Konflik Muslim Moro Dengan Pemerintah Filipina Tahun 1968 – 1996 (Suatu Kajian Historis)

Abstract

Moro conflict motivated by various forms of government policies that are not favorable for the Philippine Moro communities. Christian Catholic population resettlement programs Muslim to region inter-ethnic conflict. Moro conflict exacerbated by various forms of discrimination, marginalization the Moro society such as poverty, low education levels and the difficulty of obtaining employment. Moro conflict experienced the most crucial period in the time of President Ferdinand Marcos in 1968, the incident Jabidah that killed at least 180 Muslims. This study aims 1) to describe the factors and the background of the Muslim Moro conflict with the Philippine government, 2) to reveal how the emergence of Muslim movements Moro; 3) to know the Philippine government's efforts to resolve conflicts Moro. The method used is the Historical Method. The goal is to reconstruct, examine, evaluate, and explain the evidence to get the facts and achieve results that can accounted. The results showed that the Muslim Moro conflict has lasted long enough, since the presence of the Spaniards to the U.S. occupation of the Philippines. Various forms of discrimination and marginalization experienced by Muslim communities continue until the independence of the Philippines in 1946. As a result, emerging movements Moro society organizations are demanding independence. The Moro movement such as: MIM, MNLF and MILF. Government's response to the Moro liberation movement is to a military strike, but the insistence of the OIC held talks. Negotiations between the Philippine Government and the Moro Muslims is quite successful Peace Agreement in 1996, resulting in the formation of 13 areas of special autonomy for the Muslim community.