Abstract:
Fuel is a very important energy resource in life, but at the present, crisis of fuel
occurred due to the lack of fossil fuel in Indonesia. One way to overcome this case is to develop
alternative energy resources, like bio-oil. Bio-oil is produced by pyrolysis of biomass without
the presence of oxygen. Biomass used in this research is shell of palm. The purpose of this
research is to produce bio-oil as an alternative energy by pyrolysis shell of palm and to
explain the effect of CoMo catalyst on yield of bio-oil. Catalyst concentration was varied from
0%, 0.5%, 1% to 1.5% w / w to biomass. Bio-oil formed was analyzed by GCMS and physics
tests. 50 grams of biomass shell oil with a size of -60 +40 mesh, silinap 500 ml, and the
catalyst CoMo / Clay 1.5 grams introduced into the slurry reactor, and pyrolysis process
performed on the operating conditions of temperature 320 oC and stirring speed of 300 rpm
with a flow of nitrogen gas (N2) as an inert gas. The results showed that the optimum yield
obtained is 50,4 % at the concentration of catalyst CoMo 1.5%. The properties of bio oil
produced has density 1.016 kg/m3, viscosity 22.83 cSt, acid value 68.34, flash point 85 oC.
From analysis of chemical constituents by GC-MS, bio-oil produced constitutes 5.91%
methanol, 2-propanone 2.73%, Acetic acid 54.91%, 17.63% Phenol, Furfural 6.64 %. The
results obtained have characteristics approaching the characteristics of standard fuel oil and
bio-oil.
