PENGARUH TEMPERATUR PADA PROSES LIKUIFIKASI TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOETANOL MENGGUNAKAN PATI SORGUM SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU

Abstract

The use of fuel oil (BBM) from fossil fuels is not increasing in line with the decreasing oil production annually. Thus it takes new and renewable energy sources that can meet the energy needs such as bioethanol from sorghum starch. Sorghum starch content ranged from 56-73%, with an average of 69.5% and amounted to 73.8% carbohydrates. This study aims to convert sorghum starch into bioethanol through likuifikasi, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SFS) and determine the influence of temperature variations on levels of bioethanol likuifikasi. This study varying the temperature of 75oC likuifikasi; 85 oC, 95 oC and time-taking process SFS ie 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours at optimum pH 5 and enzymes mass of each 0.2 mL. Tests were conducted with alkoholmeter and sugar analysis using visible light spectrophotometer. The results showed that the highest sugar concentration obtained in the process of using the enzyme amylase likuifikasi reached 13.95 g / ml at a temperature of 850C, whereas the highest ethanol concentration of 50 g / L at 24 hours SFS and temperature 85oC.