PERBANDINGAN METODE SULFAT (KRAFT) DAN ORGANOSOLV DALAM PEMBUATAN PULP BERBAHAN BAKU DAUN NANAS (Ananas Comusus Meer)

Abstract

Pineapple leave contained high concentration of cellulose, so it can be used as an alternative raw material for making pulp. This study aims to compare pineapple leave pulp by using sulfate method (kraft) and organosolv method. The sulfate (kraft) method used sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium sulphide (Na2S) as cooking solutions, while the organosolv method used acetone (C3H6O) as cooking solution. The process of delignification used several treatments, that were variation concentrations of solution variation cooking time. Physical properties of pulp were determined by calculating grammature and tensile index. The result of the research with sulfate (kraft) method obtained the highest pulp yield 45,94% with the highest cellulose 65,8%, and lowest lignin was 5,19%, at cooking time of 90 minutes and 3% NaOH concentration. While for the organosolv method obtained the highest yield pulp was 57,91% at 120 minute and concentration C3H6O 3%. The highest cellulose content of the research was 57,1% and the lowest lignin content was 16,10% at 60 minutes, of 1% C3H6O concentration. Grammature value ranges of pulp from 53 to 68 g/m2 and tensile index that was 30,0 to 31,1 Ng/m2 for sulfate (kraft) method, whereas for the organosolv method the value to grammature and tensile index 0 Ng/m2. The results showed that pineapple leaves pulp was better with sulfate (kraft) method than organosolv method