Fermentasi nira nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) menjadi bioetanol menggunakan kombinasi ragi Pichia stipitis dan Saccharomyces cereviceae dalam BIOFLO 2000 FERMENTOR

Abstract

Indonesian palm forest land has a very broad (973,205.54 ha) spread on the island of Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Irian Jaya. Ethanol consumption of the world for a variety of uses has increased very significantly in recent years. Nipa sap is one of potential materials to be processed into bioethanol. Availability of nypa palm land in Indonesia and a fairly high sugar content (15-17%) makes nipa sap has the potential to be processed into bioethanol. Fermentation of palm sap using a combination of yeast Saccharomyces and Pichia stipitis cereviceae with starter volume variation of 10%, 15%, 20% and fermentation time variation of 6,12,24,48,72 and 96 hours to determine the effect on bioethanol yield, the use of substrates and growth phase combination of yeast Saccharomyces and Pichia stipitis cereviceae. The degree of acidity of the fermentation medium is maintained at pH 4,5, stirring speed of 200 rpm and temperature of fermentation at room temperature (25 - 30 0C). Ethanol concentrations were analyzed using alkoholmeter. The process of optimum fermentation conditions indicated in the addition of 20% volume starter and fermentation time of 48 hours of the initial sugar concentration of 193,382 mg/ml. Bioethanol concentration obtained in this condition is 12% (v/v) or 94,716 mg/ml with the acquisition of 95,849% yield.