Browsing by Author "Manopo, Axl Maya"

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    CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS CANGKANG SAWIT MENJADI BIO-OIL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS LEMPUNG DESA CENGAR
    (2013-03-21) Manopo, Axl Maya; Bahri Syaiful; Sunarno
    The demand of fossil fuel is increasing each year. On the other hand, the availability of conventional petroleum fuels diminishing due to its non-renewable. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new alternative fuel that can be renewed, one of the solution is the processing of biomass into bio-oil. Bio-oil is a result of the pyrolysis of biomass. Availability of abundant palm shell waste is converted into bio-oil by pyrolysis method using clay catalysts Cengar. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the catalyst to produce bio-oil, characterize the density, viscosity, acid number, and flash point of bio-oil that produced, as well as analyze the chemical components of bio-oil by GC-MS. Pyrolysis of palm shells with clay catalyst from Cengar in the reactor slurry do by feeding 50 grams of palm shell with the size -40 +60 mesh, silinap 500 ml, variation in levels of catalyst 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% w/w of the feedstock, stirring speed is set to 300 rpm, 320oC temperature, and the process runs for 120 minutes. The results showed that the optimum yield obtained on 2% clay catalyst, amounting to 72,20%. The test results obtained by the physical properties of density 0,981 g/ml, 98,002 cSt viscosity, acid number of 51.55 gr NaOH/gr sample. The result of chemical analysis by GC-MS, obtained the dominant chemical components in bio-oil was 10,38% 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene, 9,67% Cyclohexane, 10,33% 5,5-dimethyl-2-hexene, and 15,30% Phenol.