Abstract:
Biodiesel fuel is more important because of the depletion and uncontrollable prices of
fossil fuel resources. Biodiesel are produced by the transesterification reaction of
vegetable oils and animals' fats with a catalyst and methanol. Crude palm oil (CPO)
is used as the raw material of biodiesel by using heterogeneous catalyst, calcium
oxide (CaO). The results showed that the presence of free fatty acid and water in CPO
are 3,722 % and 0,367 % exceed allowed amount. Therefore, Pre treatment through
esterification reaction is needed to reduce the presence of free fatty acid and water.
The optimal biodiesel obtained is 73,455 % with variable catalyst calcinations
temperature POO^C, reaction temperature 70*^C, reaction time 60 minutes, catalyst
dosage 0,5 % and molar rasio methanol/oil of 9:1. To study the effect of CaC03
calcination on the formation of biodiesel, the catalyst is heated from 700*'C-1100°C
and analized with X ray diffraction. The purification of the synthesized biodiesel uses
citrate acid which function to eliminate the remaining calcium and analyzed by TLC.
Physical and chemical characteristics of biodiesel are water presence 0,046 %,
kinematical viscosity 3,815 cSt, density at 886 Kg/m^, acid number at 0,770 and flash
point at 175*^C. Characteristics of biodiesel indication that resulted-biodiesel has
obeyed the SNI-04-7182-2006
