Browsing by Author "Yus, Yusnarti"

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    Isolasi Dan Seleksi Rhizobiun Spp Dan Azotobacter Spp Pendegradasi Bahan Aktif Herbisida
    (wahyu sari yeni, 2017-09-13) Martina, Atria; Lestari, Wahyu; Yus, Yusnarti; Titrawani
    2,4-D merupakan bahan aktif herbisida yang sering digunakan pada pertanian yang sering mengkontaminasi tanah dan air tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh isolat Rhizobium spp dan Azotobacter spp serta menguji kemampuannya dalam mendegradasi herbisida 2,4-D. Azotobacte sppr diisolasi dari tanah pertanian jagung dan sawah sedangkan Rhizobium sp dari nodul akar tanaman kedelai. Seleksi dilakuan 2 tahap. Tahap pertama meggunakan garam mineral yang mengandung 2,4-D 20 mg/L dengan waktu inkubasi 3 minggu sedangkan tahap kedua dengan konsentrasi 2,4 –D 50 mg/L inkubasi 2 minggu. Pada konsentrasi 2,4-D 20 mg/L terdapat 10 isolat Rhizobium sp dan 8 Azotobacter spp yang mampu tumbuh. Pada konsentrasi 2,4-D 50 mg/l terdapat 7 isolat Rhizobium sp yang tumbuh. Rhizobium sp isolat A 2.2 merupakan isolat yang mempunyai kemampuan tertinggi dengan zona perubahan warna 2,40 cm. Azotobacter spp yang tumbuh pada konsentrasi 2,4-D 50 mg/L hanya 2 isolat dimana isolat B1.2 merupakan mempunyai kemempuan degradasi tertinggi dengan diameter zona 1,53 cm.
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    Karakterisasi Morfometrik Dan Meristik Kryptopterus Spp. Di Provinsi Riau
    (2015-07-07) Elvyra, Roza; Yus, Yusnarti
    Ikan Kryptopterus spp. biasa hidup pada ekosistem sungai paparan banjir yang dikenal juga dengan sungai rawa banjiran atau floodplain river. Ikan-ikan dalam genus Kryptopterus di Indonesia dikenal dengan nama ikan lais. Ikan-ikan ini di Indonesia hanya tersebar pada beberapa sungai di Kalimantan dan Sumatera. Salah satu daerah penyebarannya di Sumatera adalah di provinsi Riau. Di provinsi Riau, ikan lais Kryptopterus spp. merupakan ikan yang dikonsumsi masyarakat dan bemilai ekonomis tinggi. Ikan lais dalam bentuk salai (diawetkan dengan cara diasap) merupakan ciri khas makanan daerah Riau. Penelitian yang fokus terhadap jenis-jenis ikan Kryptopterus spp. di Indonesia umumnya dan di Riau khususnya, masih sangat sedikit dilakukan. Informasi yang jelas mengenai keanekaragaman jenis dalam genus Kryptopterus masih perlu digali. Apalagi data keanekaragaman jenis Kryptopterus spp. yang telah dihasilkan dalam buku identifikasi yang ada, sejauh ini masih belum terdokumentasi secara utuh dengan jumlah sampel yang hanya satu-satu. Sementara itu, data mengenai hubungan kekerabatan Kryptopterus spp. balk secara intraspesies maupun interspesies, dan keterkaitan perbedaan morfometrik tubuh Kryptopterus spp. dengan kekhasan parameter fisika kimia habitatnya di sungai-sungai provinsi Riau belum diketahui.
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    KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN BIOMASSA RAYAP TANAH DI DUA SISTEM BUDIDAYA KARET PADA LAHAN GAMBUT DI KAWASAN BUKIT BATU, RIAU
    (2013-07-04) Saputra, Andi; Muhammad, Ahmad; Yus, Yusnarti
    Two different rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) cultivation systems can be encountered on peatland, namely the “rubber jungle system” and “rubber small-plantation system”, the names of which reflect the difference in management intensity. In this study, we investigated whether the difference in some physical characteristics between these systems has impact on subterranean termite diversity and biomass. Four rubber jungle plots and four rubber small-plantation plots located in the peatland of Bukit Batu area, Riau, were selected to test it. Termites were collected in each plot with the help of a 100 m-long transect line on which ten smaller sampling plots (100 cm x 100 cm) were laid at regular interval (10 m) during the period of July-September 2011. We found eight species, six genera, four subfamilies, and two families in this study. Species found only in the jungle plots were Capritermes mohri, Termes rostratus, and Bulbitermes constrictiformis, while species found only in the small-plantation plots are Coptotermes havilandi, and Parrhinotermes sp. Three termite species that could be encountered in both were Coptotermes curvignatus, Schedorhinotermes sarawakensis and Capritermes latignatus. The difference in species composition between the two types of rubber cultivation system was 55.46% (Bray-Curtis Dissimilarity Index). Termite biomass was small in both systems although the biomass in jungle system (0.38 + 0.3 gr/m2) was slightly larger than that in small-plantation system (0.14 + 0.15 gr/m2) (P>0.05).
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    Keanekaragaman Genetika Ikan Lais Cryptopterus Spp. Dari Propinsi Riau Berdasarkan Sitokrom-B Dna Mitokondria
    (2015-07-05) Yus, Yusnarti; Elvyra, Roza
    Ikan Lais Cryptopterus spp. biasa hidup pada ekosistem sungai rawa banjiran. Ikan Lais merupakan salah satu ikan yang bemilai ekonomis tinggi. Di propinsi Riau, ikan Lais digemari oleh masyarakat, apalagi kalau ikan ini sudah diawetkan dalam bentuk salai rasanya lebih gurih dan harganya lebih mahal. Ikan Lais merupakan salah satu potensi daerah Riau. Informasi fundamental mengenai ikan lais sangat perlu diketahui dengan pasti, terutama mengenai keanekaragaman genetika dan hubungan kekerabatannya. Informasi ini dapat digali dengan teknik molekuler yang telah berkembang pesat akhir-akhir ini. Penelitian terhadap gen sitokrom-b DNA mitokondria dapat dilakukan untuk mempelajari keanekaragaman genetika dan hubungan kekerabatan spesies dalam genus atau famili yang sama.
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    KELIMPAHAN DAN BIOMASSA CACING TANAH DI BEBERAPA JENIS PENGGUNAAN LAHAN GAMBUT DI KAWASAN BUKIT BATU, RIAU
    (2013-07-19) Christina, Ridho; Muhammad, Ahmad; Yus, Yusnarti
    Although peatlands possess the unsuitable environmental characteristics as habitats of earthworms, fundamental changes after deforestation and draination that have taken place following land cultivation after, has modified their harsh environment into friendlier one. This study has been carried out to test whether earthworms were present on peatlands, especially those which have been converted into different land-use types. The specific objectives of this study were to assess the presence, abundance and biomass of earthworms under such land-use types like natural forest, rubber plantation, industrial pulpwood plantation (HTI), oil palm plantation, homegardens, and newly cleared-natural forest. This study had been conducted from December 2010 – October 2011 in peatland of Bukit Batu area, Riau. Each type of land use was represented by four separate sampling locations and at each location one diagonal transect line of 100 m was drawn, which composed of 10 subplots measuring 25 cm x 25 cm x 10 cm with an interval of 10 m. At each location, at which the aboveground conditions (number of tree species, tree density, basal area of trees and litter abundance) and belowground (water table, peat water content, peat pH and C/N ratio) were recorded. Results showed that earthworms could be found in most land-use types, including peat swamp forest. There was significant difference on earthworm presence frequencies (P<0.05), abundance (P<0.05) and biomass (P>0.05) in most land-use types. Earthworm were found most abundant in largest abundance and biomass in homegardens and oil palm plantation. Earthworm's presence in peatland were affected by water table, peat water content, and peat pH. There was indication of invasion by an exotic earthworm species (Pontoscolex corethrurus).
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    SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE FAUNA ON A PEATLAND: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE SPECIES DIVERSITY AND BIOMASS UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE TYPES
    (2014-05-21) Muhammad, Ahmad; Ayu, Febri; Saputra, Andi; Yus, Yusnarti; Purnasari, Treshandila; Salbiah, Desita
    Owing to their wet nature, peatlands in their original conditions may not be favorable habitats for most ground-dwelling organisms. Apart from being acidic, peat is water saturated most of the times, making it unlikely habitatble for such organisms. After the construction of drainage system, however, substantial amount of water can be drawn out from the peat, resulting the drop of water table. We hypothesized that the alteration of this fundamental feature of peatlands might promote the proliferation ground-dwelling organisms in peatland habitats and/or colonization by non-native ones. We tested our hypothesis by surveying termite species richness and biomass under different land use systems that reflected a gradient of water table alteration (from shallower than 20 cm to deeper than 100 cm below the surface). The study has been carried out under peat swamp forest, rubber jungle, rubber plantation, oil palm plantation, homegarden, and acacia plantation forest in Bukit Batu area, Riau, Sumatra. We encountered a total 18 spp of subterranean termites with the average of only 6.2 spp found under each land use type. The average subterranean termite biomass was 0.29 gr/m2. Our data did not support our hypothesis in a way that subterranean termites were even most diverse (9 spp) and demonstrated largest biomass (0.53 gr/m2) under peat swamp forest, where the water table was never deeper than 20 cm and the peat was almost always watersaturated. However, the striking differences in species composition between peat swamp forest assemblage and those under other land use types suggest that the conversion of peatland might have significantly reduced the number of species native to this ecosystem, while inviting nonnative ones