ISOLASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK n-HEKSAN DARI KULIT BATANG TUMBUHAN Xylopia malayana Hook. f.et Thomson (ANNONACEAE)

Abstract

Jangkang (Xylopia malayana) is an Annonaceae family which is distributed in some parts of Indonesia, especially in the province of Riau. Some genus of this plant has bioactivity as antimicrobia, antitumor, and anticancer. The results of phytochemical test from stem bark Xylopia malayana showed that this plant contains secondary metabolites flavonoid, saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Essential oils from the stem bark of Xylopia malayana were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Mass Spectroscopy (MS). The results of the analysis using gas chromatography showed 35 retention time peaks and mass spectroscopy analysis revealed number of major constituent of essential oil compounds in the form of caryophyllene oxide (7.40%), 3- cyclohexen-1-carboxaldehyde, 3,4-dimethyl (4, 98%), valerenal (15.49%), 2-butenal, 2- methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) (8.37%), and 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) - (CAS) Oleic acid (8.14%). Antioxidant analysis from extract methanol, n-hexane extract, and Fg 2 extracts of stem bark Xylopia malayana revealed that methanol extract gave high activity (IC50 642.77 μg/mL) compared to n-hexane extract, and Fg 2 extracts with IC50 values > 1000 μg/mL. This might be due to the methanol extract of the stem bark Xylopia malayana containing compounds with functional groups which capable of acting as a hydrogen atom donor to the free radical compounds. However, the measure of antioxidant activity was lower than the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid with IC50 values of 14.467 μg/mL