr/ml and 4 days of fermentation time.
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Keywords
Aspergillus niger, cellulase enzyme, solid state fermentation, substrate concentration, Pineapple’s skin