Abstract:
At this time the world experienced an energy crisis. This is due to the high
dependence on fossil fuels, petroleum. Petroleum has the non-renewable nature
and amount of production decline each year. Therefore, the innovation required
to produce an alternative energy,that is bio-oil from biomass such as palm shells.
Indonesia, has a vast plantation sector of palm oil. Bio-oil can be produced from
palm shell waste through pyrolysis process using a catalyst Ni.Mo / Clay cengar.
This study aimed to determine the effect of catalyst ratio Ni.Mo / Clay cengar the
bio-oil produced. This pyrolysis used palm shell 50 grams, silinap 500 ml and the
weight ratio of catalyst 0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5% w / w biomass. Bio-oil produced
at the optimum catalyst ratio of 0.5% w / w of biomass with yield 40.0%. Results
of bio-oil analyzed physics, density 0.9625 g / ml, viscosity 8.99 cSt, flash point
48 ° C, acid value 45.71 g NaOH/ g sample, and heating value 51.47 MJ / kg. GCMS
analysis produced chemicals that bio-oil that can be processed further
processed into alternative energy sources other than petroleum.
