Abstract:
Plastic waste is a serious threat to the environment in which we live. Plastic is one type of non-biodegradable waste that hard to be decomposite in the environment. Burning of plastic waste will produce exhaust gas and residue that actually adds to the type of pollution that occur in the environment. For that matter another attempts are needed to be found to tackle plastic waste to be used as a product that is more useful and beneficial to society in the future. However also be seen from the basic material of plastic waste, it could potentially have economic value as a source of raw material if processed in an appropriate manner that will produce hydrocarbons as the basic fuel. Cracking process is a process to convert waste plastics of long alkyl chain into hydrocarbon. In the process of converting plastic waste into an energy source, the catalyst plays an important role in the quality of hydrocarbons produced. Catalysts are used to reduce the energy that occurs in the combustion process. This research aims to study the effect of different raw materials and the effect of different ratio of raw material/H-zeolite catalysts in the cracking process of waste plastics, as well as knowing the chemical components of the product. The research conducted by two stages, first making H-zeolite catalysts and the second catalytic cracking processes. 200 grams of plastic HDPE, PP, PS with size + 2 x 2 cm cracked at 360 °C with H-zeolite catalyst 100 mesh size with ratio of raw material/ catalysts of H-zeolite 30, w/w, 40 w/w, 50 w/w. Lower melting point of HDPE plastic caused the highest yield can be obtained at 32.71%, the cracking process of HDPE plastic with a ratio of raw materials/catalysts of H-zeolite 30, 40, and 50 w/w, yield obtained 32.71%, 30.34%, 19.11%, the greater the ratio of raw material/catalyst the lower the yield generated, and the chemical composition of the fuel product with a highest (%) yield obtained 88.65% gasoline, 6.41% kerosene and diesel of the raw PS material.