Browsing by Author "Itnawita"
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Item ADSORPSI ARANG AKTIF SABUT PINANG (Areca cathecu L) MENGGUNAKAN AKTIVATOR H2SO4 TERHADAP ION LOGAM KADMIUM (Cd2+) DAN TIMBAL (Pb2+)(2016-10-19) Syauqi, Muhammad Ridho; Bali, Subardi; ItnawitaFibers nut activated charcoal has been used as an adsorbent to remove cadmium (Cd2+) and lead (Pb2+) ions in solution; The activated charcoal of fibers nut was made by carbonization at 400oC for ± 2 hours and chemical activation using various concentration of H2SO4 (2.5; 5.0 and 7.5%). The characterization result showed that fibers nut activated charcoal using H2SO4 7.5% had 2,69% of moisture contain, 0.92% of ash content, 667,59 mg/g of iodine adsorption, 4,62 mg/g of methylene blue adsorption and 17,12 m2/g of surface area. Adsorption ability of the activated charcoal was analyzed in variation concentration of cadmium and lead solution for 24 hours and measured using Atomic Absorption of Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result showed the adsorption efficiency of activated charcoal of fibers nut for cadmium (Cd2+) ion was 69,58% at initial concentration 8,58 ppm and for lead (Pb2+) ion was 97,89% at initial concentration 22,80 ppm.Item ANALISIS DAYA SERAP TONGKOL JAGUNG TERHADAP KALIUM, NATRIUM, SULFIDA DAN SULFAT PADA AIR LINDI TPA MUARA FAJAR PEKANBARU(2014-03-27) Amir, S.; Chainulfiffah; ItnawitaCorncob is a kind of side product on agricultural industry that exists in large amount from corn processing. Corncob predominantly consists of hemicellulose (36%), lignin (6%), and cellulose (41%). The cellulose content in corncob can be used as an adsorbent. In order to utilize corncob as an adsorbent its adsorption the ability need to be tested to potassium, sodium, sulfide, and sulfate in leachhate at Muara Fajar waste disposal not only as corncob powder form but also in char form. An atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine the content of potassium and sodium, while spectrophotometer of UV-Vis was used for sulfide and sulfate contents. Result showed that adsorption ability of corncob powder for potassium and sodium was higher than its char form (1,14 mg/g; 17,58 mg/g; and 1,095 mg/g; 16,85 mg/g). While the adsorption ability of corncob powder for sulfide and sulfate was lower than its char form (0,190 mg/g; 5,531 mg/g; 0,268 mg/g and 9,025 mg/g). According to paired t test method (p = 0,05), it showed that corncob and its char have effectiveness to adsorp sodium, potassium, sulfide and sulfate in leachete from Muara Fajar waste disposalItem ANALISIS KALSIUM, MAGNESIUM DAN SULFAT PADA SEDIMEN KOLAM INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH (IPAL) TPA MUARA FAJAR PEKANBARU(2014-03-27) yeni, Irma; Itnawita; Bali, S.The sediment of ponds at Muara Fajar is possible to contain organic and anorganic compounds derived from the decomposition of waste, which can be used as organic fertilizer. This study was carried out to analyze the concentration of Ca, Mg, and SO42- by complexometry method and spectrophotometry. The results showed various concentration of the Ca, Mg and SO42- at each ponds. The highest concentrations of Ca and Mg were found in the sedimen of first pond ( 0.05-0.2% ), whereas the highest concentration of SO42- was detected in the sediment of third pond (0.8 – 0.9%)Item ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM Fe dan Sn DALAM SUSU KENTAL MANIS KEMASAN KALENG dan PLASTIK(2014-03-27) Supriandi; Itnawita; Anita, S.Milk is a type of dairy products consumed by the majority of Indonesian people, but most people are less concerned about the quality, especially the danger of milk in can and plastic packaging. The use of lead solder in the canning process has been identified as one of the sources of lead contamination in canned food, in addition to other factors such as the environment, the absorption of the equipment used in the processing of milk can also be likely to occur. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of Fe and Sn in milk can and plastic packaging. Milk samples were taken by the differences in the amount of time marketing. Fe metal content was determined by a visible spectrophotometer, while the Sn metal content was determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the concentrations of Fe were ranged from 4.86 to 8.325 mg/Kg, while of Sn were ranged from 25.16 to 47.44 mg/Kg. The Sn contents was found below the concentration of the threshold established by Indonesian goverment. No. FDA. HK.00.06.1.52.4011Item ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM Fe, Sn DAN Pb DALAM IKAN SARDEN KEMASAN KALENG(2014-03-27) Gunawan, T.; Anita, S.; ItnawitaCanned fish are one kind of favorite products because it is easy to use and it could be stored for long time. However, metal composition of the can is possible to contaminate the fish. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of Fe, Sn and Pb in the canned sardines. Concentration of Fe was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, while the concentration of Sn and Pb were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 286.3 nm for Sn and 283.3 nm for Pb. The results showed that the average of Fe concentration in canned sardines based on different expiration dates for sample A1 and A2 (mg/Kg) were 4.046 and 3.347, respectively. The highest concentration of Sn was found in sample A1 (105.54 mg/Kg) and the concentration of Pb was ranged from 0.5199 to 2.3798 mg/Kg. These indicated that canned sardines have been contaminated by Fe, Sn and Pb, but did not pass the maximum limit of metal contamination for canned food allowed by SNI 01-7387-2009 except for Pb content (more than 0.3 mg/Kg).Item ANALISIS KONSENTRASI HCl DAN WAKTU KONTAL OPTIMAL UNTUKPEMBUATAN ZIOLIT DARI ABU LAYANG DENGAN METODE BATCH(2014-05-21) Itnawita; Awaluddin, Amir; Syahrul, Jhon; Anita, Sofia; MerlindaYogurt is popular dairy milk. It is usually packaged by HPDE or PET plastics because of simplicity. However, it has disadvantage that is migration of monomer such as carbonyl compound (formaldehyde or acetaldehyde) during stored. The mechanism of migration is accelerated by microorganism activities and acid content during stored in refrigerator. Method used in this research was UV-Vis Spectrometry using Schiff’s reagent. The result showed that during stored, the concentration of formaldehyde in samples increased after 20 days of HPDE and 60 days of PET. It was found that the highest concentration of formaldehyde after 70 days stored was 3.250 mg/L of HDPE and 1.488 mg/L. Based on ICPS, UN (ILO, UNEP and WHO), the concentration limit of formaldehyde in food is 1 mg/L. It concluded that yogurt packaged by HDPE and PET is not safe after 70 days storedItem ANALISIS KUALITAS HARA MIKRO DARI PENGOMPOSAN LIMBAH AMPAS SAGU, KOTORAN AYAM DAN SERBUK GERGAJI HASIL FERMENTASI DENGAN EM-4(2013-07-08) Restu, F.; Anita, S.; ItnawitaSago(Metroxylon sago Rottb.) canbe used for food, housing and industrial raw materials. By products of the sago utilization of is solid wastes which have been already used simply as for livestock food and composting. Traditionally, sago waste composting needs about 3months to do it with varying quality. The aim of this study was to have a more practical composting process that uses EM-4 for mixing sago pulp waste, chicken manure and sawdust. The composition of the raw materials consist of sago waste, chicken manure and sawdust in the ratio(1:2:1) fermented with EM-4 at the time variation of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20days and controlled using well water at 0 and 20 days. The availability of nutrients Ca and Mg was analyzed using complexometry method. The availability of nutrients SO42- was analized using turbidimetry method and determination of Fe used a fenantrolin method with UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results showed that the optimum levels for Ca, Mg, SO42-and Fe of composting experience differed for every composting. Fermentation with optimum levels of EM-4 Mg was obtained on day 10 which is 2.4045%. Optimum levels for Ca, SO42- and Fe are in the15th day with percentases 12.0636%, 0.1165% and 0.0020% respectively. The control increased on the day 20 for all parameters. The fermented compost using EM-4 has the optimum quality in10-15 days time span.Item ANALISIS KUALITAS KOMPOS DARI CAMPURAN LIMBAH AMPAS SAGU, KOTORAN AYAM DAN SERBUK GERGAJI HASIL FERMENTASI DENGAN EM-4(2013-03-08) Putra, R. A.; Itnawita; Jose, C.Sago (sago Metroxylon Rottb.) can be used for food, housing and industrial raw materials. A byproduct of the use of starch in the form of solid waste, which is already used in a simple to feed livestock and composting. Traditionally, sago waste composting takes a long time about 3 months with varying quality. Research on optimum composting time necessary for effective use of raw materials Microorganism 4 (EM-4) as a starter. In this research, the composition of the raw material consists of sago pulp, chicken manure and sawdust in the ratio (1:2:1) fermented with EM-4 on time variations 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and control of well water at 0 and of 20 days. Analysis of the quality parameters of fermented compost consists of the availability of nutrients N, P, K, organic C and C/N ratio. They are compost quality parameters. The method used is the determination of N-nitric acid with phenol disulfonic acid pickling, P by using Olsen, K using flame photometry, C-organic by using Willey Black, N-total with kedjhal and C/N ratio by mathematical methods. The results showed that the optimum level for N, P, K, organic C and C/N ratio of composting make different on composting day. From fermentation with optimum level of EM-4 N-nitrate, C-organic and C/N ratio was obtained as the day 5 which are 0.1496%, 3.0229%, and 10.9854. The optimum levels for N-total, P and K are in day 10 which are 0.2768%, 0.1590% and 0.98%. Well water as control has increased all parameters at the day 20. The changes which occur is due to the lack of activity of microorganism that works on the composting. Composting sago pulp, chicken manure and sawdust fermented with EM-4 delivers quality compost in the range of 5- 10 days. Composting can be used as organic fertilizer because it is in the range of C/ N ratio of humus (10-20)Item ANALISIS LOGAM (Mn, Cd), SIANIDA DAN NITRIT PADA LIMBAH CAIR TAMBANG BATUBARA PT. TRI BAKTI SARIMAS (TBS) DI PANGKALAN KUANSING(2013-07-26) Rukmana, T. R.; Itnawita; Anita, S.PT. Tri Bakti Sarimas (TBS) coals mining at Kuantan Singingi Regency have produced liquid waste that containing of hazardous heavy metals. The company has made four ponds as water treatment. Efficiency of waste treatment installation (IPAL) from this industry could be determined by identificating the content of heavy metals (Mn and Cd), cyanide and nitric contents at liquid waste reservoir inlet and outlet. Determination of Mn and Cd in this research is done by using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), while UV-Vis spectrophotometer is used to analyze for CN- and NO2-. Mn, Cd, cyanide and nitric contents at inlet were 7,952; 1,980; 0,045; and 0,333 mg/L respectively. Mn, Cd, cyanide and nitric contents at outlet were 3,333; 0,120; 0,018 mg/L respectively with no cyanide detected. Waste water treatment by using the method of dolomite as an adsorbent in PT. TBS have shown the remarkable result of efficiency, especially for Cd with removal percent 93,939%.Item ANALISIS MIGRASI FORMALDEHID DALAM AIR MINERAL PADA WADAH PLASTIK POLYETHYLEN TEREFTALAT (PET)(2013-07-08) B, Khoirul; Itnawita; Anita, SPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) is currently used in the food industry, especially for bottling water and other beverages. However, PET is rather sensitive to heat and oxidation. formaldehyde is present in PET as a thermal degradation product. The purpose of this studyis to determine the levels of formaldehyde in the mineral water in PET plastic packaging based on length of time of exposure todirect sun light in the open air and the results were compared with IPCS 2006 institutions. UV-VIS spectrophotometer is used to measure the levels of formaldehyde in the sample and Schiff’s reagent was added to the samples to detect the presence of formaldehyde. The longer exposure time, the greater the content of formaldehyde in the samples. The concentration of sample A 0.226 mg/L and sample B 0,270 mg/L. Both samples were meausered at exposure time of 35 days and the temperature of 31-340C in the open air. Formaldehyde content of both samples was below the threshold under the provisions of IPCS 2006 and the Republic of Indonesia Number 907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002KEPMENKES of these Terms for monitoring the quality of drinking water.Item ANALISIS NUTRIEN KARBOHIDRAT, PROTEIN, LEMAK, SERAT KASAR DAN KALSIUM PADA KULIT BUAH SEMANGKA (Citrullus vulgaris, Schard) DI PEKANBARU(2013-08-01) Piliang, M.; Itnawita; Dahliaty, A.The watermelon pickles are wastes that have not been used optimally. The purpose of this study was to analyze the pickle nutrient content of some varieties of watermelon i.e seed less red, seed red, and yellow watermelon in order to increase the use of those pickles. The concentration of starch, protein, fat, crude fiber, and calcium of the pickles were determined by using Luff Schoorl method, lowry, soxhlet, acid-base hydrolysis and permanganometri titration, respectively. The results showed that starch content was ranged between 2,312% to 4,221%; protein content was ranged between 0,025% to 0,045%; fat content was ranged between 0,125% to 0,432%; crude fiber content was ranged between 1,678% to 2,403, and calcium content was ranged between 0,042% to 0,060%.Item ANALISIS RESIDU INSEKTISIDA, FOSFAT DAN KLORIDA PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH KERITING (Capsicum annum L.) YANG DITANAM DI DAERAH KUBANG DAN PALAS, PEKANBARU(2016-05-16) Ajabah, Nurul; Anita, Sofia; ItnawitaExcessive use of chemical insecticides by farmers could lead to the emergence of insecticide residues on plants. Analysis on three samples of red chili in the area Kubang and Palas, Pekanbaru using Gas Chromatography showed positive results for residues of profenofos and λ-cyhalotrin with content ranging between 0.1264 – 4.5110 and 0.3220 – 0.8782 mg/kg, but not detected containing diazinon residues. Water rinse method was able to decrease the concentration of insecticide residues until 8 – 26 % for rinse with cold water and 29 – 43 % for rinse with hot water. This data was supported by the results of the analysis of the phosphate and chloride’s content in rinse water sample, phosphate’s concentration were in the range of 1.6055 – 7.8899 ppm for cold water and 7.8899 – 18.4404 ppm for hot water, while chloride’s concentration were in the range of 0 – 0.1511 and 0.1511 – 0.3777 ppm, respectively for cold water and hot waterItem ANALISIS RESIDU INSEKTISIDA, FOSFAT DAN KLORIDA PADA TANAMAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.) DI PERKEBUNAN PADANG LAWEH SUMATERA BARAT(2016-10-12) Sekarlina, Brenda; Itnawita; Anita, SofiaInsecticide residues with the active compounds of diazinon, chlorpyrifos and profenofos on green mustard from Padang Laweh, West Sumatra were obtained from nine samples. One farmer used diazinon(0.0064 mg/kg) while the other farmer used profenopos(0.3947 mg/kg) which was detected from their samples without any treatment. Washing samples using normal water and hot water was able to decreased pesticide residues level on mustard greens. Diazinon level could be deacrease for 25% while profenopos was not detected after washing. The concentration of phosphate and chloride in washing waterwas ranged from 0.577 to 0.8256 ppm and from 0 to 0.623 ppm for normal water, while in hot water was ranged from 1.467 to 2.477 ppm and from 2.52 to 4.413 ppm respectively.Item ANALISIS RESIDU INSEKTISIDA, FOSFAT DAN KLORIDA PADA TANAMAN SAWI PUTIH (Brassica peckinensis L) DI PERKEBUNAN PADANG LAWEH SUMATERA BARAT(2016-05-02) Erlina; Itnawita; Hanifah, Tengku AbuResidues of three insecticides i.e diazinon, chlorpyrifos and profenofos that used in Padang Laweh field, West Sumatera for chicory (Brassica peckinensis L) has been analyzed by using Gas Chromatography. Concentration of phosphate was analysed by using UV-Visible spectrophotometric while argentometric Mohr was used to determine the concentration of chloride. Samples were washed using fresh and hot water. Phosphate and chloride concentration was determined in the washing water. The results showed that there was no insecticide residues (diazinon, chlorpyrifos and profenofos) found in samples of two farmers, while the third farmer has been found diazinon insecticide residues in sample without washing (0.0042 mg/Kg). Its value was low than the maximum residue limit (0.05 mg/Kg). The concentration of phosphate was in range of 2.7522 to 9.8165 ppm and from 3.2110 to 22.018 ppm in sample washed using fresh and hot water, respectively. Concentration of chloride was ranged from 0 to 0.2519 ppm and 0.1261 to 0.2519 ppm in samples washed with fresh and hot water, respectively.Item ANALISIS RESIDU PESTISIDA ORGANOFOSFAT, KLORIDA DAN FOSFAT PADA TANAMAN BUNGA KOL (Brassica oleracea L. grup Botrytis) DI PERKEBUNAN KOTO BARU PADANG PANJANG SUMATERA BARAT(2016-05-10) Arisaputri, Reny; Itnawita; Bali, SubardiPesticide is not only used to control pest and plant deseases, but its residue will also give negative influence. Pesticide residues were analyzed by Gas Chromatography with FPD detector. The results showed that the residue of diazinon found in cauliflower at Koto Baru was ranged from 0.0309 to 0.0654 mg/kg. Its concentration was under MRLs diazinon (0.5 mg/kg). The diazinon residues was reduced in cauliflower from 17 to 54% after normal water washing and from 23 to 100% by hot water washing. The rinse water treatment for phosphate were in the range of 1.193-1.789 ppm (normal water) and 21.560-88.530 ppm (hot water), while the chloride concentration were in the range of 0.1133-0.2266 ppm (normal water) and 0.3777-0.7554 ppm (hot water).Item ANALISIS TEMBAGA (Cu), BESI (Fe) DAN KARBON (C) PADA SEDIMEN KOLAM INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH (IPAL) TPA MUARA FAJAR PEKANBARU(2013-07-26) Jahninra, R.; Anita, S.; ItnawitaSediment is a mixture from organic and anorganic materials that has big particle size. The type and quantity of elements found in the sediment are potential to contaminate the environment. The sediment of four ponds at Muara Fajar is possible to contain some types of dangerous metals as a result of waste degradation process. Hence, this study was carried out to analyze the concentration of some metals such as Cu, Fe, and C from the sediments. The concentrations of Cu and Fe were measured by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, while the content of organic carbon was determined by UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. Our results showed that the concentration of Cu was ranged between 0,4157 to 1,2646 mg/g. the highest content of Cu was found from third pond. Fe content was ranged between 0,4157 to 0,5893 mg/g, and the second pond had the highest content of Fe. The concentration of organic carbon was ranged between 0,0008 to 0,5586%, and its highest number was found from third pond.Item ANALISIS TEMBAGA, SENG DAN pH DALAM AIR MINUM PDAM CABANG BENGKALIS(2013-07-01) Itnawita; Bali, SubardiUntuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan air minum Pemerintah Kabupaten Bengkalis mendirikan Perusahaan Air Minum Daerah (PDAM) yang sumber air bakunya adalah air gambut yang terletak di Desa Wonosari Timur, Kecamatan Bengkalis. Hasil pengamatan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa belum adanya pemeriksaan secara kontinyu terhadap kualitas air yang dihasilkan oleh PDAM Cabang Bengkalis. Penentuan kandungan tembaga dan seng menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, untuk tembaga menggunakan metoda neokuproin sedangkan seng dengan metoda ditizon. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kandungan tembaga dan seng dalam air baku secara berturut-turut 0,0120 mg/L dan 0,0483 mg/L, dalam air produksi tidak terdeteksi dan 0,0193 mg/L dan dalam air distribusi tidak terdeteksi dan berkisar 0,0096-0,0193 mg/L. Hasil ini menunjukkan kandungan tembaga dan seng dalam air minum PDAM Cabang Bengkalis masih berada dibawah kadar maksimum yang diperbolehkan berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.82 Tahun 2001tentang kriteria mutu air dan KEPMENKES RI No. 907/ MENKES/SK/VII/2002 tentang syarat-syarat dan pengawasan kualitas air minum, sedangkan pHnya berada dalam rentang pH yang ditetapkan.Item ANALISIS ZAT ADITIF DALAM MAKANAN RINGAN DAN KORNET DI KOTA PEKANBARU(2014-03-27) Yusni, E. F.; Itnawita; Anita, S.Processed food products at this time known to contain a wide range of additive substances that are harmful to health. The addition of additive substances intended to improve the appearance of food so enticing consumers to buy it. Borax and nitrite are additive substances used in food processing. Borax is used in meatballs, bread, sausages, nuggets, and eggs tofu to improve the texture and power life of food, while nitrite can inhibit the growth of Clostridium botulinum bacteria in corned beef. This study aims to identify the content of borax in meatballs, bread, sausages, nuggets, and egg tofu, and to identify the content of nitrite in corned beef. Borax analysis was conducted qualitatively using flame test, whereas nitrite is determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The borax content on the results of the analysis showed negative results in meatballs, bread, sausages, nuggets, and egg tofu, while the nitrite concentration of the corned beef ranged from 1.3676 to 1.4278 mg / KgItem DAMPAK KEBAKARAN LAHAN GAMBUT TERHADAP KANDUNGAN KALSIUM, MAGNESIUM, SULFAT TOTAL DAN C/N PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA PAKNING ASAL KABUPATEN BENGKALIS(2017-01-06) Natalia, Yessi; Itnawita; Hanifah, T. AbuThe different frequencies of fires on palm soil in the Pakning Asal of Bengkalis could change structures and component of nutrients inside of the soil as total of calcium, magnesium, sulphate and C/N. The analys were conducted on the soil with once on fire, several times burned and no burn in the last five years. The total content of calcium and magnesium was determined by using complexometry titration method, a total of sulphate was determined by turbidimetry method and the C/N was determined by visible spectrophotometry method that for carbon, while for total of nitrogen was determined using the method Kjeldahl. Based on the results in this research, the fires could change the content of calcium and magnesium in total from the soil without fire to several times burned, are increased from 0,217 – 0,371% and 0,095 – 0,137%. The total sulphate in the soil wihout fire 0,481% increased to 0,509% on the soil with once burned and decreased to 0,118% on the soil often burned. The C/N also increased from 16,580 – 25,393 with increasing frequency of fires.Item DAMPAK KEBAKARAN LAHAN GAMBUT TERHADAPKANDUNGAN Fe, Mo, Al TERSEDIA DAN C/N TOTAL PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA PAKNING ASAL KABUPATEN BENGKALIS(2017-01-09) Afdanila; Hanifah, T. Abu; ItnawitaLand fire will be impact to the physical and chemical characteristics of soil that caused of decomposition proces. The differentland fire frequency will be affect to different in the soil composition. Toknow how far that the composition is different so it need to do research about the contains of micro element such as Fe, Mo, Al available and ratio C/N in area Pakning Asal, Bengkalis Regency. The contains of Fe and C-organic was determinedusing Spectrophotometer UV-VIS, the contains of Mo and Al was determined using Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometer and the contain of N was determined by Kjeldahl method. Analysis result showed that contains of Fe, Mo, Al and ratio C/N inunburnt soil, once burned soil and several times burned (2 – 3times in last 5 years) there were 14,1566 mg/Kg, 15,3151 mg/Kg dan 5,7677 for Fe, 0,0548 mg/Kg, 0,1345 mg/Kg and 0,0830 mg/Kg for Mo, 4,4008 mg/Kg, 4,0624 mg/Kg dn 0,8594 mg/Kg for Al and was increased 16,6855, 20,6787 dan 25,5206 for ratio C/N.