Studi Konversi Ampas Tapioka menjadi Bio-Oil dengan Metode Pirolisis Menggunakan Katalis NiMo/NZA

Abstract

The potential use of biomass in Indonesia is wide, Indonesia is a country that is very rich with natural resources that can be renewed, but so far has not been done with optimal utilization. One of biomass that has not made optimal use of industrial waste residue in the form of tapioca starch. In addition, the use of biomass as a renewable energy source that is renewable and environmentally viable solution reduces the effects of greenhouse gases produced fossil fuel emissions. This study used a metal carrier NiMo on NZA, biomass as a feedstock is tapioca residue, which use temperature 320 º C and a stirring speed of 300 rpm. The purpose of this study to calculate the influence of developing of metal levels NiMo / NZA (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) to yield bio-oil produced from pyrolysis tapioca lees, besides determining the physical and chemical characteristics of bio-oil is produced. Pyrolysis residue -60 +80 mesh size tapioca performed in slurry reactor using catalysts NiMo/NZA 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% wt/wt with stirring speed of 300 rpm and a temperature of 320 º C for 120 minutes in the vacuum of oxygen , as a medium of heat used silinap 500 ml. Retrieved optimum yield of 0.5% on the developing of metals NiMo / NZA of 58.1%. The results of the physical characteristics of the bio-oil obtained from this study the density of 1.038 g / ml, viscosity 11.42 cSt , acid number 55.43 gr NaOH/ gr sample, the flash point 53 oC, and the calorific value of 45.42 MJ/Kg. Possible dominant compounds from the GC-MS chromatograms at 0.5% NiMo/NZA is 2-Methylpropene (3.96%), 2,4-Dimethyl -2 - pentene (7.75%), 2,4,4 - Trimethyl-1-pentene (13.25%), 1-bromo-3 methylcyclohexane (8.46%), Trimethyl-2-Propyne Silane (3.84%).