MORTALITAS DAN PERTUMBUHAN LARVA NYAMUK Culex sp. AKIBAT PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK KULIT JENGKOL (Archidendron pauciflorum Benth.)

Abstract

Culex sp. is a vector of various diseases. Usually Culex sp. is controlled using synthetic insecticides. Synthetic insecticides are considered as an effective, practical, and economical method, but the countinous use of synthetic insecticides cause environmental pollution, death of other living creatures and resistant larvae, as well as negative impact on health and the environment. The efforts to controll Culex sp. have to be done properly and environmental friendly. One of the methods used is jengkol skin extract that contains allelopathy compound which is toxic to insects, therefore it can be used as biological insecticides. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Jengkol skin extract (Archidendron pauciflorum Benth.) on the mortality and growth of mosquito larvae (Culex sp.). The study was conducted from June to September 2013 in the Laboratory of Zoology and Botany, FMIPA, University of Riau. The mortality data was analyzed using ANOVA, if there was a significant effect of treatment then followed by Duncan's test at the level of 5 %. The growth data was analyzed by using GI (Growth index) formula, RGI (Relative growth index) and phytochemical data of jengkol skin extract was qualitatively analyzed. Results of this study showed that jengkol skin extract gave an effect on the mortality and growth of mosquito larvae, on both preliminary test and mortality test. GI and RGI values decreased in line with the increasing of concentration of the extract. Phytochemical analisys of jengkol skin extract showed that metabolic secondaries found were terpenoid, alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid and tanin