SINTESIS BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS KOH/CaO DENGAN METODA HIDRASI-DEHIDRASI: VARIASI BERAT KATALIS

Abstract

Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) is an alternative fuel other than petroleum. Therefore, intensive research is being carried out by researchers around the world to develop a more efficient, economical and environmentally friendly biodiesel production process shells Anadara granosa using KOH impregnated hydrationdehydration method with concentrations of K (1, 3, 5 and 7%). The catalyst was characterized using the Surface Area Analyzer with the BET method to determine the surface area of the catalyst. The surface area of the KOH/CaO catalyst (0, 1, 3, 5 and 7% K) is 1.4291; 2.9617; 4.2854; 1.4125 and 1.6544 m2 g-1. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the amount of catalyst 1, 2, 3 and 4% (w/w) on the yield biodiesel produced. The optimum biodiesel was obtained using KOH/CaO (3% K) catalyst with a catalyst weight of 1% w/w resulting in yield of 82.81%. The characteristics of the biodiesel produced for water content is 0.02% v/v, specific gravity is 862 kgm-3, viscosity is 2.36 mm2s-1, carbon residue is 0.09% w/w, saponification number is 204.80 mg-KOH g-1 and the acid number is 0.44 mg-KOH g-1. In general, the characteristics of biodiesel are in accordance with the requirements of SNI 04-7182-2015.