SINTESIS KATALIS KOH/CaOMENGGUNAKAN METODE SOL-GEL UNTUK TRANSESTERIFIKASI CPO MENJADI BIODIESEL DENGAN VARIASI BERAT KATALIS

Abstract

Calcium oxide (CaO) is one of the most commonly used heterogeneous base catalysts in the biodiesel synthesis process. The high CaCO3 content in the blood clam shell can be used as a catalyst in the synthesis of biodiesel using crude palm oil (CPO). Biodiesel production using a KOH/CaO catalyst derived from blood clam shell. KOH/CaO catalyst was synthesized using the sol-gel method. The catalyst was characterized by using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) to determine the functional groups contained in the catalyst. The OH functional group has been formed at the wave number 3642,73 cm-1 which indicates Ca(OH)2. Biodiesel was synthesized by varying the weights of the catalyst (1,2,3 dan 4) wt% for 3 hours at 60 °C, the mole ratio of methanol oil 1:15 with stirring speed 500 rpm. The maximum biodiesel yield was obtained on a catalyst of KOH/CaO (1 g KOH) with a catalyst weight of 1 %wt of 94.92%. The characteristics of the biodiesel produced in this study were a water content, density, viscosity, carbon residue, acid number, saponification number, iodine number and cetane number. In general, the characteristics of biodiesel are in accordance with the requirements of SNI 7182-2015.