Isolasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Senyawa Aktif Sitotoksik Dari Tumbuhan Akar Tapak Kuda (Bauhinia hullettii Prain)

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate the active cytotoxic compound from akar tapak kuda (Bauhinia hullettii Prain) and tested its cytotoxic activity using BSLT method. Sample studied was leaves of akar tapak kuda. Phytochemical screening results showed that sample contains triterpenoid, steroid, flavonoid, phenolic and saponin compounds. As much as 1,4 kg of sample in the form of dry powder was extracted by maceration method using solvent n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Extraction resulted 28,6368 g of n-hexane fraction, 39,1009 g of dichloromethane fraction, 21,3175 g of ethyl acetate fraction and 113,9438 g of methanol fraction. Cytotoxic activity test has been conducted to dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions. The results of test showed that LC50 values of n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol fractions were 123,7758 ppm, 2.729,1905 ppm and 829,7525 ppm, respectively. It means that ethyl acetate fraction was not active cytotoxic, while dichloromethane and methanol fractions were active cytotoxic. Dichloromethane fraction was the most active fraction so that its separation needs to be continued. As much as 30 g of concentrated dichloromethane fraction was separated using chromatography technique, namely vacuum liquid chromatography and gravity column chromatography with various eluent systems. Separation resulted 231 mg white needle-shaped crystal as isolate that contained of two spot based on TLC analysis. Phytochemical test indicates that the isolate was triterpenoid and steroid compounds. The results of cytotoxic activity test showed that LC50 value of the isolate was 605,1815 ppm. It means that isolate was active cytotoxic.