LOCAL WISDOM (KEARIFAN LOKAL) MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN DAN PELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN OLEH NINIK MAMAK DI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI PROVINSI RIAU
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Date
2018-03-12
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Abstract
Every Society possesses distinctive local wisdoms, encompasses the maintanence of lake,
river banks, lands and forests. The society of Kuantan Singingi regency, such as Teratak
Air Hitam, Siberakun, Simandolak villages having local wisdom to frimarily protect Hutan
Larangan (prohibited forest), river banks as well as traditional ethno technology with
friendly environments. This is qualitative research design in case study. The data are
collected through observation, depth interview and key informan derived from the chief of
five tribes, namely : Melayu, Paliang Soni, Chaniago, Patayo and Caromin tribes.
The local wisdom form of Rantau Kuantan, they are : the maintanence of Hutan Larangan
(prohibited forest), river managements, by planting trees which are protectable toward
abrasion and using a friendly ethno technology. The prohibited forests aren’t allowed to
be somehow cut down, taken away its products for private interests, because there are
conventional rules along whith strong traditional sanctions. Furthermore, river banks
protection is carried out through trees plantation which are capable of resisting abrasion,
such as bamboo, aur (smaller than bamboo), betung (larger than bamboo), mali-mali ( a
wild plant naturally grow up along a river bank usable for river bank protection). Waru ( a
wild plant with a large leafs), Jambak ( a wild plant in with its fruits are eatable), Bungur (
a wild plant whith heavy leafs, Jai-jai / Baringin ( a wild plant whith many roots), Sungkai
( a wild plant for furniture), Ara ( a wild plant in which its fruits are eatable), Ara
Bumbung ( a wild plant in which its fruits are eatable to bird and fish), Linsono ( a wild
plant whith red rubber), Enau = sugar palm ( a wild plant in which its fiber is usable for
many purposes), Pinang (areca nut), Tebu air/Taboraw/Parupuk ( a wild plant which is
similar to sugar cane), Pimping ( a wild plant which is smaller than sugar cane), and
Katapang ( a wild plant like almond tree growing near river bank which bears edible
nuts).
As for ethno technoloby, such as guntang (floated hook), jala ( a hand –held casting net),
jaring ( a fishing net), posok (fishing trapped net), rawai (fishing line hook), lintoban
(fishing basket made of rottan), panila/pangilar ( a fishing trap made of rottan, jantang (
a fishing stick made of brand of bamboo), luka ( a fishing trap made of bamboo), kail ( a
fishing hook), sarokok ( a fishing trap whith conical form), tangguak ( a fishing trap of
rottan) and sintak ( a fishing four-sided net). The society has good knowledge of many
spicies of tree and of colors, the knowledge is usable for coloring fishing instruments,
such as for coloring floated hook, fishing stick, gear ner, and fishing ring.
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Keywords
Local wisdom, environment