Abstract:
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a rice plants that became the food of most people
in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of
antimicrobial Chromolaena odorata, and Azadirachta indica leaves powder and
their combinations to control seed borne pathogens and their effects on rice seed
germination. The study was conducted at the of Plant Diseases and Plant Breeding
Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty Riau University from June until September
2011. The research was carried out experimentally using Complete Randomized
Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. The treatment provides
is non leaves powder (T0); leaves powder of Chromolaena odorata (T1); leaves
powder of Azadirachta indica (T2); and leaves powder combinations of
Chromolaena odorata + Azadirachta indica (T3). The parameters observed was
diameter colonies of the seed borne fungus on petridish (mm), growth inhibition
of seed-borne fungus by leaves powder, persentage infections of rice seed borne
fungus and persentage of seed germination. The results of identification based on
morphological characteristics found some fungi seed-bornepathogen such as
Cercospora sp, Rhizopus sp, Rhizoctonia sp (1), Rhizoctonia sp (2), Mucor sp (1)
and Mucor sp (2).The treatment leaves powder of Chromolaena odorata,
Azadirachta indica and the combinations can control of Cercospora sp, Rhizopus
sp, Rizoctonia sp and Mucor sp in in-vitro. The treatment leaves powder of
Azadirachta indica has a greater ability to control rice seed borne fungus can
reduce average percentage infection of Cercospora sp by 81.82%, Rhizopus sp by
90%, Rhizoctonia sp 92.65 %, and Mucor sp 77.78% compared with non leaves
powder. The leaves powder treatment of C. odorata, A. indica, and both
combination (A. indica + C. oodrata) could trigger the seed ability to normal
germination on tensile papper
