Browsing by Author "Hendra, Rudi"
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Item EKSTRAKSI DAN UJI ANTIOKSIDAN TUMBUHAN KELAKAI (Stenochlaena palustris)(2020-08) Saputra, Adi; Hendra, RudiKelakai (S. palustris) is an epiphytic plant that lives in Riau, specially swampy area. This study aim was to evaluate antioxidant activity from different extracts of S. palustris. The extraction method was done by using macerationin methanol followed by partitioned with n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), and ethyl acetate.The extracts were tested for antioxidant activity by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) of extracts showed various activities where DCM extract depicted high activity.Item FRAKSINASI KROMATOGRAFI KOLOM METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI Penicillium sp. LBKURCC34 BERPOTENSI ANTIBAKTERI Escherichia coli(2021-03) Sary, Dian Novita; Hendra, Rudi; Nurulita, YuanaPenicillium sp. LBKURCC34 is a a producer of secondary metabolite compounds that has several biological activities such as antibacteria and is known as of antibiotics. In this study, Penicillium sp. LBKURCC34 was tested as a producer of antibacterial active compounds against E. coli. Ethyl acetate crude extract from 14 days fermentation of Penicillium sp. LBKURCC34 was tested by TLC by several ration of eluants, such as ethyl acetate: n-hexane (1:1; 3:2; and 7:3) with UV light (254 and 366 nm). Column chromatography separation produced 13 fractions with some of the fractions have antie. coli.Item ISOLASI DAN UJI TOKSISITAS SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK n-HEKSANA TUMBUHAN PAKU AHAKA (Vittaria elongata Sw)(2020-10) Norwahyuni, Norwahyuni; Hendra, Rudielongata Sw ferns is one of the fern plants known as ahaka fern area wich is widely distributed in kampar and pelalawan, Riau Province. The study was to isolate and then characterize the pure compounds obtained from extract n-hexana and to determine the toxicity of the secondary metabolites compound by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. Extraction techniques were applied by using maceration method with methanol, continued fractionation by partition using nhexane. Secondary metabolites compounds were separated by using liquid chromatography and flash chromatography, then the pure compounds were characterized by FTIR. A compound obtained the result of isolation in the form of the brownish white amorphous solid with melting point of 219-221˚C. Of toxicity test that is good on n-hexane extract with the value of the LC₅ₒ was showed 161,163 μg/mL, from the data above was concluded that compound was toxic.Item PENENTUAN FENOLIK, VITAMIN C DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TANAMAN SELADA (Lactuca sativa L.) YANG DIRAWAT DENGAN EKSTRAK TANAMAN TERFERMENTASI(2012-11-20) Reno Raisandi, Mohd; Jose, Christine; Hendra, RudiLettuce (Lactuca sativa L) can serve as a source of vitamins, minerals and natural antioxidants. The cultivation system organically and conventionally can influence the nutrients and antioxidant contents. In this study, the total phenolic, flavonoid, vitamin C content, antioxidant activity and flavonoid composition of lettuce extract were carried out. Fresh weight and percentage of damaged leaves of lettuce were determine too as physical analysis. Two different treatment (FPE and control) were used for organic lettuce. The results showed that the fresh weight of plants were not significantly different. Organic lettuce with FPE treatment (5,10%) had lower (P0,05) percentage of leaves damaged than control treatment (18,23%). Compared to conventional lettuce, organic lettuce with FPE (9,873 GAE mg/g) and control (9,000 GAE mg/g) treatment had a significantly (P0,05) higher content of phenolic. Organic lettuce with FPE treatment showed higher flavonoid (10,681 QE mg/g) and vitamin C (0,460 AAE mg/g) content. For antioxidant activities, organic lettuce with FPE treatment gave the best FRAP (0,234 mmol Fe2+/g), FTC (55,05%), DPPH (482,33 g/mL) and NO radical scavenging (4,619 mg/mL) values. Determination of flavonoid composition showed that lettuce extracts didn’t contain standards of flavonoid compound (quercetin, catechin, naringin, and rutin). Lettuce extracts could be contained other flavonoid compounds. From this study, it can be concluded that the percentage of phenolic and vitamin C might be contributed to the antioxidant activity and the amount of total phenolic and vitamin C content which might be influenced by the cultivation system.Item PENENTUAN KADAR TOTAL FLAVONOID DAN FENOLIK DARI TUMBUHAN PAKU SAYUR (Diplazium esculentum)(Elfitra, 2023-07) Rambah, Tiara Mulyani; Devi, Silvera; Hendra, RudiDiplazium esculentum is one of the species belonging to the Athyriaceae family which can be used as a medicinal plant. D. esculentum fern samples were extracted by maceration method using methanol solvent and followed by partitioned extract with two solvents namely n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Total flavonoid content was determined using the aluminium chloride colorimetric (AlCl3) method and total phenolics using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results of this study showed that the total flavonoids and phenolics content from ethyl acetate extract were higher than water extract with values of 149.90 ± 27.20 μg QE/g FW and 121.25 ± 8.29 μg GAE/g FW respectively.Item Sintesis dan Bioaktivitas Turunan Kurkumin dan Calkon(2013-04-17) Hendra, Rudi; Eryanti, Yum; Yuda Teruna, Hilwan; Yuharmen; NurbalatifTelah dilakiikan sintesis dua turunan kurkumin yaitu (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(4- kloropenil)siklohenon dan (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(4-fluoropenil)sikloheksanon, dari suatu aldehid aromatik dan turunan keton dalam suasana basa melalui reaksi kondensasi aldol. Semua senyawa hasil sintesis sudah dikarakterisasi dengan spektroskopi UV, IR dan NMR.Item SITOTOKSISITAS DARI BEBERAPA SENYAWA TURUNAN KURKUMIN PADA SEL P388(2014-05-21) Eryanti, Yum; Nurulita, Yuana; Yuharmen; Hendra, Rudi; Zamri, AdelFour analogue curcumins (3b, 3e, 3h and 3i) have been synthesized from aldehyde and ketone by using Claisen-Schmidt condensation under base condition. All the compounds have been confirmed their structure by using UN, IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopy analysis. Generally, all the compounds showed cytotoxicity activity with IC50 value 15 – 80 ppm against murine leukemia (P-388) cell lines. The results showed that 3i could inhibit the highest P-388 cell line growth percentage.Item UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DIKLOROMETANA TUMBUHAN AKAR KUNING (Arcangelisia flava)(Elfitra, 2023-06) Melisa, Mira; Hendra, RudiYellow root (Arcangelisia flava) is a liana plant that belongs to the family Menispermaceae. The extracts from various parts from this yellow root also show several pharmacological activities that have been studied such as antibacterial. This investigation aims to assess the antibacterial activity of A. flava plant extracts against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Bacillus subtillis ATCC 6633, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 and Vibrio alginolyticus ATCC 17749 using diffusion method. The results of the antibacterial test using the diffusion method revealed that the dichloromethane extract of yellow root plant (A. flava) at a concentration of 500 ppm had antibacterial activity in the medium to strong category against four test pathogenic bacteria.Item UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR DARI EKSTRAK JAMUR ENDOFIT Botryosphaeria rhodina TERHADAP JAMUR Candida albicans(Elfitra, 2023-04) Amalia, Fitri; Hendra, Rudi; Haryani, YuliEndophytic fungi are microorganisms that are able to form colonies in plant tissues without posing a threat to their hosts and that live in plant tissue systems at certain times. Botryosphaeria rhodina, isolated from mangroves in the Muara Sungai Siput region of the Bengkalis Regency, is one of the endophytic fungi with high biological activity. This study aims to isolate secondary metabolites from the extract of the endophytic fungus B. rhodina and assess their antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The microdilution method was used to determine the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) value, while the agar diffusion method was used to determine the MFC (minimum fungicidal concentration) value. Methanol and n-hexane extracts with concentrations of 1,000, 500 and 250 μg/mL were used as test samples. The results of the antifungal test revealed that the MIC values of the n-hexane extract, methanol extract, and MFC were 1,000 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL and 1,000 μg/mL, respectively, against C. albicans.Item UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR EKSTRAK DIKLOROMETANA AKAR KUNING (Arcangelisia flava L.) TERHADAP JAMUR Candida albicans(Elfitra, 2023-06) Fadhillah, Sekar; Hendra, RudiYellow root is a plant that belongs to Menispermaceae genus and widely used in traditional medicine due to its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties. One of the yellow root species that widely used in traditional medicine is Arcangelisia flava isolated from Ranah Sungkai Village, XII Koto Kampar District, Kampar Regency. This study aims to isolate secondary metabolites from the extract of yellow root (A. flava) and determine their antifungal activity against the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. The antifungal activity test was carried out using the microdilution method to determine the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) value and the agar diffusion method to determine the MFC (minimum fungicidal concentration) value. The test samples used were dicloromethane extracts with concentrations of 1,000, 500, 250 μg/mL. The results of the antifungal test showed that the dicloromethane extract had a MIC value of 250 μg/mL and MFC 250 μg/mL against C. albicans.Item UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT TUMBUHAN PAKU TANDUK RUSA (Platycerium bifurcatum) TERHADAP JAMUR Candida albicans DENGAN METODE MIKRODILUSI(Elfitra, 2023-06) Nadia, Nadia; Hendra, RudiPlatycerium bifurcatum or commonly known as the deer antler ferns belongs to the Polypodiaceae family. In nature, P. bifurcatum grows attached to large trees, rubber plantations and teak forests. This fern usually grows in clumps and has a rhizome root covered with supporting leaves and has a thick leaf base and fertile leaves hanging down in the shape of a deer antler. This study aims to isolate and to determine its antifungal activity using the microdilution method using C. albicans species. The isolation was carried out using the maceration method with methanol solvent and partitioned using n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. The results of the antifungal activity on the P. bifurcatum fern extract using the microdilution method showed that all extracts namely n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water had fungistatic potential with a MIC value of 250 ppm.Item UJI ANTIBAKTERI DENGAN METODE DIFUSI AGAR DARI EKSTRAK FUNGI ENDOFIT Botryosphaeria rhodina(Elfitra, 2022-07) Indrawan, Ali Nanda; Hendra, RudiBotryosphaeria rhodina is an endophytic fungus that colonizes various species of woody plants, one of which is mangrove plants. B. rhodina has attracted attention in research because of its ability to produce secondary metabolites. Several studies have reported these endophytic fungi to test their antibacterial activity, especially Gram-positive bacteria against bioactive compounds from different hosts. However, in this study, Gram-positive antibacterial activity tests (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtillis ATCC 19659 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876) were carried out from extracts of B. rhodina from mangrove plants. The results showed the value of the clear zone of the methanol extract and n-hexane extract on Gram-positive bacteria. Based on the antibacterial test using the agar diffusion method, it showed moderate antibacterial activity with the largest clear zone in the methanol extract, which was 20.11±2.1 mm in B. subtilis bacteria.Item UJI ANTIBAKTERI DENGAN METODE DIFUSI AGAR DARI EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN PAKU Platycerium bifurcatum(Elfitra, 2023-06) Putri, Mutiara Haryana; Hendra, RudiPlatycerium bifurcatum is an epiphytic fern, which belongs to the family polypdiceae and genus platycerium. P. bifurcatum has been tested for phytochemistry and contains secondary metabolite compounds. Several studies have been reported on this fern plant for antibacterial activity testing. In this study, Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtillis ATCC 19659) antibacterial activity tests were carried out from P. bifurcatum fern plant extracts. The results showed clear zone values from dichloromethane extract and ethyl acetate extract in Gram-positive bacteria. Based on antibacterial tests with diffusion methods in order to show moderate antibacterial activity with the largest clear zone in ethyl acetate extract, which is 16.58±1.70 in B. subtilis bacteria.Item UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DARI TUMBUHAN KELAKAI (Stenochlaena palustris)(perpustakaan UR, 2021-06) Malik, Ilham Abdul; Hendra, RudiStenochlaena palustris is a species of the genus Stenochlaena that grows in swampy areas and around palm trees, where it frequently forms dense thickets and spreads to cover the ground. Numerous species in this genus have been reported to be antioxidants and antibacterial agents. The purpose of this study is to evaluate antibacterial activity of the extract plants S. palustris. Antibacterial activity was determined using the agar diffusion technique. The extracts of S. palustris were used at a concentration of 30 μg, the antibiotic amoxsan® was used as a positive control, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a negative control. The results indicated that the extracts depicted various activities antibacterial Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Item UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK METANOL JAMUR Botryosphaeria rhodina DARI AKAR MANGROVE(Elfitra, 2023-04) Mawarni, Annisa; Hendra, Rudi; Haryani, YuliThe genus Botryosphaeria, which can flourish in a range of climatic conditions worldwide, includes the endophytic fungus Botryosphaeria rhodina. This genus's antimicrobial activity has been reported in several of its species. This investigation aims to assess the antibacterial activity of an endophytic fungus, B. rhodina, from the mangrove root, Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig, against Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, and Bacillus subtillis ATCC 19659. With a clear zone diameter ranging from 16 to 22 mm, the results of the antibacterial test using the well diffusion method revealed that the methanol extract at a concentration of 500 μg/mL had antibacterial activity in the strong to very strong category for all pathogenic bacteria tested. The L. monocytogenes bacteria had the largest clear zone, measuring 22.03 mm by 0.30 mm.Item UJI ANTIBAKTERI GRAM NEGATIF DARI EKSTRAK FUNGI ENDOFIT Botryosphaeria rhodina(Elfitra, 2022-07) Syarif, Syarif; Hendra, RudiBotryosphaeria rhodina is an endophytic fungus that most found in tropical fruit plants such as mangroves. Previous studies reported that B. rhodina derived from the mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum has the potential to produce good antibacterial activity. However, the Gram-negative antibacterial activity of this endophytic fungal extract is still rarely studied. This study aimed to test the antibacterial activity of Gram-negative endophytic fungi extract B. rhodina against Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Vibrio Algynolyticus ATCC 17749, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802. The results of the Gram-negative antibacterial assay carried out by the agar diffusion method showed that the n-hexane extracts of the endophytic fungus B. rhodina at a concentration of 500 g/mL had weak activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 13-19 mm against Gram-negative bacteria.Item UJI ANTIDIABETES DARI EKSTRAK DIKLOROMETANA n-HEKSANA DAN ETIL ASETAT TUMBUHAN PAKU Pyrrosia longifolia(Elfitra, 2021-12) Octori, Umi Gaya; Hendra, RudiPyrrosia longifolia is an epiphytic plant belonging to the Polypodiaceae family. It grows on large, old trees. Since this plant is commonly found. It is used as a herbal medicine. However, the anti-diabetic activity of this plant has not been thoroughly investigated. According to the results of an in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory assay antidiabetic test against the α-glucosidase enzyme, the crude extract of n-hexane inhibits the enzyme by 7.5 percent, dicloromethane inhibits the enzyme by 16.2 percent, ethyl acetate inhibits the enzyme by 6.8 percent and water inhibits the enzyme by 20.4 percent. It was concluded that the extracts of nhexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water did not have good inhibitory activity against the α-glucosidase enzyme.Item UJI ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT TUMBUHAN PAKU KELAKAI (Stenochlaena palustris)(Elfitra, 2023-06) Prananda, Adam; Hendra, Rudi; Devi, SilveraKelakai, also known as Stenochlaena palustris, is a fern that is commonly used as a medicinal plant for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, antianemia, and antidiabetic properties. The purpose of this study was to observe the activity of extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of S.palustris in its ability as inhibitor of the α-glucosidase enzyme. A plant is said to have good antidiabetic activity if it has an IC value50 below 100 μg/mL. According to the results of the in vitro antidiabetic test α-glucosidase inhibitory assay on the α-glucosidase enzyme performed, the ethyl acetate extract has an IC value50 of 37.57 μg/mL. Meanwhile, for the extraction results of ethyl acetate extract S.palustris using the vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) method, 5 fractions were produced and only fractions 5 had good anti-diabetic activity, which had an IC value50 141,31 μg/mL.Item UJI ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN PAKU (Pyrrosia lanceolata)(Elfitra, 2022-07) Febriani, Amalia; Hendra, RudiPyrrosia lanceolata is one of the Polypodiaceae species that is commonly employed as a traditional medicinal plant. Previous research have reported that extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol from this plant have anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant activity against ethanolic extracts with a value of 70.55% using the DPPH method and in a consentration 10 ppm. However, the antioxidant activity of extract from this plant has not been studied. The IC50 value of the n-hexane extract was 71.62 μg/mL, that of the dichloromethane extract was 48.55 μg/mL, that of the ethyl acetate extract was 12.08 μg/mL, that of the methanol extract was 2.23 μg/mL, that of the water was 35.83 μg/mL, and that of the ascorbic acid was 8.56 μg/mL. According to the IC50 value, the ethyl acetate extract had higher antioxidant activity than the nhexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and water extracts, but lower than the positive control ascorbic acid.Item UJI ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN PAKU Pyrrosia longifolia(Elfitra, 2023-04) Lavionda, Sheryl Sesari; Hendra, RudiPyrrosia longifolia is an epiphytic plant on polypodiaceae family. This species has underreported, while other species such as P. petiolosa and P. lancelota have been reported as sources of antioxidants. Antioxidants have an important role in maintaining health because they can capture free radical molecules which are the causes of various diseases. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of extract of P. longifolia. Analysis the results antioxidant activity test on n-hexane extract had IC50 782,68 μg/mL, dichloromethane had IC50 81,49 μg/mL, ethyl acetate had IC50 28,22 μg/mL and water had IC50 90,22 μg/mL. It was concluded that the extract of n-hexane showed very weak antioxidant activity and dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water showed strong antioxidant activity.