Browsing by Author "Tamboesai, E. M."
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Item KARAKTERISASI BIOMARKER DAN PENENTUAN KEMATANGAN TERMAL MINYAK MENTAH (CRUDE OIL) DARI SUMUR MINYAK DURI (OSD-1)(2013-07-02) Putri, M. N.; Tamboesai, E. M.; Awaluddin, A.The crude oil sample of Duri oil well (OSD-1) was determined based on the content of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The content of aliphatic hydrocarbons were characterized by gas chromatography (GC) whereas that of aromatic hydrocarbons were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the present work, various geochemical parameters have been used to confirm organic matter source, the waxiness, depositional environment and thermal maturity value. Based on abundance of aliphatic hydrocarbons, the studied oil sample of Duri oil well (OSD-1) was formed from a mixed organic source with more contribution from higher vascular plants (terrestrial). The result also indicated that the oil sample of Duri oil well (OSD-1) has high waxy value and originated from delta marine (aquatic-lacustrine) deposited under oxidizing environment. The level of maturity of Duri crude oil was characterized by maturity parameters, such as methylphenanthrene index (MPI), methylphenanthrene ratio and vitrinite reflectance equivalence (VRE). The values of above parameters are as follows; 3 for 0.85 for methylphenanthrene index 3 (MPI 3), 1.14 for methyl phenanthrene ratio (MPR) and 0,81% for vitrinite reflectance equivalent (VRE) respectively. The values showed that the studied oil sample of Duri oil well (OSD-1) is at mid maturity level.Item KARAKTERISASI BIOMARKER DAN PENENTUAN KEMATANGAN TERMAL MINYAK MENTAH (CRUDE OIL) DARI SUMUR MINYAK MINAS (OSM-1)(2013-07-02) Oktaviani, Rahmi; Tamboesai, E. M.; Awaluddin, A.The crude oil sample from Minas oil well (OSM-1) was fractionated by column chromatography into saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons as well as polar compounds. The saturated hydrocarbons were characterized using gas chromatography (GC) whereas aromatic hydrocarbons were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The biomarker compositions indicated that Minas crude oil was derived from a mixed organic matter source with the main contribution from higher plants (terrestrial), with mid wax content. It was also showed that Minas crude oil was deposited from lacustrine depositional environment under oxic conditions. The thermal maturity of Minas crude oil was determined by maturity parameters from aromatic hydrocarbons such as methylphenanthrene index (MPI) and vitrinite reflectance equivalent (VRE). The results indicated that the crude oil from Minas oil well (OSM-1) has values of MPI-1, MPI-2, MPI-3 and VRE of 0.82, 0.89, 1.02 and 0.89% respectively. These showed that Minas crude oil has high level of maturity.Item PENGARUH KESETIMBANGAN ADSORPSI MANGAN OKSIDA BIRNESSITE TERHADAP ION LOGAM Pb(II)(2013-03-08) Pratiwi, W.; Awaluddin, A.; Tamboesai, E. M.Lead is one of the non-essential heavy metals which is toxic to environment. If accumulated beyond the threshold value, this metal ions may cause problems for the survival of organisms and the environment. One effort developed to reduce levels of Pb metal ions in the environment is through adsorption method. In this study, the adsorbent used is birnessite with has been synthesized using the ceramic method (Astria, 2012). Birnessite has been proven to be useful in reducing heavy metals found in the environment as well as solid waste waters. This can occur because the birnessite can exchange cations in its frameworks with cations in solution. The objective of this research is to study the adsorption capacity and adsorption equilibrium birnessite towards metal ions Pb(II). The effect of time, concentration, temperature and pH on the adsorption of Pb in the birnessite has also been studied. The result showed that the maximum adsorption of Pb in birnessite is 95% with the condition at the contact time of 5 minutes, concentration adsorption capacity of 95,30 %, temperature of 60°C, and pH 6. The process of adsorption in birnessite follows Freundlich isotherm types. Adsorption type used in this study is physical adsorption (fisisorpsi) which is characterized by a low value of ΔH (+1.678 kJ/mol) which indicates the reaction is endothermic. The value of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is positive, ie 0.399 kJ/mol and can be concluded that reaction was not spontaneousItem SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI MANGAN OKSIDA BERLAPIS BIRNESSITE DARI ASAM OKSALAT DAN KMnO4 MENGGUNAKAN METODA KERAMIK(2013-03-07) Suraya, N.; Awaluddin, A.; Tamboesai, E. M.Birnessite is one phase of manganese oxides with layered structure. The formation of birnessite has been studied using ceramic method by reacting solids of KMnO4 with oxalic acid. The synthetic methods employed in the production of birnessite include variations of KMnO4 and oxalic acid mol ratios, temperature and calcination time. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to determine crystallinity and purity. The surface area was determined by Spectrofotometer UV-Vis using methylen blue method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is used to determine morphology and particle size. Whereas Absorption Atomic spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the concentration of Mn and K, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) is used to determine functional groups and acidity. The results showed improvement of crystallinity and purity in a 2:3 mol ratio, this is calcined at a temperature of 7000C for 7 hours as indicated by the data from XRD. This condition also produce the surface areas between of 0,1585 to 2,008 m2/g. The SEM data showed the particle has granule form with diameters ranging from 0,5 to 2,5 μm. The AAS measurement showed that Mn content is higher than K, ie Mn 88,06% and K 25,88%, respectively. Characterization of functional groups and acidity using FTIR showed that the absorption bands of the Mn-O vibration are about 418,57 cm-1. The bands at 1540 cm-1 is a Bronsted acid sites while those at 1633 cm-1 is a Lewis acid sites representing protonated and coordinated pyridine, respectively