Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Pesisir Di Kecamatan Pasir Limau Kapas Kabupaten Rokan Hilir

Abstract

Coastal Development is very strategic because it contains the potential of biological and non biological resources. Based on the ecological approach, coastal areas cover all areas that are the meeting area between land and sea. In Law no. 1 Year 2014 stated that: Coastal Area is a transition area between terrestrial and marine ecosystems that are affected by land and sea changes, towards land covering the administrative area of the subdistrict and towards the sea as far as 12 nautical miles measured from the coastline. Development carried out in coastal areas implemented by all communities, both men and women. Women in the coastal areas are socio-economic potentials, which contribute greatly to fisheries, marine affairs, environmental conservation and the enhancement of family welfare. However, there are still many problems surrounding her life. The low access and participation of coastal women in environmental issues and environmental management around them, so they can not participate in the spatialization of their environment and natural resources, so that in the utilization of coastal resources resources are still limited, do not participate in the supervision and the weakness of the benefits received women as subjects of development. However, based on several studies on women's empowerment in coastal areas, the economic contribution of women is quite high. Likewise, in the coastal areas of Kecamatan Pasir Limau Kapas, Rokan Hilir regency, many women participated in utilizing coastal resources. The purpose of this study is to produce an overview and analyze the Empowerment of Women from an ecological, economic and socio-cultural perspective based on indicators of access, participation, control and benefits. While Methods Data collection is to spread the questionnaire to 99 (ninety nine) female respondents and conduct interviews with informants who selected intentionally, which is relevant to the research. The indicators of women's empowerment include access, participation, control and benefits in terms of ecological, economic and socio-cultural aspects. Research results based on respondents' answers and interviews, obtained a picture of women that Age of respondents scattered in all age groups productive. Most respondents were aged 36-40 years old by 29.29%. Marital status of the respondents was 73.73% with marital status. The number of children of the respondents is not too much, because almost all participate in family planning program. Who have children with the number of 0 - 3 people amounted to 75.76%. The number of family dependents is not too large. Only 2.02% of respondents who bear the number of families between 7-9 people. And 87.88% bear between 0-3 people. Religious Respondents 69.70% are Muslim, Respondents 11.11% are Christian and Respondents 19.19% are Buddhist / Confucian. The results of interviews with them, obtained information that religious life in their location live quite harmoniously. Last Education: 39.39% of respondents are educated to graduate high school and equivalent, while only 4.04% are already Bachelor (S1), 37.37% have junior high school education and 19.20% complete primary school. Respondents' education varies, but does not prevent them from carrying out various activities in their area. Respondent's work: The description of female respondents is spread in various types of work. The highest number is women who work as traders / entrepreneurs as much as 31.31%, women who work in food stalls / beverages / restaurants 17,17% both as manager / owner and as worker. The results of interviews with respondents obtained information there is a food stall managers who have been managing for about 25 years. Respondents who work as civil servants / teachers 17.18%, and there are women who work as a housekeeper and shell harvesting workers of 7.07%. However there are respondents as Housewives means not working for 16.16%. Husband work: Most of the respondents are employed in the private sector / self-employment sector 35.35%, husband and husband as fisherman 23.23%, while 18.19% of the respondent's husband is civil servant and teacher. But 23.23% of her husband work as a laborer and odd jobs and some are not working. The results of interviews with them, said that their husbands are also entrepreneurship / trade, so that they can help each other. Origin of Region: 41.41% of respondents are from Riau Province, which means original Malays, 19.19% Chinese, 17.17% from West Sumatra, 13.13% from North Sumatra / Nias and 9.10% % comes from Java. The community is quite harmonious, although it consists of several tribes. Based on the research that has been done obtained the result that the empowerment of women is on the assessment very well. Based on four indicators, namely access, participation, control and benefits, indicating that the access, participation and mafaat very well, only those controls that are at the lowest answer is not good. Based on information from the respondents, women were not involved or in part did not participate in overseeing the overall activities in the surrounding area, with busy households reasons respectively. Most women in this region has menikamati outcomes or resource utilization, because the area crowded, open to anyone, especially to try, so they're quite happy to stay in this region. Empowerment of Women based on three aspects, namely ecological, economic and socio-cultural, found the result that women are not much involved in the preservation of the coastal environment. However, from the economic aspect, very high female empowerment because women willing and able to take advantage of all the economic potential in the region, they work in different types of jobs. While the sociocultural perspective, explained because the culture for society remains high then the sociocultural factors are very supportive of coastal area development.