VARIASI RASIO MOL MINYAK : METANOL DAN BERAT KATALIS PADA TRANSESTERIFIKASI CPO UNTUK SINTESIS BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS H2SO4 (1M)/CaO

Abstract

Biodiesel is a conventionally produced alternative fuel through the transesterification of triglycerides or oils with short chain alcohols and catalysts. In this study, biodiesel was synthesized through the transesterification of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) using CaO catalyst of blood cockle shell (Anadara granosa) calcined at 900oC for 10 hours which impregnated H2SO4 1M, with variations of oil mole:methanol (1: 6, 1:12 and 1:18) and catalyst weight (1, 2, 3 and 4%). The maximum yield of biodiesel obtained was 77.6%, with optimum conditions (catalyst weight 3% and mole ratio of oil:methanol 1:12 using H2SO4(1M)/CaO catalyst). Maximum yield of biodiesel was characterized based on biodiesel quality standards SNI 7182-2015 obtained water content 0.049%, density 888 kg/m3, viscosity 4.19 mm2/s, flash point 107ºC, carbon residue 23.06%, acid number 0.5 mg KOH/g, number of saponification 187.98 mg KOH/g, iodine number 53.19 g-I2/100 g and cetane number 63.38. It can be concluded that the characteristics of biodiesel have meet the quality requirements of SNI 7182-2015 except carbon residues.