Browsing by Author "Saputra, Andi"

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    KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN BIOMASSA RAYAP TANAH DI DUA SISTEM BUDIDAYA KARET PADA LAHAN GAMBUT DI KAWASAN BUKIT BATU, RIAU
    (2013-07-04) Saputra, Andi; Muhammad, Ahmad; Yus, Yusnarti
    Two different rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) cultivation systems can be encountered on peatland, namely the “rubber jungle system” and “rubber small-plantation system”, the names of which reflect the difference in management intensity. In this study, we investigated whether the difference in some physical characteristics between these systems has impact on subterranean termite diversity and biomass. Four rubber jungle plots and four rubber small-plantation plots located in the peatland of Bukit Batu area, Riau, were selected to test it. Termites were collected in each plot with the help of a 100 m-long transect line on which ten smaller sampling plots (100 cm x 100 cm) were laid at regular interval (10 m) during the period of July-September 2011. We found eight species, six genera, four subfamilies, and two families in this study. Species found only in the jungle plots were Capritermes mohri, Termes rostratus, and Bulbitermes constrictiformis, while species found only in the small-plantation plots are Coptotermes havilandi, and Parrhinotermes sp. Three termite species that could be encountered in both were Coptotermes curvignatus, Schedorhinotermes sarawakensis and Capritermes latignatus. The difference in species composition between the two types of rubber cultivation system was 55.46% (Bray-Curtis Dissimilarity Index). Termite biomass was small in both systems although the biomass in jungle system (0.38 + 0.3 gr/m2) was slightly larger than that in small-plantation system (0.14 + 0.15 gr/m2) (P>0.05).
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    SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE FAUNA ON A PEATLAND: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE SPECIES DIVERSITY AND BIOMASS UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE TYPES
    (2014-05-21) Muhammad, Ahmad; Ayu, Febri; Saputra, Andi; Yus, Yusnarti; Purnasari, Treshandila; Salbiah, Desita
    Owing to their wet nature, peatlands in their original conditions may not be favorable habitats for most ground-dwelling organisms. Apart from being acidic, peat is water saturated most of the times, making it unlikely habitatble for such organisms. After the construction of drainage system, however, substantial amount of water can be drawn out from the peat, resulting the drop of water table. We hypothesized that the alteration of this fundamental feature of peatlands might promote the proliferation ground-dwelling organisms in peatland habitats and/or colonization by non-native ones. We tested our hypothesis by surveying termite species richness and biomass under different land use systems that reflected a gradient of water table alteration (from shallower than 20 cm to deeper than 100 cm below the surface). The study has been carried out under peat swamp forest, rubber jungle, rubber plantation, oil palm plantation, homegarden, and acacia plantation forest in Bukit Batu area, Riau, Sumatra. We encountered a total 18 spp of subterranean termites with the average of only 6.2 spp found under each land use type. The average subterranean termite biomass was 0.29 gr/m2. Our data did not support our hypothesis in a way that subterranean termites were even most diverse (9 spp) and demonstrated largest biomass (0.53 gr/m2) under peat swamp forest, where the water table was never deeper than 20 cm and the peat was almost always watersaturated. However, the striking differences in species composition between peat swamp forest assemblage and those under other land use types suggest that the conversion of peatland might have significantly reduced the number of species native to this ecosystem, while inviting nonnative ones