Browsing by Author "Jose, C."
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Item ANALISIS KANDUNGAN FENOLIK, VITAMIN C, DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI BAYAM HIJAU (Amaranthus hybridus) YANG DITANAM SECARA ORGANIK(2013-03-08) Naspera, R. L.; Abdullah, C.; Jose, C.Green spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) has a secondary metabolite like phenolic, flavonoid, and vitamin C that has antioxidant capability. This research was conducted with aim to determine total phenolic content, total flavonoid, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity in organically and conventionally grown green spinach. The antioxidant activity was analyzed using Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and NO radical scavenging activity method. The organic green spinach was grown with five treatments and control (just water) as biocontrol. The treatments are EM5, mixture EM5 and garlic, and fermented plant extract (FPE) from rumput paitan (Paspalum Conjugatum Berg.), babadotan (Ageratum mconyzoides L.), and spices. The highest total phenolic (0,940 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (0,773 mg QE/g) were found in green spinach that treated with rumput paitan FPE and had significant difference (P<0,05) with other treatment. Similar result was showed in antioxidant activity (76,319%) with FTC method. Vitamin C content of green spinach with rumput paitan FPE treatment is higher than other treatment but no significant difference with EM5 and garlic mixture (65,556 mg AAE/g) and babadotan FPE treatment (63,333 mg AAE/g). The best IC50 by DPPH method is showed in rumput paitan treated green spinach (11,063 mg/mL) but no significant difference with babadotan FPE (13,183 mg/mL). Green spinach with rumput paitan treatment also has the best IC50 (28,196 mg/mL) in NO radical scavenging activity method but no significant difference with spices FPE (31,871 mg/mL). In conclusion, green spinach with rumput paitan FPE gives the best value of total phenolic, total flavonoid, vitamin C, and antioxidant activityItem ANALISIS KUALITAS KOMPOS DARI CAMPURAN LIMBAH AMPAS SAGU, KOTORAN AYAM DAN SERBUK GERGAJI HASIL FERMENTASI DENGAN EM-4(2013-03-08) Putra, R. A.; Itnawita; Jose, C.Sago (sago Metroxylon Rottb.) can be used for food, housing and industrial raw materials. A byproduct of the use of starch in the form of solid waste, which is already used in a simple to feed livestock and composting. Traditionally, sago waste composting takes a long time about 3 months with varying quality. Research on optimum composting time necessary for effective use of raw materials Microorganism 4 (EM-4) as a starter. In this research, the composition of the raw material consists of sago pulp, chicken manure and sawdust in the ratio (1:2:1) fermented with EM-4 on time variations 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and control of well water at 0 and of 20 days. Analysis of the quality parameters of fermented compost consists of the availability of nutrients N, P, K, organic C and C/N ratio. They are compost quality parameters. The method used is the determination of N-nitric acid with phenol disulfonic acid pickling, P by using Olsen, K using flame photometry, C-organic by using Willey Black, N-total with kedjhal and C/N ratio by mathematical methods. The results showed that the optimum level for N, P, K, organic C and C/N ratio of composting make different on composting day. From fermentation with optimum level of EM-4 N-nitrate, C-organic and C/N ratio was obtained as the day 5 which are 0.1496%, 3.0229%, and 10.9854. The optimum levels for N-total, P and K are in day 10 which are 0.2768%, 0.1590% and 0.98%. Well water as control has increased all parameters at the day 20. The changes which occur is due to the lack of activity of microorganism that works on the composting. Composting sago pulp, chicken manure and sawdust fermented with EM-4 delivers quality compost in the range of 5- 10 days. Composting can be used as organic fertilizer because it is in the range of C/ N ratio of humus (10-20)Item ANALISIS TOTAL FENOLIK, FLAVONOID, DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN PADA DAUN SERTA BATANG TANAMAN Coleus amboinicus Lour (BANGUN-BANGUN)(2014-03-27) Yulianto, I.; Abdullah, C.; Jose, C.The objective of this study was to analyze the total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of leaves and stems of C. amboinicus. Two different watering treatments (EM5 and FPE) were applied to C. amboinicus during cultivation. The results showed that leaves of C. amboinicus treated with FPE had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content than other samples. The total phenolic content was 2.09 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g of dry weight (DW) and the total flavonoid content was 6.218 mg Catechin Equivalent (CTE)/g of DW respectively. The leaves treated with FPE also had the highest antioxidant activity by FRAP test (0.058 mmol Fe+2/g DW). The highest antioxidant activity by DPPH test was found in the leaves treated with EM5 (1.42 mg Ascorbic Acid Equivalent (AAE)/g DW). From this study it can be concluded that leaves of C. amboinicus was the best source of antioxidant. FPE watering treatment gave a better influence on total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of C. amboinicus than EM5Item IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN FRAKSI DARI EKSTRAK N-HEKSANA DAUN TUMBUHAN Goniothalamus sesquipedalis(2013-06-28) Syainanda, V. K.; Teruna, H. Y.; Jose, C.In Indonesia, Goniothalamus sesquipedalis could be found in Hutan Lindung Bukit Suligi, Rokan Hulu Regency, Riau Province where the leaves of G. sesquipedalis were collected. An antioxidant activity determination of G. sesquipedalis leaves extracts had been done by using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl–2–picryl hydrazyl) method. The results showed that methanol extract was more active as antioxidant (IC50 = 88,0722 μg/mL ) compared to n-hexane extract (IC50 = 754,7705 μg/mL). The extract was obtained by 3 times macerating dried leaves powder of G. sesquipedalis by using n-hexane and methanol respectively. The n-hexane extract was fractionated by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and the second fraction (F2) of VLC was continued to be fractionated by using Chromatotron. Fractions of F4-F8 of Chromatotron were combined to be one fraction because of same number of retardation factor (Rf) on thin layer chromatography (TLC) determination. Analysis and identification of chemical components in combined Chromatotron fraction of the n-hexane leaves extract were determined by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The main components of this fraction were α-humulene; (-)-sinularene; germacrene-D; δ-cadinene; α-selinene and neophytadiene. DDPH method was also used to determine antioxidant activity of this fraction. The result showed that combined Chromatotron fraction had the lowest antioxidant activity with %inhibition = 17,0421% (1000 μg/mL).Item OPTIMALISASI PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE BAKTERI SELULOLITIK DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN LIMBAH AMPAS TEBU SEBAGAI SUBSTRAT(2014-03-27) Suri, H.; Jose, C.; Haryani, Y.The S-16 and S-22 cellulolytic bacterias isolated from Siak River water were used in this study to produce cellulase using sugarcane bagasse. Sugarcane bagasse contains ± 50% cellulose that can be used as a substrate in the production of cellulase. Cellulase is an enzyme that catalyses the hidrolisis of β-1-4-glycosidic bond of cellulose. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimum concentration of sugarcane bagasse (0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) The results indicated that 1% bagasse substrate with 24 hours of production time gave the optimum enzyme activity. The enzyme activity of S-16 and S-22 were 0,000233±0,00091 U/mL and 0,01259±0,00042 U/mLItem PENENTUAN PARAMETER FISIKA-KIMIA DAN TOTAL MIKROBA INDIKATOR PADA AIR SUNGAI SIAK KECAMATAN TUALANG DAERAH MEREDAN(2014-03-27) Zulkhairul; Jose, C.; Kartika, G. F.The aim of this research was to analyze the physico-chemical parameters and the total microbial indicators in water. Water samples were taken in July 2013 from four sampling sites at Siak river in Tualang, Meredan. The results showed that the range of pH, TDS, and nitrate in water samples were 6.03-6.13, 32 mg/L, 0.413-0.752 mg/L respectively, which below maximum allowable level, according to PP No. 82, 2001. The water temperature and phosphate content ranged between 29-30oC, 0.427-2.356 mg/L, which were higher than the standard. The level of Coliform and E. coli contamination in water samples were 1.5×102-5.4×103 CFU/mL and 0.2×102 -0.6×103 CFU/mL, respectively. The level of total bacteria contamination in water samples was 2.3×103-1.5×105 MPN/mL while the fungi contamination was 1×102-1×103 CFU/mL.