ANALISIS SPEKTRUM SUARA MANUSIA BERDASARKAN SUKU PADA KELOMPOK USIA ANAK-ANAK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE PRAAT

Abstract

A study on the human voice spectrum is analyzed based on ethnic and age groups of children 8-11 years old. Recording is done with the human voice by using a microphone and a computer equipped with a software praat instead of the spectrum analyzer. The recorded sound spectrum determined a fundamental frequency (pitch) and formant. Sampling was done by recording the sound from each tribe of Batak, Malay, Minang, and Java, which consists of 4 males and 4 females were grouped into children aged 8-11 years. Each voice read three pieces word is "Red and White", "Indonesia" and "Youth Pledge". The results showed that the tribe (ethnic) Batak in males has a value of fundamental frequency averages higher at 231-282 Hz than the Malay, Minang, and Java has a fundamental frequency value of the average 241-252 Hz, 150-214 Hz, and 134 Hz-170 Hz. The value of the average fundamental frequency of each tribe for females, in which the value of highest frequency contained in Malay is 225-235 Hz compared to ethnic Minang, Javanese and Batak which has an average fundamental frequency are 186-240 Hz, 148-186 Hz and 125-186 Hz. The differences in the fundamental frequency caused by factors based on gender, age, condition of a person, the tribe and the condition of the room. The formant value rose from the first formant (F1) to the third formant (F3). Average formant values F1, F2, and F3 males lower compared to females. Formant value of the average F1, F2 and F3 boys 2116.387 Hz, 2157.046 Hz and females