Browsing by Author "Hermanto"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Evaluasi Kinerja Kompor Gasifikasi Forced Draft
    (Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Indonesia dan Musyawarah Nasional APTEKINDO 2012, 2012) Hermanto; Zulfansyah; Fermi Muhammad Iwan
    The availability of biomass as a source of primary energy in Indonesia is very abundant, reaching 280 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) and approximately 84% of the biomass has been used for the household sector. The application of gasification stove especially in cooking purposes can increase the efficiency of fuel usage. This research uses three units gasification stove with dimension stove 1 (H1 = 16 cm , D1 = 10 cm); stove 2 (H2 = 16 cm, D2 = 12 cm) and stove 3 (H3 = 20 cm, D3 = 12 cm). While the fuel was branches of acacia wood with moisture content 7.26%, 9.63% and 12.58%. Procedure water boiling test (WBT) was used to evaluating stove performance. Additional parameter such as operating time and flame temperature of the stove is including in evaluation of stove performance. The experimental results obtained average start up time is to 2 minutes and operating time of gasification stove reach to 32 minutes. Thermal efficiency of the forced draft gasification stove is approximately 25.03% to 30.44%, with the highest efficiency is on the stove with 12 cm diameter, 16 cm high and fuel with 9.63% biomass moisture content. Although the resulting flame is reddish yellow, but the forced draft gasification stove capable of producing up to 3.43 kWth thermal energy with the highest flame temperature reaches 933OC. The results show that the gasification stove operating conditions greatly affect the performance of the stove.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Potensi Penerapan Gasifikasi Biomassa pada Pabrik CPO
    (2013-05-08) Hermanto; Iwan Fermi, Muhammad; Zulfansyah; Zahrina, Ida
    Indonesia is the world largest palm oil producer with over 23 milion tons of crude palm oil (CPO) production in 2010. About 77% of CPO is exported and the rest is used for domestic consumption. In the palm oil processing, one ton of fresh fruit bunchs can produce 0.23 ton CPO and 0.41 ton of solid waste like empty fruit bunchs, kernel shell and mesocarp fibre. Wheres in plantation, fell trunk, fronds of felling and annual pruning are the the main bio-waste. Some of these fibres and shells are utilized as fuel for mill’s boiler. Biomass energy potentials from palm oil processing were estimated about 83 GW. The objective of this paper is to present the result of study about biomass gasification potential on palm oil mill to generate electricity. The mass heat efficiency and electrical efficiency for biomass gasification were observed were 27.5 % and 25.6 % respectively, and from total biomass were estimated 21 GWe of electricity will be produce. The implementation of biomass gasification in Indonesia will fulfill the electricity demand and reduce the environmental problem in indonesia.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    REVIEW TEKNOLOGI PROSES PENGOLAHAN KAKAO
    (2014-02-06) Amraini, Said Zul; Rionaldo, Hari; Hermanto; Kurniawan, Nyoman; Zulfansyah
    Indonesia merupakan negara pemasok kakao terbesar ke-3 di dunia dengan persentasi 13,6% setelah Pantai Gading (38,3%) dan Ghana (17,6%). Namun, produk kakao Indonesia yang diekspor dalam bentuk biji kakao (cocoa beans) memiliki kualitas yang masih rendah karen a pengolahannya masih tradisional, sehingga harganya pun dikenai potongan sebesar 10-15% dari harga biji kakao di dunia. Kakao adalah salah satu produk unggulan pertanian Indonesia yang masuk ke dalam program jangka panjang pemerintah dalam usaha hilirisasi industri pertanian guna meningkatkan nilai tambah hasil pertanian. Sayangnya di Indonesia, hingga saat ini, teknologi pengolahan kakao menjadi produk hilirnya seperti, cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, dan cocoa powder masih sangat minim. Review teknologi pengolahan kakao mengulas berbagai aspek pengolahan kakao. Dimulai dari pengolahan hulu, yaitu teknik pengolahan untuk mendapatkan kualitas biji yang baik hingga tahapan proses hilir yang meliputi, cleaning, roasting, winnowing dan breaking, alkalisation, drying, grinding, crushing dan pulverising. Berbagai infonnasi yang dipaparkan dalatn artikel ini diharapkan dapat membantu perkembangan teknologi pengolahan kakoa hingga menjadi produk hilirnya.