GAMBARAN KEJADIAN POST OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (PONV) PADA PASIEN YANG MENJALANI ANESTESI UMUM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LARYNGEAL MASK AIRWAY (LMA) DI RSUD ARIFIN ACHMAD PROVINSI RIAU

Abstract

Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complaints that can lead serious complications for the patient. PONV was more frequent in patients under general anesthesia rather than regional anesthesia. In the general anesthesia is necessary for the controll patient's airway. The Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) is an alternative airway device used for anesthesia and airway support. This study aimed describe the incidence of PONV after general anesthesia using LMA based on the severity, age, gender, history of PONV, smoking history, duration of surgery and anesthesia, and the type of operation. After Ethical Clearance by the Research Ethics Unit of Medicine and Health Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, in a cross-sectional descriptive study, a total of 45 patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia and LMA accordance to the inclusive and exclusive criteria were included. Post-surgery, the incidence of PONV was observed within the first 24 hours. The severity of PONV was determined by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The results of this research showed that the incidence of PONV was 22%. Incidence of PONV were more commonly found in women (25%), the age group 9-16 years (33.3%), mild severity of PONV (11.1%), with a history of PONV (67%), with non-smokers patients (25.6%), patients with the duration of surgery and anesthesia more than 30 to 2 hours (33%), and the type of orthopedic surgery (50%).