Browsing by Author "Kesuma, Atika Zuharniaty"

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    PYROLYSIS CANGKANG SAWIT MENJADI BIO-OIL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS NI/LEMPUNG
    (2012-10-18) Kesuma, Atika Zuharniaty; Bahri Syaiful; Sunarno
    Petroleum is a fossil energy sources that are not renewable (non-renewable) production continues to decline each year. In contrast, the consumption of petroleum products itself is increasing, so need to try an alternative energy. Bio-oil is one of the non-fossil alternative energy solutions that can be used as a substitute for petroleum. Riau has a land area of palm oil and the biggest oil producers in Indonesia. This has an impact on solid waste palm shells are produced. Bio-oil can be produced through the pyrolysis process of biomass shell oil with Ni/clay as catalyst. This study aimed to determine the performance of the Ni/clay catalyst (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% w/w) to yield bio-oil produced and characterize the physical and chemical properties. Pyrolysis shell oil with size -40 +60 mesh as much as 50 grams of weight, the Ni/clay catalyst 1.5 grams and silinap 500 ml was carried out at 320oC. The results showed that the optimum yield obtained on 1% Ni/ clay catalyst, amounting to 68.50%. The test results obtained by the physical properties of density 0.940 g / ml, 9.677 cSt viscosity, acid number 57.021 g NaOH / g sample, calorific value of 44.609 MJ / kg, and the flash point is 51 ºC. The results of chemical analysis by GC-MS, obtained the dominant chemical components in bio-oil was 30.49% Phenol, 1.52% 2-propanone, 3.46% Furfural, 5.56% Cyclohexane and 47.33% Acetic acid. The results of characteristics obtained have approaching the characteristics of fuel oil and standard of bio-oil.
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    Pyrolysis Cangkang Sawit Menjadi Bio-Oil Menggunakan Katalis Ni/Lempung: Pengaruh Kandungan Logam Ni Katalis Terhadap Produk Bio Oil
    (2017-01-09) Bahri, Syaiful; Kesuma, Atika Zuharniaty; Sunarno
    Minyak bumi sebagai sumber energi fossil yang sifatnya tidak dapat diperbaharui (non renewable) produksinya terus menurun setiap tahun. Sebaliknya, konsumsi produk olahan minyak bumi itu sendiri semakin meningkat, sehingga perlu di usahakan energi alternatif. Bio-oil merupakan salah satu solusi energi alternatif non fossil yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti minyak bumi. Riau mempunyai luas lahan sawit dan produsen sawit terbesar di Indonesia. Hal ini berdampak terhadap limbah padat cangkang sawit yang dihasilkan. Bio-oil dapat dihasilkan melalui proses pirolisis biomassa cangkang sawit menggunakan katalis Ni/lempung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kinerja katalis Ni/lempung (0%, 1%, 3%, dan 5% b/b) terhadap yield bio-oil yang dihasilkan serta mengkarakterisasi sifat fisika dan kimianya. Pada penelitian ini cangkang sawit ukuran - 40+60 mesh sebanyak 50 gram, katalis Ni/lempung 1,5 gram dan silinap 500 ml dilakukan pirolisis pada suhu 320oC. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh yield optimum pada katalis 1% Ni/lempung, yaitu sebesar 68,50%. Sifat fisika yang diperoleh densitas 0,940 gr/ml, viskositas 9,677 cSt, angka keasaman 57,021 gr NaOH/gr sampel, nilai kalor 44,609 MJ/Kg, dan titik nyala 51ºC. Hasil analisis dengan GC-MS, komponen kimia dominan pada bio-oil adalah phenol 30,49%, 2-propanone 1,52%, furfural 3,46%, cyclohexane 5,56%, dan acetic acid 47,33%.