Abstract:
Bio-oil is a product of pyrolysis of biomass. Biomass conversion research has been done into the palm shell bio-oil by pyrolysis process using metal catalysts with Co content developing of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% w / w of the clays (clays). In this research, testing physical properties (density, viscosity, acid number, and flash point), the analysis of the chemical content of bio-oil, and the developing of the effect of metal Co / clays to yield bio-oil produced. Biomass shell oil 50 grams with a size of -40 +60 mesh, silinap 500 ml, and the catalyst Co / 1.5 gram clay slurry introduced into the reactor, and pyrolysis process performed on the operating conditions of temperature 3200C and stirring speed of 300 rpm with a flow of nitrogen gas (N2) as an inert gas. The results showed that the optimum yield obtained at the level of developing of a metal catalyst Co 1% of the clay that is equal to 56.4%. The test results obtained by the physical properties of density 1.036 g / ml, 11.42 cSt viscosity, acid number of 55.43 g NaOH / g sample, calorific value of 44.706 MJ / kg, and the flash point is 53 º C. Results of analysis of chemical constituents by GC-MS, obtained the dominant chemical components of bio-oil are Acetic acid 31.87%, 23.70% Glycerol, Methyl acetate 10.42%, 18.88% 3-Butylcyclohexanone, Phenol 4, of 68%. The results obtained have characteristics approaching the characteristics of standard fuel oil and bio-oil.
