3. International Seminar On Ecology, Human Habitat And Environmental Change In The Malay World Tahun 2014https://repository.unri.ac.id/handle/123456789/87372024-03-29T07:51:45Z2024-03-29T07:51:45ZArchaeology, Culture and History: Concept and Their Contribution in MalaysiaRamli, Zuliskandarhttps://repository.unri.ac.id/handle/123456789/87952016-11-14T19:07:50Z2016-11-14T00:00:00ZArchaeology, Culture and History: Concept and Their Contribution in Malaysia
Ramli, Zuliskandar
Archeology, history and culture are seen as capable of contributing to
national development. The three things are linked because the three have a strong
bond. In the opinion of the author, archaeology, history and culture are in harmony of
each other. This is because archeology is part of history and cultural data, including
the paleo-environment data (ecofact), which are the primary data in archaeological
research. However, this view would conflict with those who adhere to the idea that
'archeology is anthropology or it is nothing. It is the faith of those who subscribe to
the "New Archaeology" born in America.
The movement began in the late 1950’s when American researchers began
to move the entire discipline away from the study of artifacts to the study of people
behavior. Work of Gordon Willey and Philip Philips in ‘Method and Theory in
American Archaeology’ stated that “American archaeology is anthropology or it is
nothing (Whillwy and Phillips 1958: 2). The idea implied that the goals of
archaeology were, in fact, the goals of anthropology, which were to answer
questions about humans and human society. This was a critique of the former period
in archaeology, the culture-historical phase in which archaeologists thought that any
information which artifacts contained is about past people and their way of live once
the items are included in the archaeological record. All they felt that could be done
was to catalogue, describe and create timelines based on artifacts (Trigger, 1989).
In 1960’s, scholars like Lewis Binfood, David Clarke, David Leonard and
others suggested that archaeology must be more scientific, with explicit theory and
rigorous methodologies. Lewis Binfood in his book New Perspectives in
Archaeology published in 1968 stressed on: i) the need to use new technologies
such as the computer for statistical and matrix analyses of data; ii) the concept of the
ecosystem for the understanding of the economic and subsistence bases of
prehistoric societies; iii) an evolutionary view of culture; iv) the use of models of
cultures that could be viewed as systems; v) incorporation of an evolutionary
approach to culture change; and vi) a close relationship between archaeology and
anthropology. In Britain, David Clarke and David Leonard, in the book entitled
Analytical Archaeology, also published in 1968, took up similar themes, emphasizing
particularly the application of systems theory to archaeological modeling.
2016-11-14T00:00:00ZInformal Recycling Activities in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: Student PerspectivesNasir, Zubaidah MohdYaacob, MashitohAhmad, Maisarahhttps://repository.unri.ac.id/handle/123456789/87942016-11-14T19:01:47Z2016-11-14T00:00:00ZInformal Recycling Activities in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: Student Perspectives
Nasir, Zubaidah Mohd; Yaacob, Mashitoh; Ahmad, Maisarah
One of the major challenges in solid waste management in Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) is how best to work with informal recycling sector to
improve efficiency in recycling. In order to find the best way to integrate the informal
and formal sectors of recycling in UKM, UKM needs to document, understand and
build on existing informal collection and recycling systems. However, base-line data
on informal recycling activities in UKM are non-existence. The purpose of this paper
is to discuss base-line data on informal recycling activities in UKM. Quantitative
survey method was employed to collect data on informal recycling activities in UKM,
and one hundred students responded to a set of questionnaire. Descriptive mean
and standard deviation were obtained. Reliability and validity were tested to approve
the variables used. The results of this paper indicated that according to students, the
informal recyclers in UKM were amongst the cleaning service workers with a mean
score of 3.18 compared to other categories of informal recyclers such as residential
college staffs (2.34), students (2.28), support staffs (2.15), cafeteria staffs (2.11),
academic staffs (2.04) and administrative staffs (2.03). Students clarified that
informal waste recycling collectors and collecting waste recycling parties were
itinerant waste buyers with the mean scores of 2.93 and 2.59, respectively. Students
also identified recycling micro and small enterprise (MSEs) as the main trading party
(2.96) compared to other parties. Materials collected by the informal recyclers in
UKM were mostly papers (3.37). Of all recyclables, paper was accumulated the most
with a range of volume between 5 to 9 kilograms per day. In addition, paper also
gain the highest in profit obtained which is from RM 11 to RM 19 per day. The
findings of this study form a basis of understanding on unacknowledged recycling
activities by informal recyclers in UKM.
2016-11-14T00:00:00ZThe Implementation of Plantation Business License in Siak RegencyRusli, Zailihttps://repository.unri.ac.id/handle/123456789/87932016-11-14T19:06:20Z2016-11-14T00:00:00ZThe Implementation of Plantation Business License in Siak Regency
Rusli, Zaili
Palm oil plantation business licensing in Siak Regency has not been implemented effectively in
accordance with the in force regulations (act on forestry, permenhut, permentan, SKB 3 Ministers),
especially regarding to the release permission of forest area and HGU permit. This condition is affected
by several factors, namely communication, namely the dissemination, system and procedure (SOP) for
implementing the licensing effort of implementation of palm plantation in siak Regency. Therefore it is
necessary to take some steps in order to overcome the factors that affect the success of the palm
plantation business licensing implementation in Siak Regency, such as the increase of socialization to
the target, the transformation of the information clearly and consistently, the increase of the quality and
quantity of the implementing policy reform, as well as crafting a clear SOP so that law enforcement can
run optimally.
2016-11-14T00:00:00ZThreat to The Peat Region and Ecosystem (The Early Study of Restorasi Ekosistem Riau (RER) /Riau Ecosystem Restoration in Kampar Peninsula)Yoserizalhttps://repository.unri.ac.id/handle/123456789/87922016-11-14T19:09:21Z2016-11-14T00:00:00ZThreat to The Peat Region and Ecosystem (The Early Study of Restorasi Ekosistem Riau (RER) /Riau Ecosystem Restoration in Kampar Peninsula)
Yoserizal
The Kampar Peninsula is the biggest remain peat swamp forest in Sumatra which located on the
eastern Sumatra coastal line and has 473.000 hectare of natural forest. This Peninsula has 4
conservation regions; Danau Pulau Besar Conservation (28,237ha), Tasik Belat Conservation
(2,529ha), Tasik Besar / Tasik Metas Conservation (3,200ha), Tasik Serkap / Tasik Sarang Burung
Conservation (6,900ha). Tasik Belat, Tasik Sarang Burung, and Tasik Serkap are the small
conservations seperated by rivers and lakes. Since being declared, the Kampar Peninsula is threatened
by illegal lodging, demographic tension, the use and the domination of lands, hunting and conflict
among humans and animals.
2016-11-14T00:00:00Z