KINETIKA REAKSI PROSES NITRASI LIMBAH PELEPAH SAWIT

Abstract

Waste palm midrib is a byproduct of industry solid waste production that has not been fully utilized. One utilization of the cellulose is nitration reaction on cellulose that produce nitrocellulose. Nitrocellulose is a form of commercial polymers that used in the manufacture of explosives and manufacture of various industrial products. This study aimed to determine the reaction kinetics of waste palm midrib nitration process at a variety of temperatures. Nitration is done by the addition of nitric acid in sulfuric acid medium conditioned with the reactor at various reaction temperature at any given time. After nitration process, product washed with bicarbonate and distilled water, than dried in a desiccator and finally analyzed the content of the concentration of beta and gamma cellulose by SNI 0444: 2009. Results showed the lowest concentration of beta and gamma cellulose obtained when the reaction takes place at temperatures of 5 -10 °C which produces second order reaction. Activation energy obtained is 33,465.034 cal/mol and the frequency of collisions is 1.421 x 1024. So, the Arrhenius equation: k = 1.421 x 1024e-33465,034/RT