ESTERIFIKASI PFAD (PALM FATTY ACID DISTILLATE) MENJADI BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS H-ZEOLIT DENGAN VARIABEL WAKTU REAKSI DAN KECEPATAN PENGADUKAN

Abstract

Requirement of petroleum for future always increase suitable with development that happened in Indonesia. But, if we realize, in the reality not enough existing petroleum reserve to fulfill requirement in the future. Therefore, from this time important to think of alternative energy that able to be developed as substitution. Petroleum is fossil fuel which can not to be innovated. PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distillate) is raw material that have big potency to making biodiesel. Biodiesel is one of the alternative source substitution to made diesel oil that use reaction of vegetation oil esterification. Esterification is reaction of free fat acid with alcohol to form ester and water. Esterification PFAD use H-Zeolit that preparation of natural zeolites, alcohol which used for esterification reaction is methanol. Esterification PFAD variable is time reaction ( 30 minute, 60 minute and 90 minute), the mixer speed (100 rpm, 200 rpm, 300 rpm), ratio of molar PFAD : methanol of 1:5 and heavy ratio H-Zeolit catalyst is 15 % (basic PFAD). Biodisel which result will be analyse viscosity kinematic, density, cloud point, flash point, and cetane number. This research got highest reaction conversion when reaction of 60 minute and mixer speed is 300 rpm that is 39,26 %.