Browsing by Author "Rasyad, Aslim"

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    Efektifitas Sistem Penyerbukan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit(Elaeis guineensisJacq) Pada Berbagai Pola Kemiringan Lahan
    (2013-01-26) Dravel, Marjon; Rasyad, Aslim; Manurung, Gulat
    Slope and the direction ofthe slope have great impact on linght interception mainly in the morning and the afternoon. The light interception by the plant grown in the sloping area may effect growth and yield of certain crops.The objective of this research is to asses the impact of pollination, slope and slope direction on oilpalmproductionandto determine the effectivity ofnatural pollination onfruit setand development. Thefield experimentalwere arranged in asplit plot design,where fivepatternsof slope such as0-4%, 12-24%east-west, 2 12-24%west-east, 24-38%east-west,and 24-38%west-east were assignedas the main plot and two types of pollination such as assisted pollination and natural pollination as sub plot. Planting material from varietas Marihat with year of planting 1996, there were 3 replication every combination in 3 slope direction (0-4%, 12-24% TB, 12-24%BT, 24-38%TB and 24-38% BT) with 2 method of pollination that`sway there are 30 palms as sample.Polen used for assisted pollination were obtainedfron the plant grown according the slope. Data collected were thenumberofnormal fruit per bunch, numberofpartenocarphyfruit, fruit weight, kernelweight, fresh bunch weight and the ratio of fruit to bunch.For natural pollination, the numberoffruitset and partenocarpic fruits were higher in the flat land (slope of 0-4%)while for controlled assisted pollination, the highest number of fruit set and partenocarpic fruits were found in the slope of 24-345. Fruit and kernelweightincreased on theslope of 12-24% compared to those in the flate land. Natural pollination were more effective in the area with the slope less than 24%, while controlled assisted pollination resulted higher fruit and kernel weight than that produced through natural pollination. Lower fruit weight in the slope of 24-38% west east produced by plants through natural pollination was due to greater number of normal fruitsresulted the lesser assimilate partition to the individual fruit.
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    Pengaruh Giberelin Terhadap Perkembangan Biji Dan Komponen Hasil Tanaman Kedelai
    (2015-04-11) Rasyad, Aslim; Zuhry, Elza; Nurbaiti
    The objective of this experiment was to determine the response of several cultivars of soybean to gibberellins (GA3) application. Three soybean genotypes were grown in plots of 3,2 m x 3 m with planting rate of 15 plants per m2. The experiment were assigned in a split plot design with three replications, in which three rates of GA3 as main plot and genotypes as subplots. The rates of GA3 concentration were 125 ppm, 250 ppm and control, and applied to the plant at 21 days after planting. Ten pods were sampled every five days from randomly selected plants to observed seed dry weight. In addition we observed seed dry matter accumulation rate, effective filling period, grain yield m-2, and 100-seed weight. The change of seed dry weight were very slow until 20 days after anthesis (DAA), then, increased steadily until 40 DAA and reached physiological maturity at 50 DAA for all varieties. The pattern of seed development was different among cultivars but almost similar among the three GA3 concentrations exept for Grobogan, in which seed from plants sprayed by 250 ppm GA3 showed lower rate than 125 ppm and control. Dry matter accumulation rate of soybean cultivars sprayed by GA3 at a rate of 125 ppm increased for around 30% for Anjasmoro and Grobogan compare to control and 250 ppm. Grain yield tent to increase by spraying GA3 at 125 ppm mainly for Argomulyo and Wilis and decreased beyond the concentration
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    PENGGUNAA AGENS HAYATI TRICHODERMA LOKAL RIAU SEBAGAI BIOFERTILIZER DAN BIOPESTISIDA DALAM PHT UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT DAN MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI PADI
    (2013-08-30) Elfina S, Yetti; Rasyad, Aslim; Rustam; Agussalim; Efendi, Jefri; Efitarahmi
    Padi merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman yang penting dan bernilai ekonomis Tinggi di Indonesia, termasuk di propinsi Riau. Produktivitas tanaman padi belum maksimal di Riau, hal ini disebabkan karena budidaya padi masih menggunakan cara konvensional sehingga hasil yang diperoleh belum maksimal. Praktek pertanian konvensional yang masih umum dilakukan oleh para pelaku pertanian padi di Riau dalam meningkatkan produksi padi adalah pengguanan pupuk anorganik dan pestisida. Tindakan ini dikuatirkan sernakin menguras sumberdaya alam, mengurangi keanekaragaman hayati, menimbulkan penncemaran lingkungan dan pengaruhnya terhadap kesehatan manusia memprihatinkan. Kondisi ini diperparah dengan pemakaian pestisida yang cendrung berlebihan dan tidak terkontrol. Menghadapi kenyataan tersebut di atas perlu segera diupayakan alternative mengganti pupuk anorganik dan pestisida kimia dengan jenis pupuk dan pestisida yang aman Bagi lingkungan, yaitu salah satunya dengan penggunaan biofertilizer dan biopestisida yang Mengangandung bahan aktif Trichoderma lokal Riau. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan teknologi aplikasi penggunaan agens hayati trichoderma lokal Riau sebagai biofeftilizer dan biopestisida dalam PHT untuk pengendalian penyakit dan meningkatkan produksi padi serta dapat menghemat penggunaan pupuk kimia.
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    RESPON DAN EFISIENSI PUPUK KALIUM (K) PADA BEBBRAPA GALUR KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX L.MERRILL)
    (2013-08-29) Idwar; Rasyad, Aslim; Asmira, Yusri
    Recently more than 60% of soybean demand in Indonesia is fulfilled by import from several countries due to very low yield and farmer's perception in which soybean is considered as second priority crop after rice and corn. Recently, high rate of K fertilization is required by most farmers in order to increasing soybean yield mainly in Riau Province. So that in this study, we intent to determine the efficiency of K fertilizer by several cultivars of soybean and to look at their response to K fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in Agriculture experiment station of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau at Pekanbaru from April to July 2010 by using completely randomized block design. Five soybean lines ie; line 13 ED, 14 DD, 19 BE, 25 EC, 11 A B were planted in three rates of K fertilizer including control, 50 kg KCl per ha, and 100 kg KCl per ha. The results showed that the effect of K fertilizer was not significant on plant high, flowering date, concentration of K in plant tissue, potassium fertilizer efficiency, yield efficiency, seed yield per plot, except weight of 100 seeds. Among the five genotypes, line 14 DD was the most responsive to application of potassium fertilizer in which the line indicated a positive value of absorption efficiency, seed yield efficiency and produced higher seed yield at the rate of 50 kg KCl/lia and 100 kg K C l per ha. For others lines, we found negative values of absorption efficiency of K fertilizer and the seed yield efficiency. This results indicated that application of K fertilizer absorbed and seed yield produced were lower for soybean plant fertilized by 50 kg and 100 kg KCl per ha. In general, application K fertilizer on the soil that contain moderately K (0,35 cmol(+)/kg) were not efficient to increase seed yield of soybeans, except for Jiues 13 ED and 14 DD with application of 50 kg K C l per ha.
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    Variabilitas Dan Heritabilitas Mutu Biji Berbagai Genotipe Kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merril) Pada Dua Cara Aplikasi Pupuk Nitrogen
    (2015-08-04) Hamzah, Muhammad; Rasyad, Aslim; Zuhry, Elza
    The needs for soybean in the country are currently met by imported. In the last ten years, more than 60% of the soybeans are imported from various countries every year. The purpose of this study was to determine the components of the population of soybean seed quality in two ways of application nitrogen fertilizers and determination of the value of heritability and the correlation between yield components in soybean seed quality. The design used was Randomized Design Group (RAK) 2 factorials. The first factor is the genotype of soybean and the second method is the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the second degree. The results of this study indicated a significant component of the diversity of genotypes for all the observed properties such as the weight of seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, dry seed yield per plot, oil content and protein content of soybean seeds. Variety of environmental components in the form of nitrogen fertilizer application was significant only for the nature of the seed weight per plant, dry seed yield per plot and seed protein content. The component of the interaction between genotype diversity with fertilizer significant was only for the nature of the oil content of seeds. Heritability value of all properties that were observed demonstrated significant value when compared with the twice value of its standard error (SE). Soybean seed protein content was negatively correlated with yield components but the oil content of soybeans was not correlated with the yield components. Meanwhile the protein content of the oil contents of soybeans a negative correlation, although not significant.