Respon Dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Pupuk Fosfat (P) Oleh Berbagai Kultivar Kedelai (Glycine max L. merril)

Abstract

Soybean is one of the strategic crops other than rice, but in terms of increased soybean production is still difficult to be pursued. Lower soybean production is inseparable from the land factor. Several factors that affect the availability of P in the soil, including soil type, soil pH and inundation. Department of Agriculture estimates that each year continues to increase soy consumption, so it is a challenge for the government to increase soybean production. This study was conducted at the Experimental Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, from June to October 2009. This study uses a randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor is 6 soybean cultivars, namely: Slamet, kipas putih, Malabar, 14 DD, 19 BE, 25 EC. The second factor is the phosphate fertilizer dosing with 2 levels ie P0: Without giving P2O5 and P1: 25 kg P2O5 per ha. Parameters observed in this study is the degree of P, P uptake efficiency, seed production per plot, the efficiency of seed production, plant height, number of pods cropping, percentage pithy pods, number of seed planting, a dry weight of 100 seeds and harvest index. Soybean production efficiency found in cultivars of white and 19 BE kipas putih cultivars slamet, malabar, 14 DD and 25 EC without fertilized seed yield optimal production efficiency. Optimal P uptake efficiency resulting cultivars malabar, 14 DD, 19 BE and 25 EC and kipas putih cultivars and P uptake efficiency slamet cultivar relatively high when no fertilizer P. Soybean production efficiency and optimum efficiency of P uptake without fertilizer, it is presumably because P available in soil research in sufficient quantities.