Browsing by Author "Idwar"
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Item Analisi Digital Landsat Etm + Untuk Mengindentifikasi Sistem Agroforestri Daerah Riau(2013-08-29) Nasrul, Besri; Hamzah, Anthony; IdwarThe objectives were to identify land characteristics of agroforestry system that influencing its benefit value, and to compile criteria of site specific. Location were identified by the Landsat 7 ETM+ that designed in the land use utilization type: rubber agroforestry is identified by cyan old (RGB pixel 143,37; 173,04; 96,03) and palm oil agroforestry is identified by varying bright green-green (red-green-blue pixel 33-145; 142-253; 46-139). In each the land use utilization type done by measurement of land characteristics, cost the inputs, and price the benefits. The maximum likelihood classification system is used for classification; the benefit values were calculated by benefitcost ratio; the suitabilify criteria of site specific were compiled by cluster analysis. The economic suitability criteria of rubber are: I (4,18-3,94); II (3,94-3,15); IH (3,15-2.73); IV (2,73-2,31), the economic suitability criteria of palm oil are: I (3,30-2,72); II (2,72-2,07); ffl (2,07-1,38); FV (1,38-1,18), and would be base saturation, exchangeable Ca, and Mg. These criteria can be used to evaluate of suitability for tiie agroforestry system rubber and palm oil in RiauItem Analisis Karakteristik Lahan Gambut di Bawah Tegakan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Provinsi Riau(2013-07-31) Fahrozi, Oksariwan; Idwar; Besri,NasrulThe relationship of palmoil plantations development with peatland characteristic until now has not been known. One reason why not a lot of available information concerning the relationship is due to the lack of studies that examine the changes in forest vegetation for palm oil plantations. This study aims to identify the characteristics of peat (physics, chemistry and biology) and evaluate the changes after undertaking as palm oil plantations in Riau Province. This study was conducted in August-October 2011 in Bengkalis and Siak Sri Indrapura Regency. The research method was survey andparameters of peatland characteristics identified are: permeability, colour, bulk density, particle density, total pore space, water levels, subsidence, peat thickness, peat maturity, depth of ground water level, pH H2O, pH KCl, C-Organic, N-Total, P available, P-Total, cation exchange capacity, Ca, Mg, K, Na , Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, base saturation, respiration and total population of soil macrofauna. The results showed that the characteristics of peatlands as the changes after undertaking as palm oil plantations are: thickness of the peat, the rate of subsidence, the depth of ground water level, pH of soil and nutrient content in the soil.Item Aplikasi Pupuk Npk Tablet dan Pupuk Organik Pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit Main Nursery di Medium Subsoil Tanah Ultisol(2013-06-21) Variani, Vivi Vitri; Idwar; Manurung, GulatTo produce a good oil palm seedlings in nutrient-poor medium then carried inorganic fertilizer (NPK Tablet) and Organic fertilizer (Biotrikom) to meet the nutrient needs of plants. This research aims to produce oil palm seedlings are of good quality. The experiment was conducted for 3 months, starting in July 2012 to October 2012. The experiment was conducted in Unit, Faculty of Agriculture Experimental Station Riau. The design used was a factorial arranged in RAL comprising two factors: The first factor is the provision of fertilizer Biotrikom comprising 4 levels, ie T0 = Without fertilizer Biotrikom / polybag, fertilizer Biotrikom T1 = 50 g / polybag, T2 = fertilizer Biotrikom 100 g / polybag, fertilizer Biotrikom T3 = 150 g / polybag, Factor II is Sigi NPK fertilizer tablet comprised of P0 = Without NPK fertilizer Tablet Sigi / polybag, P1 = Giving NPK Sigi Tablet 1 Tablet / polybag, P2 = Giving NPK Sigi Tablet 2 Tablet / polybag, and P3 = Giving NPK Sigi 3 Tablet Tablet / polybag. Then further tested with DNMRT at 5% level. Parameters measured were seedling height increment (cm), in the number of leaf (blade), increase seed tuber diameter (cm), canopy dry weight (g), root dry weight (g), ratio of crown roots and seed quality index. Based on this research, Tablet turns giving Sigi NPK showed no apparent effect on all parameters, whereas fertilizer Biotrikom significant effect on seedling height parameters, stump diameter, canopy dry weight and root dry weight. Further test results show the interaction of NPK Sigi Tablet 2 Tablet / polybag with fertilizer Biotrikom 150 g / polybag provide the best growth parameters of leaf number, diameter ratio and crown root weevil.Item CARBON EMISSION AND RESPONS OF RICE TO APPLICATTON OF AMELIORANT DREGS IN THE PEAT SOIL WITH SATURATION AND UNSATURATION(2013-08-29) Nelvia; Idwar; Amri, Al-Ichsan; Fatimah, IsnainiFertility of peat land is very poor and makes it not suitable for crop wiihout any high input. This condition was indicated by the very high soil's acidity (low pH), low availability of macro (N, P, K, Ca and Mg), and micro (Cu, Zn, Mn and Bo) nutriens and high cation exchange capacity (CEC) but low base saturation (BS), the presence of toxic organic acid. The main organic acids, as a result of lignin biodegradation and the sources of C-release, are of aromatic group consisting mainly of derivate phenolic acids. This research was conducted in a green house. The peat soil was taken at depths from 0 to 30 cm, with weathering rate saprik and dregs from dregs from pulp and paper industry at Kerinci,, Pelalawan, Riau. This reseach used split-plot design, activities were focused on the interaction of ameliorant dregs and water condition (saturation and unsaturation) and its influences to rice yield and C-emission (CO2 and CH). The application of dregs at the dose 20 t ha -1 decreased the CO2 and CH4 production of about 16.5% and l3.7 % respectively at saturation and about 9.9%o and 91.0 % respectively at.unsaturation compared to without ameliorant. The application of dregs 10 to 20 t ha-1 increased plant height, maximum tiller number, number of productive tillers and weight of dry straw and milled dry grain of rice IR-64. The weight of dry straw and milled dry grain increased about 110 to 210% and 75 to 174% respectively at saturalion and 59 to 92 to % and 52 to 80% respectively at unsaturation compare to without ameliorant.Item Efisiensi Penggunaan Pupuk N, P dan K Pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa l.) Varietas Pb-42 Dalam Program Operasi pangan Riau Makmur (oprm) di Desa Ranah Kabupaten Kampar(2013-04-17) Ardiansyah, Ruli Febri; Syofyan,Jurnawaty; IdwarThe objective this reseasch used to determine the efficiency of used fertilizers N, P and K in farmers' fields in the OPRM Program in Kampar district on the growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties PB-42 and get the right dose of fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in the Ranah village of Subdistrict kampar, District Kampar From July to November 2011. The research was conducted using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications thus obtained 24 experimental units. The treatment’s spacing (A0) not fertilizer, (A1) 7.5 g Urea, 6 g TSP, and 3 g KCl (3.45 g N, 2.76 g P2O5, 1.8 g K20), (A2) 15 g Urea, 12 g TSP, and 9 g KCl (6.9 g N, 5.52 g P2O5, 5.4 g K20), (A3) 22.5 g Urea, 18 g TSP, and 15 g KCl (10.35 g N, 8.28 g P2O5, 9.0 g K20), (A4) 30 g Urea, 24 g TSP, and 21 g KCl (13.8 g N, 11.04 g P2O5, 12.6 g K20), (A5) 45 g Urea, 30 g TSP, and 15 g KCl (20.7 g N, 13.8 g P2O5, 9.0 g K20). Then do the DNMRT tested further with the level 5%. The results showed for the parameters of plant height, maximum number of tillers, number of productive tillers, plant dry weight harvest, panicle length, number of grain panicle, empty and weight percentage of grain milled rice g/m2 showed good growth, whereas the parameter levels N, P and K nutrient uptake efficiency of N, P and K, weighing 100 grains and production efficiency grains results show growth and production are not good. Therefore, the production efficiency of grain yield 16.193 g/ha (g grain / g N, P, K). When applied to the area of 1 ha at a spacing of 30 x 20 the results obtained 4.07 tons / ha.Item Indikator Penilaian Lahan Spesifik untuk Analisis Kualitas Gambut di Bawah Tegakan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Provinsi Riau(2012-10-24) Nasrul, Besri; Idwar; Maryani, Anis Tatik; WardatiPerkebunan kelapa sawit yang diusahakan pada lahan gambut di Provinsi Riau telah menimbulkan banyak perubahan kualitas tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat perubahan kualitas gambut dan membangun indikator penilaian gambut spesifik di bawah tegakan kelapa sawit di Provinsi Riau sehingga dapat digunakan secara tepat dan akurat untuk memonitor kualitas gambut. Sifat-sifat gambut yang dijadikan indikator adalah fisika (berat isi, bearing capacity, kadar air, ketebalan, kematangan gambut, subsidence, substratum, permiabilitas, muka air); kimia (salinitas, redoks, pH, C-organik, N-total, P2O5, basa-basa, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, kadar abu dan serat); biologi (total populasi mikroorganisme, respirasi, C-mix). Penelitian tahun pertama dilakukan di Bengkalis dan Siak (kawasan SM Giam Siak Kecil dan sekitarnya) dengan tahapan pembuatan peta satuan lahan; analisis sifat-sifat gambut dan perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta, negara, rakyat; dan analisis statistika untuk membangung indikator penilaian tentatif. Pada tahun kedua, dilakukan pengujian dengan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang sejenis di luar daerah penelitian (Indragiri Hilir, Pelalawan, dan Rokan Hilir). Pengujian indikator dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui sampai seberapa jauh indikator tentatif dapat memprediksi tingkat kualitas tanah gambut. Hasil pengujian tahap ini mengindikasikan bahwa indikator yang telah didapatkan betul-betul spesifik untuk memonitor perkebunan kelapa sawit yang diusahakan pada lahan gambut di Provinsi Riau.Kelas kesesuaian lahan yang terbentuk pada LUT usahatani perkebunan kelapa sawit di daerah penelitian dapat mencerminkan tingkat produksi sekaligus BCRnya, dan semua usahatani perkebunan menunjukkan nilai BCR lebih besar dari satu. Dengan investasi yang lebih besar pada input pupuk, maka perusahaan perkebunan memperoleh manfaat yang lebih besar dibanding perkebunan plasma atau rakyat. Kriteria kesesuaian produksi (kg tandan buah segar/ha/th) dan BCR untuk sistem usahatani perkebunan kelapa sawit disusun atas empat kelas: I (16.932,20-18.778,76 dan 3,43-3,59); II (16.392,20-16.932,20 dan 2,97-3,43); III (14.458,34-16.392,20 dan 2,27- 2,97); IV (8.400,00-14.458,34 dan 2,02-2,27) dengan kematangan, drainase tanah, KB, dan K-dd sebagai karakteristik lahan penentu. Kriteria kesesuaian produksi dan BCR tersebut layak digunakan untuk evaluasi kesesuaian sistem usahatani perkebunan kelapa sawit di Kabupaten Siak, Bengkalis, Rokan Hilir, dan daerah sekitarnya.Item INTERAKSI GENETIK X LINGKUNGAN DAN STABILITAS KOMPONEN HASIL BERBAGAI GENETIPE KEDELAI DI PROVINSI RIAU(2013-08-28) Rasyid, Aslim; IdwarGenotype by environment (GE) interaction and stability of a trait in any crop plant such as soybean (Glycine max L Merr.) are very important for plant breeders to develop and evaluate the new cultivars as well as for farmes to plant suitable cultivars for . crop performances commercials purpose. crop performances including harvesting date, yield, components and grain yield of nine genetypes of soybean were evaluated at three locations with distinct environtments in riau. The data were used to determine GE interaction variance components of the straits and yield stability. Yhere was significant effect of location on all charactree exept on grain yield per plot. The genotypes differed significantly in all yield components and grain yield. Genotype x environtment interaction significantly affected several crop performances such as harvesting date, all yield components and grain yield. The magnitude ogf GE interaction variance components was greater than that of location for all traits except the number of seed perplants indicating that most genotypes performed differently across the locations and where not stable with respect to the locations. Among the nine genotypes line 19be and Malabar are classifired as stable genotype and could be grown in wide area of riau province, while line 13Ed and kipas putih produced high grain yield in specific area and could be only grown in pekanbaru.Item Penilaian Perubahan Kondisi Lingkungan Pasca Pembangunan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Pada Lahan Gambut Di Provinsi Riau(2013-08-29) Idwar; Sunardi; Suwondo; Hamzah, Anthony; Syahril, Nedi; Nasrul, Besri; Gevisioner; Kasih Bangun, RinduEvaluation of environment change pasca oil palm in the tropical peat lands need data about precisely and comprehensive understanding of lands and socioeconomics. The study was done in the Riau District were conducted infour months. Thefield survey was carried out on land unit. The lands were evaluated by maximum Iimiting factors and the socio-economic were calculated by Multi-Dimensional Scaling. Development of oil palm existing in the peatland not yet followed the soil conservation, so that giving influence to change oflands environment: (l) Saturation at all location > 4 mS, with full marks there was Bengkalis 107,32 mS; (2) Land subsidence > 6 cm year' espectally Rokan Hitir have l 8 cm year' ; and (3) Change of ground water exceeding valuefloatfor oil palm (60 cm), highest value there was Siak 30-95 cm. Level continue oil palm plantation in peat landsfor the ecologt dimension showed index value 47,35ok (less have continuation), with ecologtfactor having an effect: anangement water level, prevention of burning land, usage of amelioran/fertilizatton, and specific adjusment of site technologt. Level continue oil palm plantation in peat lands for social dimensio;n showed index value 55,65% (enough have continuation), with social factor having an effect: community emp-owerment, policy synchronization, solving of sosio-conflkt, and weak of law straightening. Level continue oil palm plantation in peat lands for economic dimension showed index value 68,62% (enough have continuation), with economic factor havingan effect: capital structure, price ofTBS, andproduction equipments.Item Respon Beberapa Varietas Padi Gogo (Oryza sativa L.) Terhadap Pemupukan N, P dan K Di Tanah Inceptisol(2015-03-23) Idwar; Yoseva, Sri; Norkhalimah, SitiPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon beberapa varietas padi gogo terhadap pemupukan N, P dan K di tanah Inceptisol. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau yang berlangsung selama 7 bulan mulai bulan Juni 2013 - Desember 2013. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen faktorial dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah varietas padi gogo yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu : Varietas Dara; Varietas Kulit Manis; dan Varietas Inpago 5. Faktor kedua adalah pemupukan N, P dan K yang terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu : tanpa pupuk N, P dan K; Urea 0,38 g/polibeg, SP-36 0,34 g/polibeg, KCl 0,15 g/polibeg; Urea 0,75 g/polibeg, SP-36 0,68 g/polibeg, KCl 0,30 g/polibeg; dan Urea 1,12 g/polibeg, SP-36 1,01 g/polibeg, KCl 0,45 g/polibeg. Takaran pupuk yang dianjurkan per hektar yaitu : Urea 150 kg/ha, SP-36 135 kg/ha dan KCl 60 kg/ha. Dengan demikian terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan, yang masing-masingnya diulang 3 kali, sehingga terdapat 36 satuan percobaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistic menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf 5%. Dari hasil analisis kimia tanah ternyata tanah Inceptisol yang digunakan untuk percobaan tergolong berkesuburan rendah, dengan demikian diyakini perlakuan pemberian pupuk N, P dan K dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanah Inceptisol dan tanaman padi gogo akan meresponnya dengan baik untuk mencukupi kebutuhannya. Dari hasil penelitian ternyata padi gogo lokal Varietas Dara berpotensi genetik untuk dikembangkan dibandingkan Varietas Kulit Manis karena memiliki tinggi tanaman lebih pendek; berat jerami kering lebih rendah; dan jumlah anakan produktif, persentase gabah bernas dan produksi yang lebih tinggi. Varietas Dara respon terhadap pemupukan pada takaran Urea 0,38g, SP-36 0,34g dan KCl 0,15g (Urea 75 kg/ha, SP-36 67,5 kg/ha, KCl 30 kg/ha) yang menghasilkan berat gabah 21,88 g per rumpun atau setara 4,13 ton/ha. Padi gogo unggul Varietas Inpago 5 sangat respon terhadap pemupukan takaran Urea 0,75g, SP-36 0,68g, dan KCl 0,30g (Urea 150 kg/ha, SP-36 135 kg/ha dan KCl 60 kg/ha) yang ditunjukkan dari berat gabah 30,20 g per rumpun atau setara 5,70 ton/ha. Sedangkan padi gogo lokal Varietas Kulit Manis tidak respon terhadap pemupukan N, P dan K, dengan tanpa pemberian pupuk N, P dan K menghasilkan gabah 16,46 g/ rumpun atau setara 3,1 ton/ha yang jauh lebih rendah dibanding dengan Varietas Dara dan Inpago 5.Item Respon Dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Pupuk Fosfat (P) Oleh Berbagai Kultivar Kedelai (Glycine max L. merril)(2013-07-06) Dly, M. Syahlan; Idwar; WardatiSoybean is one of the strategic crops other than rice, but in terms of increased soybean production is still difficult to be pursued. Lower soybean production is inseparable from the land factor. Several factors that affect the availability of P in the soil, including soil type, soil pH and inundation. Department of Agriculture estimates that each year continues to increase soy consumption, so it is a challenge for the government to increase soybean production. This study was conducted at the Experimental Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, from June to October 2009. This study uses a randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor is 6 soybean cultivars, namely: Slamet, kipas putih, Malabar, 14 DD, 19 BE, 25 EC. The second factor is the phosphate fertilizer dosing with 2 levels ie P0: Without giving P2O5 and P1: 25 kg P2O5 per ha. Parameters observed in this study is the degree of P, P uptake efficiency, seed production per plot, the efficiency of seed production, plant height, number of pods cropping, percentage pithy pods, number of seed planting, a dry weight of 100 seeds and harvest index. Soybean production efficiency found in cultivars of white and 19 BE kipas putih cultivars slamet, malabar, 14 DD and 25 EC without fertilized seed yield optimal production efficiency. Optimal P uptake efficiency resulting cultivars malabar, 14 DD, 19 BE and 25 EC and kipas putih cultivars and P uptake efficiency slamet cultivar relatively high when no fertilizer P. Soybean production efficiency and optimum efficiency of P uptake without fertilizer, it is presumably because P available in soil research in sufficient quantities.Item RESPON DAN EFISIENSI PUPUK KALIUM (K) PADA BEBBRAPA GALUR KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX L.MERRILL)(2013-08-29) Idwar; Rasyad, Aslim; Asmira, YusriRecently more than 60% of soybean demand in Indonesia is fulfilled by import from several countries due to very low yield and farmer's perception in which soybean is considered as second priority crop after rice and corn. Recently, high rate of K fertilization is required by most farmers in order to increasing soybean yield mainly in Riau Province. So that in this study, we intent to determine the efficiency of K fertilizer by several cultivars of soybean and to look at their response to K fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in Agriculture experiment station of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau at Pekanbaru from April to July 2010 by using completely randomized block design. Five soybean lines ie; line 13 ED, 14 DD, 19 BE, 25 EC, 11 A B were planted in three rates of K fertilizer including control, 50 kg KCl per ha, and 100 kg KCl per ha. The results showed that the effect of K fertilizer was not significant on plant high, flowering date, concentration of K in plant tissue, potassium fertilizer efficiency, yield efficiency, seed yield per plot, except weight of 100 seeds. Among the five genotypes, line 14 DD was the most responsive to application of potassium fertilizer in which the line indicated a positive value of absorption efficiency, seed yield efficiency and produced higher seed yield at the rate of 50 kg KCl/lia and 100 kg K C l per ha. For others lines, we found negative values of absorption efficiency of K fertilizer and the seed yield efficiency. This results indicated that application of K fertilizer absorbed and seed yield produced were lower for soybean plant fertilized by 50 kg and 100 kg KCl per ha. In general, application K fertilizer on the soil that contain moderately K (0,35 cmol(+)/kg) were not efficient to increase seed yield of soybeans, except for Jiues 13 ED and 14 DD with application of 50 kg K C l per ha.Item Respons Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Terhadap Pemberian Berbagai Pupuk Organik Dengan Pupuk Pelengkap Cair Yang Di Semprotkan Dalam Selang Waktu Yang Berbeda(2013-07-15) Nurwijayanti, Eka Hepi; Tabrani,Gunawan; Tabrani,Gunawan; IdwarCocoa is one of the important commodities after oil palm and rubber. For the planting medium is one of the factors that must be addressed in the provision of seeds. Organic fertilizers can be used on cocoa breeding include manure, compost, and bokasi To synergizing utilization of organic fertilizer for plants other measures necessary efforts, such as the use of complementary liquid fertilizer (PPC). This study aims to get a quality cocoa seeds and fertilizer by administering various doses of organic fertilizer in the planting medium supplement liquid fertilizer added at different time intervals. The research was conducted at the Experimental Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau during the five months starting in June until October 2012. The parameters measured were plant height (cm), number of leaves (pieces), leaf area (cm2), trunk circumference (cm), number of roots, crown dry weight (g), root dry weight (g), the ratio of the root crown. The results show the interaction between organic fertilizer with the frequency of different PPC is not real at all parameters observed. Number of lateral roots of cocoa seedlings in addition affected by organic fertilizer and is also influenced by differences in the time interval of liquid fertilizer supplement. On a combination of organic fertilizer and liquid fertilizer supplement gives a different effect on each parameter cocoa seedlings. The main factor is the best organic fertilizer for cocoa seeds are granting cow dung. The main factor of liquid fertilizer supplement showed no significantly different effect on some parameters but the girth, number of lateral roots of cocoa seedlings in addition affected by organic fertilizer and is also influenced by the frequency of complementary liquid fertilizer on cocoa seedlings.