PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SUBSTRAT DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI PADA PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT NENAS (ANANAS COMOSUS L.MERR) UNTUK PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE

Abstract

Pineapple’s skin is a fairly large agricultural wastes in Indonesia. Potential cellulose in a large pineapple’s skin can be used as a substrate in the production of cellulases that can add economic value to the pineapple’s skin. The purpose of this research was to produced cellulase enzyme and determine the effect of fermentation time and substrate concentration on enzyme production. The method in this research used solid fermentation system. The research did by fixed variables such as nutrient in the media (urea 30 mg, MgSO4.7H2O 5 mg, 2.3 mg KH2PO4), the beginning pH fermentation used pH 5, fermentation temperature used room temperature. The change variables used substrate concentration 0.5 g / ml, 1 g / ml, 1.5 g / ml, 2 g / ml and a variable fermentation time 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days. Fermentation’s result was extracted and centrifuged to obtain a crude extract of cellulose enzyme. Then the crude extract of cellulase enzyme activity was tested by adding cotton and glucose hydrolysis yield was determined using DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid). The experimental results showed that the substrate pineapple’s skin can be used to produce the enzyme cellulase by Aspergillus niger with the highest enzyme activity were seen from the highest glucose 3.57 gr glucose/liter. Optimum enzyme activity obtained at substrate concentration 1 gr/ml and 4 days of fermentation time.