Uji kemampuan Ekstrak Daun Beberapa Jenis Sirih (Piper sp.) Untuk Mengendalikan Jamur Patogen Tular Benih Kacang Tanah Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Daya Kecambah Benih

Abstract

This study has been conducted to obtain betel leaf extract that is able to control seed-borne fungal pathogens of peanuts and determine its effect on peanut seed germination. The research arranged out experimentally and used a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 4 treatments and 5 replicates (without extract and some extracts of betel plant). The data obtained were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and Duncan's New Multiple Range Test at 5% level. The results showed that the leaf extract of green betel, forest betel and the red betel could inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi in vitro against fungi Rhizoctonia sp. Ie: 18.59%, 16.90% and 6.38% and the fungus Aspergillus sp. Ie: 32.08%, 37.53% and 33.03% comparing to no provision of betel leaf extract. Giving the leaf extract of green betel, forests betel and the red betel can also reduce the percentage of peanut seed-borne fungal infections attack by the fungus Rhizoctonia sp. Ie: 19.20%, 8.80% and 8.80% and by the fungus Aspergillus sp. Ie: 19.60%, 19.20% and 18.80% comparing to no betel leaf extract. Betel leaf extracts and without betel leaf extract resulted in a high percentage of normal seedlings (> 80%), but the red betel leaf extract gave lower seed germination than other betel leaf extract.