SELEKSI MIKROBA SELULOLITIK DALAM MENDEGRADASI LIGNIN ASAL TANAH GAMBUT DESA RIMBO PANJANG KABUPATEN KAMPAR RIAU

Abstract

Peatland conversion activities into plantation can cause a low level of decomposing organisms growth, so the process of decomposition organic materials such as lignin and cellulose occurs imperfectly. Lignocellulolytic microbes such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes may degrade lignin and cellulose to produce extracellular ligninase and cellulase enzyme. The purpose of this study to be obtain the lignocellulolytic microbial isolates by screening the cellulolytic bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes isolates that may degrade lignin. The ability of a total of three bacteria isolates, 63 fungi isolates and 42 actinomycetes isolates isolated from peat soil at Rimbo Panjang have been known degrading cellulose but their ability to degrade lignin have not been known yet. Ligninase enzyme activities were determined by the ratio of clear zone and colony diameter. The result showed that three isolates of bacteria, 26 isolates of fungi and 40 isolates of actinomycetes had ligninolytic activity. The highest ratio of ligninolytic activity from bacteria was produced by L410-3a2 isolates (4,00), from fungi was produced by Penicillium sp. L5J1 (2,17) and from actinomycetes was produced by Frankia sp. L3A7 (12,29). The characterization result showed that 14 of lignocellulolytic fungal isolates were obtained from the genus of Penicillium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus and Rhizopus. The characterization result showed that 16 of lignocellulolytic actinomycetes isolates were obtained from the genus Streptomyces and Frankia while five isolates have not yet been identified