KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN BIOMASSA LIMBAH INDUSTRI MINYAK PICUNG (PANGIUM EDULE REINW) UNTUK BIOBRIKET SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF DI DESA PULAU PICUNG, KAMPAR

Abstract

Seed of picung (Pangium edule Reinw) contains 70 % kernel (weight) and 40 % husk (weight). Its nucleus’s seeds contain 21-27 % oils that can be extracted. More than its 70 % component is an oil cake. The huge amount of oil cake can be used as a solid fuel such as Biomass Briket (Baiobriket). Biobriket has weight 23,046 gram,long 3,469 cm, wide 2,804 cm and high 2,277 cm. Biobriket picung is produced by manual process inlet dry materials that is pushed and pressed by hydroulic press. The pressing process produces solid materials that will be piece into specific size. Picung oil cakes have a weakness as a solid fuel. It has no high heating value and its physic characteristic that has low binder. To increasing heating value, glycerol is added. Because glycerol has a heating value equal to 1353 kcal/ kg. Glycerol can be used as an alternative heating resource. Binding problems can be solved by adding tapioca. Optimum adding of tapioca is not more than 5%. The final step of this research is found the comparison of quality between optimal biobriket picung oil cake. This research using central composit design. The first factor is quantity of glycerol (X1) and the second factor is quantity of tapioca (X2). Basis picung oil cake that is used is 200 gram. First factor’s range is between 1 – 5,5 % weight of oil seed or at 1,76-9,69 ml (density glycerol is 1,13 g/ml). The seconds factor range is 1 – 5 % weight of oil cake or at 2-10 gram. Optimation response that used is heating value (Y). Analysis with response surface method shows that adding glycerol has a positive influence to the heating value of biobriket with desirability 94 %. The optimum value for heating calor biobriket is 6243,62 kcal/kg.